What are the 6 Kingdoms? Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals.
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Transcript of What are the 6 Kingdoms? Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals.
What are the 6 Kingdoms?ArchaebacteriaEubacteriaProtistsFungiPlantsAnimals
We are looking at the first twoArchaebacteriaEubacteria
Smallest and simplest lifeformsUnicellular (one-celled)no nucleus
Classification of BacteriaArchaebacteria: extremistsEubacteria:
HeterotrophsPhotosynthetic autotrophsChemosynthetic autotrophs
Archaebacteria
Live in extreme locations:Oxygen-free
environmentsConcentrated
salt-waterHot, acidic
water
Eubacteria - HeterotrophsFound everywhereParasites: live off of other organisms
Saprobes: live off of dead organisms or waste (recyclers)
Eubacteria: Photosynthetic Autotrophs
Photosynthetic: make their own food from light
Cyanobacteria: blue-green, yellow, or red
ponds, streams, moist areas
Eubacteria: Chemosynthetic Autotrophs
Get energy by breaking down inorganic substances like sulfur and nitrogen
Make nitrogen in the air usable Make nitrogen in the air usable for plantsfor plants
Kingdom Protista(“Protists”)Single-celled or multicellularmore complex than organisms in Kingdom Monera
nucleusprotozoans (animal-like)algae (plant-like)
ProtozoansKingdom Protistano cell wall or chlorophyllinternal digestionno locomotion (some)
AlgaeCell wallsChlorophyllPhotosyntheticPlaced in groups according to color and structure
Kingdom FungiMulticellular; complexcell walls, no chlorophyllThreadlike fungi (bread mold)club fungi (mushrooms)sac fungi (yeast and mildew)
Kingdom PlantaeMulticellular, cell walls, and chlorophyll
Largest and longest-living things on Earth
Vascular or Nonvascular
Nonvascular PlantsCANNOT conduct waterExample: MossMoist environment
Vascular PlantsCAN conduct waterCapable of living in drier areasClub mosses, Ferns, Horsetails, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms
GymnospermsSeed plantname means “naked seed”Most are conifers
Angiosperms -Flowering PlantsSeed plantname means “covered seed”Seeds are produced inside ovaries
A ripened ovary is a fruitlargest/most diverse plants
Sponges (invertebrate)Simplest of the animal groupslives in salt water attached to the bottom
Hollow central cavityTwo layers of body cells with tiny pores
Coelenterates (invertebrate)Jellyfish, hydras, and coralstwo cell layersLive in waterhollow body with a single opening
Flatworms (invertebrate)Flattened body; mostly parasitic
one body openingtwo eyespots (light detection)Turbellarians (free-living)Planarians (freshwater Turbellarians)
Roundworms (invertebrate)Rounded shapedtwo body openings (eating and waste expulsion)
mostly free-livingEx: Nematodes and hookworms
Segmented Worms (invertebrate)Rounded, segmented bodiestwo body openingshas five hearts and a brainEx: leeches and marine tube worms
Mollusks (invertebrate)Soft-bodies, no shell: (octopus/squid)
well-developed organssome with shells: (clams/oysters)
Arthropods (invertebrate)Largest group of animalsmultiple body segmentsjointed appendages (legs/arms)exoskeleton (hard outer covering)
Arthropods (continued)Well-developed organsinsects, lobsters, crabs, and spiders
Echinoderms (invertebrate)Spiny skinned animalsstar fish (sea stars), sand dollars, sea cucumbers
flexible arms; tube feetknown for regeneration (ability to grow new body parts)
VertebratesHave backbonesbody with a head and most have appendages
endoskeleton (internal skeleton for support/protection)
Vertebrates (continued)Endotherm (warm- blooded); these organisms can control their body temperature from within despite changes in the environment
Vertebrates (continued)Ectotherm (cold-blooded); body temperature changes with the environment
Jawless fishesEx: Sea lamprey mouth is used for sucking fluids; no appendages (fins)
flexible skeleton made of cartilage
ectotherms
Cartilaginous Fishes Two pairs of fins; gillsectotherms strong teeth (sharks)SKELETON MADE OF CARTILAGE
stingrays, skates, sharks
Bony fishesFlounder, eels, trout, and othersSKELETON MADE OF BONEgillsstreamlined bodies (narrow shape)most numerous group of fish
AmphibiansFrogs, toads, salamanderspart of their life is spent on land and part of life is spent in the water; (ectotherms)
smooth, moist skingills when they are young and have lungs as adults
ReptilesAdapted to live on land (terrestrial)
breathe with lungsbody covered with plates or scales
ectotherms
Reptiles DinosaursTurtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles, and alligators
lay eggs in a leathery shell
BirdsBodies adapted for flight (light, bones, feathers, and wings)
Scaly legs and feetlay eggs in a hard shellendotherms
MammalsAdvanced nervous system; highly
developed brainEndothermsHairy bodiescan occupy several habitats give birth to live young; produce
milk mammary glands
HomeworkStudy for Quiz #6 – Biodiversity and Classification Read Chps. 17 & 19 Pgs. 418 – 439, 466 – 489, “Trafficking in Kidneys” Pgs. 436 – 437, “Denying AIDS” Pg. 486