WHAT ARE MANGROVES? · GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES Excoecaria agallocha Milky Mangrove (सूड) Sap...

WHAT ARE MANGROVES?

Mangue – ‘Grove into the sea’

Halophytes – Salt tolerant plants

Plants that grow at the interface between soil and waterPlants that grow at the interface between soil and water

An ecosystem in inter-tidal zone of seashore, creek, estuary etc.

Evolved around 114 million years ago in tropical and subtropical regions

DISTRIBUTION OF MANGROVES

112 tropical and subtropical countries

Image source: http://indiamangroves.naturalresources.anthro-seminars.net/background/mangrove-distribution/

DISTRIBUTION OF MANGROVES IN INDIAWest Bengal 2,097 sq kmGujarat 1,103 sq kmAndaman & Nicobar Islands 604 sq km Andhra Pradesh 352 sq kmAndhra Pradesh 352 sq kmOdisha 213 sq kmMaharashtra 186 sq kmTamil Nadu 39 sq kmGoa 22 sq kmKerala 6 sq kmKarnataka 3 sq kmAlso in Puducherry and Lakshadweep

52 CREEKS IN

MAHARASHTRA

CHRACTERISTICS OF MANGROVEENVIRONMENT

Image source: http://indiamangroves.naturalresources.anthro-seminars.net

ADAPTATIONS OF MANGROVES

SALT REGULATION THROUGH

FILTRATIONThrough root system(Red Mangrove)

EXCRETIONThrough salt glands(River Mangrove)

STORAGEIn leaves and bark(River Mangrove)


SPECIALISED ROOT SYSTEM

PneumatophoresBreathing roots to overcome oxygen deficiency

Buttress Rootsfor support(Milky Mangroves)

Stilt Rootsfor support(Red Mangroves)

deficiency(Grey Mangroves)

Prop Roots(Red Mangroves)

Cable Rootsfor nutrition(Grey Apple)

ADAPTATION OF MANGROVES

SPECIALISED ROOT SYSTEM

Buttress RootsButtress RootsPneumatophoresPneumatophores Stilt RootsStilt Roots

Prop Roots Cable RootsCable Roots


VIVIPAROUS GERMINATION to ensure reproduction in saline environment

Propagules develop root and leaf system

Matured propagules fall and fix into substratum to grow into mature plants

Germination of seeds and formation of propagules on parent plant

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - PROVISIONING

FOODFruits, leaves

RAW MATERIALTimber, fuel, tannin

MEDICINESAll plant parts of

LIVELIHOODFor fisherfolk

RESEARCH AVENUEFor academia and researchers

Fruits, leaves Timber, fuel, tannin All plant parts of different species

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVE PROVISIONING

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - PROVISIONING

Regulating air, water and soil quality by photosynthesis and

Enhancing soil fertility by organic detritus

Carbon sequestration:Stocking carbon to control climate changephotosynthesis and

filtrationcontrol climate change

Prevention of coastlineerosion

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - HABITAT

Habitat for genetic

Habitat for aquatic, inter-tidal, terrestrial wildlife

Reproduction site Nursery for fish, prawns, crabs etc.

Habitat for genetic biodiversity

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - HABITAT

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - CULTURE

AESTHETICSfor urban community

RECREATIONfor youth and old

ECOTOURISMfor local community

The following legislations protect mangroves through coordinated actions of Mangrove Cell of Forest Department, Revenue Department, Police

LEGAL PROTECTION FORLEGAL PROTECTION FORMANGROVE ECOSYSTEMMANGROVE ECOSYSTEM

of Mangrove Cell of Forest Department, Revenue Department, Police Department, Maharashtra Coastal Zone Management Authority and other stakeholders

Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011

LEGAL PROTECTION FORLEGAL PROTECTION FORMANGROVE ECOSYSTEMMANGROVE ECOSYSTEM

Environment Protection Act, 1986

Maharashtra Tree (Felling) Act, 1972

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

ABOUT GODREJ MANGROVESABOUT GODREJ MANGROVES

LOCATION

Vikhroli East, Mumbai

AREA

1750 acres1750 acres

DIVERSITY

16 mangrove &mangrove associate species

ABOUT GODREJ MANGROVESABOUT GODREJ MANGROVES

OWNERSHIP

Godrej & Boyce Mfg Co Ltd and Soonabai Pirojsha Godrej Foundation

ISO 14001:2004 Certified forestISO 14001:2004 Certified forest

GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES


Avicennia marina Grey Mangrove (�तवर)

Commonest on west coast of India

Source of fuel, timber, pickle, cattle feed, tannin

Used as abortive, on fish bites and wounds


Sonneratia apetela Mangrove Apple (�चपी)

Source of timber, fodder, food (fruits), tannin(fruits), tannin

Prominent knee roots

Grows in unstable conditions, preferred for forestation


Sonneratia alba Mangrove Apple (�चपी)

Source of timber, fodder, food (fruits), tannin(fruits), tannin

Pollinated by bats

Grows in unstable conditions, preferred for forestation


Aegiceras corniculatum

River Mangrove (फुगणी/�मरची)

Source of honey, wood, tannin and

fish poisonfish poison

Grows in less saline area

Few in Mumbai


Bruguiera cylindrica

Orange Mangrove (सरूकांदळ)

Source of firewood, charcoal, tannin

Leaves for blood pressure and fruits

to stop bleeding

Identified by knee roots

Few in Mumbai


Rhizophora mucronata

Red Mangrove (कांदळ)

Source of firewood, charcoal,

fodder, mosquito repellant, cure for fodder, mosquito repellant, cure for

diabetes, dysentery, hemorrhage

Identified by prominent stilt roots

and pointed leaf apex

Few in Mumbai


Excoecaria agallocha Milky Mangrove (सडू)

Sap causes skin irritation and blindness

Sap to treat toothache, ulcers and as fish Sap to treat toothache, ulcers and as fish

poison

Bark for planks, matchboxes, fish poles, toys,

floats, cases, tannin

Can grow in dry, saline areas

Being tested for anti-HIV, cancer,

bacterial and viral fevers


Salvadora persica

Meswak (�मसवाक)

Seeds yield oil for soap industry

Roots as astringent, toothbrush

Leaves as food during famine, drought

Commonest mangrove associate in

Mumbai


Acanthus ilicifoliusSea Holly (मारंडी)

Large presence indicates mangrove

ecosystem degradation

Twiny habit and spiny leaves

Grow on high tide mark, lobster mounds

Used as desiccant and to cure

rheumatism, neuralgia, kidney stones,

cold, skin allergy, ulcers,

epilepsy

GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA


TERRESTRIAL FAUNATERRESTRIAL FAUNA

MICRO-ORGANISMSBacteriaFungiFungi



INSECTSAnts, Moths, Flies,

Butterflies, Bugs, Bees, Butterflies, Bugs, Bees,

Beetles, Wasps, Dragonflies,

Weevils



ARACHNIDSSpiders



AMPHIBIANSToads



REPTILES30 species of geckos, lizards, snakeslizards, snakes



AVIFAUNA206 Avifauna –Waders, raptors, forest Waders, raptors, forest species



MAMMALS4 mammals – Bats, Mongoose, Jackal, Mongoose, Jackal, Wild Boar


AQUATIC FAUNAAQUATIC FAUNA

ARTHROPODS13 Crabs



PISCES20 Fish



MOLLUSCSGastropods and others

GODREJ INITIATIVES FOR GODREJ INITIATIVES FOR

MANGROVE CONSERVATIONMANGROVE CONSERVATIONRESEARCHGraduate, Post Graduate and PhD Research ProjectsSurveys by NGOs and Consultants

CONSERVATIONMarine AquariumISO 14001:2004 Certification

Protection from EncroachmentThematic GardensMangrove Nursery

Marine Aquarium

AWARENESSNature Trails Articles in Journals, Magazines and NewspapersAV Presentations

IMPACT OF GODREJ MANGROVE CONSERVATION

Godrej mangroves on West coast of Thane creek are diverse and dense than East coast for its conservation.

Teachers and students, senior citizen forums, NGOs and CBOs, Businesses and Individuals can conserve mangrove ecosystem by

YOUR ROLE IN YOUR ROLE IN MANGROVE CONSERVATIONMANGROVE CONSERVATION

Prevention of tree cutting

Reporting mangrove destruction to Mangrove Cell of Forest Department and Police Departmentcutting Forest Department and Police Department

Vigilance on your neighbourhood mangroves

Following ‘3R Principle to control pollution

Participation in conservation activities of NGOs and CBOs

Understanding nature through visits, books and internet

CREDITSPhotographs

Concept

Design

Dr. Mahesh Shindikar, Hemant Karkhanis,

Laxmikant Deshpande, Abhishek Jamalabad,

Narayan Bhat, Rajesh Srinivasan, www.wikipedia.org

http://indiamangroves.naturalresources.anthro-seminars.net/

Laxmikant Deshpande, Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Sushil Narsian, Indus D’Sign, [email protected]

THANK YOU

Manager

Email

Phone

Wetland Management and Sustainability.Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd.Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli, Mumbai – 400 079

[email protected], [email protected]

+91 22 6796 1097

WHAT ARE MANGROVES? · GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES Excoecaria agallocha Milky Mangrove (सूड) Sap...

Documents

Transcript of WHAT ARE MANGROVES? · GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES Excoecaria agallocha Milky Mangrove (सूड) Sap...