What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst...
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Transcript of What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst...
![Page 1: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What are enzymes??Enzymes are proteins.Enzymes speed up chemical
reactions. Biological Catalyst
pH, temperature, and substrate concentration affect enzyme activity.
![Page 2: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Enzymes are Catalysts Reduce the activation energy needed
to start a chemical reaction.
![Page 3: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Activation energy The amount of energy needed to start
a chemical reaction.
![Page 4: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
AmylaseExplain what is happening to the cracker as it sits on your tongue.
How does this help your digestion?
![Page 6: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Enzyme vs. Substrate Substrate is the substance the enzyme
acts on during a chemical reaction.
![Page 7: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Enzymes can be reused! They are not changed during a reaction.
![Page 8: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lock and Key
Enzymes are specific to the substrate. The shape of the enzyme determines the function of the enzyme.
![Page 9: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How it works
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Active Site The part of the
enzyme that binds to the substrate.
![Page 11: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Temperature pH Concentration
Three Factors that Affect Enzyme Activity
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• If too hot, enzymes will be denatured lose its shape and the active site will be destroyed
• It will not be able to bind with its substrate• Too low (cold), enzymes
will slow down
Temperature
![Page 13: What are enzymes?? Enzymes are proteins. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Biological Catalyst pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062317/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a822/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
pH Enzymes work best within a certain
range of pH values (Optimal) or they will be denatured
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Concentration
If you have 5 lanes (enzymes) and 100 customers (substrates) adding more customers won’t make it go faster
If you have 100 lanes (Enzymes) and 5 customers (substrates) adding more lanes won’t make it go faster.