Westward Looks the Westward Looks the EmpireEmpire

Texas IndependenceTexas Independence

Texas: America Reneges on a Texas: America Reneges on a PromisePromise

As part of Adams-Onis Treaty in 1819 As part of Adams-Onis Treaty in 1819 America gave up claim to TexasAmerica gave up claim to Texas

Mexico wanted to attract settlers to Mexico wanted to attract settlers to TexasTexas

Stephen F. Austin became an Stephen F. Austin became an empresarioempresario

An emprisario was given large tracts An emprisario was given large tracts of land and agreed to attract settlersof land and agreed to attract settlers

Mexican TexasMexican TexasSparsely populatedSparsely populated

American Colonists in TexasAmerican Colonists in Texas

Each settler received large grants of Each settler received large grants of landland

1.1. Promised to become Mexican citizensPromised to become Mexican citizens

2.2. Promised to obey Mexican lawPromised to obey Mexican law

3.3. Promised to become Roman CatholicPromised to become Roman Catholic By 1831 Austin had attracted 5000+By 1831 Austin had attracted 5000+

Growing ConflictGrowing Conflict

Many Americans moved to Texas without Many Americans moved to Texas without permissionpermission

Settlers brought slaves even though Mexico Settlers brought slaves even though Mexico outlawed slavery in 1829outlawed slavery in 1829

Said government had no right to take their Said government had no right to take their property (What is the weakness of this point?)property (What is the weakness of this point?)

Settlers wanted a different form of Settlers wanted a different form of governmentgovernment

Tensions grow between the Mexican Tensions grow between the Mexican government and American settlersgovernment and American settlers

Fight for IndependenceFight for Independence

By 1830 5 times as many Anglos By 1830 5 times as many Anglos than Mexicans in Texasthan Mexicans in Texas

Mexico builds 5 new army post in the Mexico builds 5 new army post in the areaarea

1833 Stephen Austin takes petition 1833 Stephen Austin takes petition to Mexico Cityto Mexico City

Wanted repeal of ban on immigration Wanted repeal of ban on immigration and creation of separate Texas Stateand creation of separate Texas State

Violence EruptsViolence Erupts

General Santa Anna will not give up General Santa Anna will not give up TexasTexas

Skirmish breaks out in Gonzales over Skirmish breaks out in Gonzales over a cannona cannon

Texas volunteers attacked San Texas volunteers attacked San Antonio: Revolution begunAntonio: Revolution begun

March 2, 1836 Texans announce the March 2, 1836 Texans announce the creation of the Republic of Texascreation of the Republic of Texas

The Adversaries: Santa Anna The Adversaries: Santa Anna and Houstonand Houston

The AlamoThe Alamo

200 Texas soldiers 200 Texas soldiers defend a mission defend a mission called the Alamocalled the Alamo

March 6, 1836 March 6, 1836 Santa Anna Santa Anna launches all attack launches all attack and overwhelms and overwhelms the defendersthe defenders

““Remember the Remember the Alamo” becomes a Alamo” becomes a rally cryrally cry

Battle of San JacintoBattle of San Jacinto

On April 21, 1836 Sam Houston strikes On April 21, 1836 Sam Houston strikes against Santa Annaagainst Santa Anna

The battle lasted 18 minutesThe battle lasted 18 minutes 600 Mexican soldiers died, hundreds more 600 Mexican soldiers died, hundreds more

captured, Texans woncaptured, Texans won May 14 Texans force Santa Anna to sign a May 14 Texans force Santa Anna to sign a

peace treatypeace treaty In September 1836 they elect Sam Houston In September 1836 they elect Sam Houston

President of the independent Republic of President of the independent Republic of TexasTexas

Annexation of TexasAnnexation of Texas

From 1836-1845 most Presidents From 1836-1845 most Presidents skirted the issue of annexation of Texasskirted the issue of annexation of Texas

President John Tyler persuaded President John Tyler persuaded Congress to annex Texas by a joint Congress to annex Texas by a joint resolution of Congress in 1845, 3 days resolution of Congress in 1845, 3 days before Polk takes office.before Polk takes office.

In December 1845 under President Polk In December 1845 under President Polk Texas formally became part of the Texas formally became part of the United States, out 28United States, out 28thth State. State.

Border Dispute will Lead to Border Dispute will Lead to WarWar

Texas claimed her Texas claimed her southern border southern border was the Rio Grande was the Rio Grande

Mexico always Mexico always claimed it was the claimed it was the Nueces RiverNueces River

Eventually this Eventually this dispute would lead dispute would lead to war with Mexico,to war with Mexico,

Exit Slip: Answer in Complete Exit Slip: Answer in Complete SentencesSentences

Copy and label three sentence from Copy and label three sentence from the John L. O’Sullivan editorial which the John L. O’Sullivan editorial which illustrate the three themes we illustrate the three themes we identified which are almost always identified which are almost always present in the idea of Manifest present in the idea of Manifest Destiny. Destiny.

VirtueVirtue DestinyDestiny GodGod