Western Washington Western Washington UniversityUniversityShannon Point Marine Shannon Point Marine CenterCenter

On-Line Safety TrainingOn-Line Safety TrainingFall 2008Fall 2008

Our Safety PolicyOur Safety Policy

SPMC is committed to provide, maintain, and SPMC is committed to provide, maintain, and improve safe working conditions in its improve safe working conditions in its laboratories and offices. laboratories and offices.

In all instances SPMC will strive to eliminate at In all instances SPMC will strive to eliminate at the source, dangers to the health, safety and the source, dangers to the health, safety and physical well-being of employees and students.physical well-being of employees and students.

It is expected that each employee and student It is expected that each employee and student act responsibly in matters of safety and health act responsibly in matters of safety and health that promotes a safe working environment.that promotes a safe working environment.

Having a plan isn’t enough. Every party involved is responsible for working toward a safer environment

OSHA Laboratory StandardOSHA Laboratory Standard 29 CFR 1910.145029 CFR 1910.1450

Any person who works in a laboratory Any person who works in a laboratory must receive training to become must receive training to become knowledgeable about potential hazards knowledgeable about potential hazards in the laboratoryin the laboratory. .

This training is part of WWU SPMC’s compliance with the OSHA Laboratory

Standard

Who is responsible for Who is responsible for Safety?Safety?

SPMC is responsible for providing:SPMC is responsible for providing: Safe working conditionsSafe working conditions Safe equipmentSafe equipment TrainingTraining

ALL employeesALL employees and studentsand students are responsible for a safe are responsible for a safe

working environmentworking environment

The The employee (or student)employee (or student) is is responsible for :responsible for : reviewing all pertinent safety programsreviewing all pertinent safety programs Complying with all safe work practices, rules and Complying with all safe work practices, rules and

regulations.regulations. Recognizing hazards in the work placeRecognizing hazards in the work place Reporting unsafe conditions to their supervisor or Reporting unsafe conditions to their supervisor or

SPMC staff immediately.SPMC staff immediately.

Who is responsible for Who is responsible for Safety? Safety? (cont.)(cont.)

Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication

Information about potential hazards must be freely exchanged among all parties

““Right-to-Know Laws” exist and specify Right-to-Know Laws” exist and specify your rights your rights

You have a right to be informed of any hazards to You have a right to be informed of any hazards to which you may be exposed.which you may be exposed.

You have a responsibility to inform others around You have a responsibility to inform others around you of hazards they may not know about.you of hazards they may not know about.

For example:For example:

If you’re working with something that requires protective equipment others around you should be informed so they can best protect themselves.

Which of these folks doesn’t know the hazards to which they are being exposed?

Signs and labels are an important component of hazard communication

Complete and accurate signs and labels are essential

Does this sign effectively warn of potential hazards?

More Info on OSHA Lab More Info on OSHA Lab StandardStandard

Copy available in ME 039Copy available in ME 039 On-line (see External Links)On-line (see External Links) Questions, comments, and concerns can Questions, comments, and concerns can

be brought to your supervisor or qualified be brought to your supervisor or qualified SPMC staff (Gene, Nate, or Lee)SPMC staff (Gene, Nate, or Lee)

Various Potential Various Potential HazardsHazards

There are a variety of potential hazards There are a variety of potential hazards that may be encountered in teaching or that may be encountered in teaching or research labsresearch labs

This presentation will briefly discuss This presentation will briefly discuss many of themmany of them

Many of you will require additional Many of you will require additional training more specific to your work training more specific to your work environmentenvironment

Planning ahead can prevent Planning ahead can prevent many accidentsmany accidents

Emergency Response Emergency Response ProceduresProcedures

Prepare for any emergencyPrepare for any emergency Be aware of emergency telephone numbersBe aware of emergency telephone numbers Know the location and operation of Know the location and operation of

eyewash fountains and emergency showerseyewash fountains and emergency showers Know what to do in case of a spill (What are Know what to do in case of a spill (What are

you working with?)you working with?) Know your emergency exitsKnow your emergency exits

Planning ahead can save time and possibly lives

First AidFirst Aid First Aid kits are located throughout the First Aid kits are located throughout the

buildingsbuildings If more than minor injury send someone for If more than minor injury send someone for

assistanceassistance Serious emergency call x3911 and stay on Serious emergency call x3911 and stay on

phonephone Life threatening (call 911)Life threatening (call 911)

Emergencies - Emergencies - FireFire

Be preparedBe prepared Keep the lab aisles and evacuation Keep the lab aisles and evacuation

routes free of equipment and other routes free of equipment and other objects that could obstruct safe passageobjects that could obstruct safe passage

Locate the fire extinguishers and alarmsLocate the fire extinguishers and alarms Know the route to the closest emergency Know the route to the closest emergency

exitexit

Small FireSmall Fire

Alert people in the lab to the dangerAlert people in the lab to the danger

Smother the fire or use an Smother the fire or use an extinguisher (aim at the base of extinguisher (aim at the base of flame)flame)

Always stay on the exit side of the Always stay on the exit side of the flameflame

Report the incidentReport the incident

Large FireLarge Fire Alert people to evacuate the areaAlert people to evacuate the area Close doors to confine fireClose doors to confine fire Activate nearest fire alarm or call for Activate nearest fire alarm or call for

emergency responseemergency response Assist getting students out of buildingAssist getting students out of building Gather in a common area, away from Gather in a common area, away from

danger, so you can be accounted for danger, so you can be accounted for Emergency area location is theEmergency area location is the

Handicap parking areaHandicap parking area

Spills & Broken GlassSpills & Broken Glass

Warn everyone around youWarn everyone around you Clear the areaClear the area Evaluate the hazard, clean up if safe - If Evaluate the hazard, clean up if safe - If

unsure send someone for helpunsure send someone for help Evacuate if dangerousEvacuate if dangerous Report the incidentReport the incident

Safety Showers and Safety Showers and EyewashesEyewashes

Know the locationsKnow the locations Know how to operate each Know how to operate each

typetype Assist others when neededAssist others when needed Showers for large spills, Showers for large spills,

remove clothing for maximum remove clothing for maximum

safety safety Eyewashes Eyewashes

Hold eyes wide openHold eyes wide open Remove contactsRemove contacts Flush eyes for 15 minutesFlush eyes for 15 minutes

EarthquakeEarthquake

Stay calm!Stay calm! Get under a desk or table or stand in a corner. Get under a desk or table or stand in a corner.

Crouch and cover your head and neck with your Crouch and cover your head and neck with your hands and armshands and arms

If in a crowd, do not rush for the door. Lend a If in a crowd, do not rush for the door. Lend a hand to othershand to others

Exit the building as soon as the shaking stopsExit the building as soon as the shaking stops Report any gas or water leaksReport any gas or water leaks Gather in a common area, away from danger, so Gather in a common area, away from danger, so

you can be accounted for – you can be accounted for – Handicap Parking LotHandicap Parking Lot

AutoclavesAutoclaves

Before using the autoclaves you must be trained by personnel.

Autoclaves use high heat and pressure to sterilize. This, very rarely, can lead

to an explosion.

Here’s what it looks like when an autoclave explodes

Compressed Gas CylindersCompressed Gas Cylinders

Must be properly secured Must be properly secured at all timesat all times

Gas cylinders are under Gas cylinders are under extreme pressuresextreme pressures

They can explode or They can explode or become deadly projectilesbecome deadly projectiles

Lab after a gas cylinder accident

Liquid NitrogenLiquid Nitrogen

Very, very cold (-200 °C)Very, very cold (-200 °C) Wear goggles whenever Wear goggles whenever

pouring liquid nitrogen.pouring liquid nitrogen. Use cryo gloves Use cryo gloves

Protect your hands and eyes from damage

Electrocution HazardsElectrocution Hazards

Use GFCI outlets Use GFCI outlets near sinksnear sinks

Frayed electrical Frayed electrical wireswires

Aquarium lights Aquarium lights and pumpsand pumps

RadioisotopesRadioisotopes Radioisotope use is under the direct Radioisotope use is under the direct

supervision of the Radiation Safety supervision of the Radiation Safety Officer (Gisele Mueller-Parker)Officer (Gisele Mueller-Parker)

Written authorization from the RSO is Written authorization from the RSO is required before using radioisotopes and required before using radioisotopes and must be indicated on your application for must be indicated on your application for spacespace

C14

Chemical SafetyChemical Safety

Now that we’ve briefly discussed most of the

potential hazards we’ll go into a bit more detail about

one more hazard

Chemical LabelsChemical Labels

DOT – Department of Transportation (DOT) DOT – Department of Transportation (DOT) requires specific diamond shaped warnings on requires specific diamond shaped warnings on any shipped packageany shipped package

NFPA – National Fire Protection Association’s NFPA – National Fire Protection Association’s four colored diamond is intended to summarize four colored diamond is intended to summarize hazards to rescue personnel in case of a spillhazards to rescue personnel in case of a spill

When working with chemicals there When working with chemicals there are some labeling systems with which are some labeling systems with which you must be familiaryou must be familiar

Chemical LabelsChemical Labels (Cont.)

Primary container labelPrimary container label – Complete – Complete hazard information hazard information prepared by the prepared by the chemical manufacturer and affixed to chemical manufacturer and affixed to containers before it is shipped to buyers.containers before it is shipped to buyers.

Secondary container labelSecondary container label – When – When ever a chemical is transferred (or ever a chemical is transferred (or diluted) into a secondary container diluted) into a secondary container (beaker, flask, bottle, etc.) it must be (beaker, flask, bottle, etc.) it must be labeled with hazard warnings and labeled with hazard warnings and identifying information identifying information

DOT LabelDOT Label Department of Department of Transportation labels are Transportation labels are typically found on the outside typically found on the outside of shipping cartonsof shipping cartons The labels are color-coded with The labels are color-coded with the hazards depicted by readily the hazards depicted by readily identifiable symbolsidentifiable symbols

These universal symbols are also These universal symbols are also useful on secondary containersuseful on secondary containers

NFPA LabelNFPA LabelThis labeling and rating system is designed for fire fighters – not lab workers

Yet it is still a helpful quick summary of a substance’s main hazardsAlways read

more about possible

hazards of a chemical before

exposing yourself

Primary Container LabelPrimary Container Label

Each label must contain: Each label must contain: • the identity of the material the identity of the material • the name and address of a responsible person the name and address of a responsible person

from whom information can be obtained if from whom information can be obtained if necessary necessary

• precautionary hazard warningsprecautionary hazard warnings

OSHA requires that all hazardous chemicals be OSHA requires that all hazardous chemicals be clearly labeled with known hazards.clearly labeled with known hazards.

Secondary Container Secondary Container Label Label

If a material is transferred from a primary If a material is transferred from a primary container into another container (e.g. flask, container into another container (e.g. flask, bottle, beaker) that container is called a bottle, beaker) that container is called a secondary container. secondary container.

Any repackaged hazardous solid or Any repackaged hazardous solid or liquid in a concentration greater liquid in a concentration greater than 1% (0.1% for a carcinogen) than 1% (0.1% for a carcinogen) must have appropriate labeling.must have appropriate labeling.Never leave an unlabeled beaker or flask on a shelf or

counter.

If someone else spills it would they know what hazards are involved? Even water should be labeled to avoid any

concerns.

Secondary labels must includeSecondary labels must include Identity of the chemical (full name not just Identity of the chemical (full name not just

formula)formula) Appropriate hazard warningAppropriate hazard warning Date of transfer (refilling)Date of transfer (refilling) Name of person who made or is using 2Name of person who made or is using 2ndnd

containercontainer Hazards requiring specific mention:Hazards requiring specific mention:

Flammability, Oxidizer, Corrosive, Cancer, Flammability, Oxidizer, Corrosive, Cancer, Explosive, Toxic, Poison, and any other Explosive, Toxic, Poison, and any other immediate or severe hazardimmediate or severe hazard

Secondary Container Secondary Container LabelLabel (cont.)(cont.)

Improperly labeled 2Improperly labeled 2ndnd ContainersContainers

Can you see what is missing on these secondary containers?

• No hazard info

• No name

• No date

Read the Chemical LabelRead the Chemical Label Always check the label of every bottle Always check the label of every bottle

for safety informationfor safety information

Also obtain more detailed information Also obtain more detailed information from the MSDSfrom the MSDS

Material Safety Data Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)Sheets (MSDS)

An MSDS is an information sheet that:

•tells what chemicals are in the product•lists the hazards of the product•how to protect yourself from the hazards

Here’s an example MSDS for Acetone

Every company has its own format for its MSDS but the contents are the same.

This is only 1 out of 4 pages for this MSDS.

There is a lot of info packed into an MSDS. Let’s highlight some of the key components.

Composition (ingredients) list all the hazardous chemicals in the product. Acetone is simple.

Product Identification lists other names by which the chemical is known as well as other identifying information.

Hazards Identification starts with a summary of hazard warnings. Read these carefully.

Detailed health effects, first aid measures, exposure limits, etc. can be found in the rest of the MSDS

Read the MSDSRead the MSDS

Material Safety Data Material Safety Data Sheets Sheets All MSDS’s are in rooms ME039 and ME All MSDS’s are in rooms ME039 and ME

036 (the balance room)036 (the balance room) Always refer to the MSDS for any Always refer to the MSDS for any

suspected hazardous materialsuspected hazardous material A copy must be on hand before working A copy must be on hand before working

with any chemicalwith any chemical Must be easily available to everyone for Must be easily available to everyone for

every laboratory materialevery laboratory material Available on the web (hazard.com)Available on the web (hazard.com)..

Material Safety Data Material Safety Data Sheets Sheets (cont.)(cont.) Important tip:Important tip: MSDS’s are written for industrial settings MSDS’s are written for industrial settings

were quantities are much bigger than were quantities are much bigger than would ever be found in the labwould ever be found in the lab

When working with a new chemical read When working with a new chemical read the MSDS then talk with you supervisor the MSDS then talk with you supervisor and/or the Safety Officer about the risks in and/or the Safety Officer about the risks in your situation.your situation.

Safe storage of chemicals is Safe storage of chemicals is a necessity in every a necessity in every laboratory. laboratory.

Provides for effective management of Provides for effective management of chemicals.chemicals.

Lessens the risk of fire.Lessens the risk of fire.

Prevents accidental mixing of incompatible Prevents accidental mixing of incompatible chemicals in emergencies. chemicals in emergencies.

Minimizes exposure to corrosive and toxic Minimizes exposure to corrosive and toxic chemicals.chemicals.

Fire caused by improper Fire caused by improper chemical storagechemical storage

Safe Chemical StorageSafe Chemical Storage Dry chemical storageDry chemical storage

Dry chemicals can be stored together but segregate Dry chemicals can be stored together but segregate oxidizers.oxidizers.

Liquid chemical storageLiquid chemical storage Separate as acids, bases, flammables, oxidizers, and Separate as acids, bases, flammables, oxidizers, and

highly toxic chemicals. highly toxic chemicals. Acids.Acids.

Acids should be stored in trays. Nitric acid should be Acids should be stored in trays. Nitric acid should be stored separately. stored separately.

Organic acids, organic bases, and flammables.Organic acids, organic bases, and flammables. Organic acids and organic bases may be stored with the Organic acids and organic bases may be stored with the

flammables. flammables. Oxidizers.Oxidizers.

Oxidizers are highly reactive. They should be separated Oxidizers are highly reactive. They should be separated from other chemicals. from other chemicals.

Safe Chemical StorageSafe Chemical Storage

(Cont.) Only retrieve chemicals for which you have Only retrieve chemicals for which you have

been authorizedbeen authorized

Place all items back in proper storage locationPlace all items back in proper storage location

Don’t leave hazardous chemicals out on the Don’t leave hazardous chemicals out on the benchtopbenchtop

If you have a question concerning the proper If you have a question concerning the proper storage of a hazardous chemical, don't guess; storage of a hazardous chemical, don't guess; ask your supervisor or Carissa for guidanceask your supervisor or Carissa for guidance

Waste Minimization and Waste Minimization and DisposalDisposal Plan each experiment to utilize the Plan each experiment to utilize the

minimum amount of material minimum amount of material Order the smallest amount of chemicals Order the smallest amount of chemicals Use less hazardous materialsUse less hazardous materials Properly and completely label waste Properly and completely label waste

containerscontainers No hazardous materials down the drainNo hazardous materials down the drain When in doubt - ask!When in doubt - ask!

Now let’s go over some safety equipment

Handle volatiles Handle volatiles and weigh and weigh hazardous hazardous powderspowders

(Protects you)(Protects you)

Keep samples free of contaminants

(Protects work)

Fume Hoods vs. Fume Hoods vs. Biosafety CabinetsBiosafety Cabinets

Pulls air away from youBlows air towards you

Fume HoodsFume Hoods Know the proper use Know the proper use

Work area – 4 inches in from sash planeWork area – 4 inches in from sash plane

Flow rates are tested regularlyFlow rates are tested regularly

Should not be used for chemical storage Should not be used for chemical storage andand used used as working hoodas working hood

If only one hood available use the vented cabinet If only one hood available use the vented cabinet below for all storage and keep work area clearbelow for all storage and keep work area clear

Yellow Hood reserved for Formaldehyde useYellow Hood reserved for Formaldehyde use

Personal Protection Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)Equipment (PPE)

PPEPPE

Available to anyone working in the labAvailable to anyone working in the lab

Must fit the individual wearerMust fit the individual wearer

Must be specific for the hazardMust be specific for the hazard

Individuals should be trained regarding Individuals should be trained regarding

the use and proper wearingthe use and proper wearing

PPE PPE (cont.)(cont.)

Proper Clothing – Long sleeves and pantsProper Clothing – Long sleeves and pants Proper Shoes – No sandals or open toesProper Shoes – No sandals or open toes Safety Glasses or GogglesSafety Glasses or Goggles Gloves – Use the proper type and change Gloves – Use the proper type and change

oftenoften

Lab Coat or ApronLab Coat or Apron Respiratory Protection – when neededRespiratory Protection – when needed

Eye ProtectionEye Protection

Safety Glasses – for Safety Glasses – for projectile hazards projectile hazards (carpentry, glasswork)(carpentry, glasswork)

Safety Goggles – required Safety Goggles – required when there is the potential when there is the potential for a chemical splash for a chemical splash

Chemical-Resistant GlovesChemical-Resistant GlovesChemical-resistant gloves are not totally “chemical-proof”Solvents will eventually penetrate the gloves over time.The thicker the glove, the more resistant it is to solvents.

Thick is better than Thin

No glove material is impervious to all chemicals – ask for guidance.

Lab CoatsLab Coats

Lab coats protect Lab coats protect your skin and your your skin and your clothesclothes

Affordable and Affordable and effective protectioneffective protection

Available outside the Available outside the Marine Chemistry Marine Chemistry Lab (by the stairs) Lab (by the stairs)

Think SafetyThink Safety

Before you do any task, take a moment to consider a safer alternative or a safer way to do the same thing

Never work alone at a potentially dangerous Never work alone at a potentially dangerous activityactivity

Perform authorized work only - Do not Perform authorized work only - Do not operate equipment unless you have been operate equipment unless you have been instructed in its proper useinstructed in its proper use

No food, beverages, tobacco products, or No food, beverages, tobacco products, or application of cosmeticsapplication of cosmetics

NEVER leave a hazardous system NEVER leave a hazardous system unattended unattended

Keep aisles and safety equipment clearKeep aisles and safety equipment clear Think ahead and plan every experimentThink ahead and plan every experiment

Safety Policy in Research Labs

Knowing safety policies and procedures only helps if they

are followed

Good Laboratory PracticesGood Laboratory Practices

No smoking, food or beverages in the labsNo smoking, food or beverages in the labs. .

Students may place food or drinks outside the Students may place food or drinks outside the door and go into the hall to consume them when door and go into the hall to consume them when convenient.convenient.

Good Laboratory Good Laboratory PracticesPractices(cont.)(cont.)

Aisles & exits are free from obstruction. Aisles & exits are free from obstruction.

Backpacks or bags should not be placed in Backpacks or bags should not be placed in the aisles or between tables, they create a the aisles or between tables, they create a tripping hazard and blockage in the event tripping hazard and blockage in the event of a fast exit being required. of a fast exit being required.

Carts should be pushed into the hall (if Carts should be pushed into the hall (if empty)empty)

Lab benches must be cleaned, or Lab benches must be cleaned, or decontaminated after work is completed.decontaminated after work is completed.

This is the your job - please make sure you do This is the your job - please make sure you do it before you leave the labit before you leave the lab

Good Laboratory Good Laboratory PracticesPractices(cont.)(cont.)

Good Laboratory Good Laboratory Practices Practices (cont.)(cont.)

Do NOT leave spilled chemicals on or around Do NOT leave spilled chemicals on or around the balancethe balance

Dispose of spilled or excess chemicals Dispose of spilled or excess chemicals properlyproperly

Wipe down the balance after each use using a Wipe down the balance after each use using a kimwipe, brush or air dusterkimwipe, brush or air duster

Wipe down all surfaces of the balance table.Wipe down all surfaces of the balance table. Return chemicals to proper storage locations Return chemicals to proper storage locations

when finishedwhen finished

While Working in the While Working in the Lab:Lab: Shoes with full Shoes with full

coverage and good coverage and good grip solesgrip soles

Restrain long hair, Restrain long hair, loose clothing and loose clothing and jewelryjewelry

Use appropriate Use appropriate eye, skin, and hand eye, skin, and hand protectionprotection

Working with Chemicals Working with Chemicals on the Boatson the Boats

Inform the skipper of the hazards associated Inform the skipper of the hazards associated with any chemical brought on the boat.with any chemical brought on the boat.

MSDS should accompany any chemical MSDS should accompany any chemical brought on boardbrought on board

All safety policies regarding boating will be All safety policies regarding boating will be followed in addition to all necessary safety followed in addition to all necessary safety gear used in normal lab chemical usegear used in normal lab chemical use

Chemicals should at least be double Chemicals should at least be double containedcontained

Security IssuesSecurity Issues

Lock doors when you leave a roomLock doors when you leave a room

Never prop open an exterior doorNever prop open an exterior door

Know where a telephone isKnow where a telephone is

Know emergency numbersKnow emergency numbers

Report suspicious people in the building Report suspicious people in the building to Gene McKeen campus phone 223to Gene McKeen campus phone 223

You are ready to work in the You are ready to work in the lab when you can answer lab when you can answer

these questionsthese questions What are the hazards of the chemical What are the hazards of the chemical

you are working with?you are working with? How are you protected from those How are you protected from those

hazards?hazards? What do you do in case of an What do you do in case of an

emergency?emergency? Where can you get further hazard Where can you get further hazard

information?information?

You’ve Completed the You’ve Completed the Slide ShowSlide Show

To complete the To complete the safety trainingsafety training:: Take the quiz and score 15 out of 17 or betterTake the quiz and score 15 out of 17 or better Print out and sign the Safety Training Verification Print out and sign the Safety Training Verification

formform Return the form to Lee (ME 039) before Return the form to Lee (ME 039) before

beginning your researchbeginning your research

Thank you