West Virginia West Virginia Department of Department of Environmental Environmental

ProtectionProtection

August 31, 2011

Ravenswood High School

Middle Ohio South Watershed Middle Ohio South Watershed TMDL TMDL

Status Update MeetingStatus Update Meeting

Agenda Agenda ““Introduction to TMDLs” recapIntroduction to TMDLs” recap Overview of Middle Ohio South Overview of Middle Ohio South

Watershed Project and StatusWatershed Project and Status Overview of Allocation Strategies Overview of Allocation Strategies Discussion – Free form questions Discussion – Free form questions

and answers and answers

What’s a TMDL?What’s a TMDL? ““Total Maximum Daily Load” Total Maximum Daily Load”

How much pollutant a stream can How much pollutant a stream can receive and remain healthyreceive and remain healthy

TMDL is a pollution budget – prescribes TMDL is a pollution budget – prescribes reduction of pollutants that result in the reduction of pollutants that result in the restoration of an impaired stream restoration of an impaired stream

TMDL development required by TMDL development required by Clean Water Act for all Clean Water Act for all impairedimpaired streamsstreams

What’s an impaired stream?What’s an impaired stream? Stream that doesn’t meet Stream that doesn’t meet water quality water quality

standardsstandards West Virginia Water Quality Standards are West Virginia Water Quality Standards are

codified in 47 CSR 2 codified in 47 CSR 2 Standards include Standards include designated usesdesignated uses for WV for WV

waters and waters and water quality criteriawater quality criteria to protect to protect those usesthose uses

Criteria can be numeric (concentration less Criteria can be numeric (concentration less than certain number) or narrative (nothing in than certain number) or narrative (nothing in toxic amounts to man or aquatic life)toxic amounts to man or aquatic life)

Impaired streams are on the Impaired streams are on the 303(d) List303(d) List

West Virginia Section 303(d) List / Integrated Report

Numeric Criteria ExamplesNumeric Criteria ExamplesIronIron

Warmwater Aquatic Life use - 4-day Warmwater Aquatic Life use - 4-day average concentration not to exceed average concentration not to exceed 1.5 mg/l more than once every three 1.5 mg/l more than once every three yearsyears

Fecal coliform Fecal coliform Not to exceed 400/100ml (10% monthly Not to exceed 400/100ml (10% monthly

samples)samples) Nor greater than 200/100 ml geometric Nor greater than 200/100 ml geometric

mean (5/month)mean (5/month)

Narrative CriterionNarrative Criterion Biological ImpairmentBiological Impairment

Conditions Not Allowable in State Conditions Not Allowable in State WatersWaters

(47 CSR 2-3.2i) “.....no significant (47 CSR 2-3.2i) “.....no significant adverse impact to the chemical, adverse impact to the chemical, physical, hydrologic or biological physical, hydrologic or biological components of aquatic ecosystems components of aquatic ecosystems shall be allowed.”shall be allowed.”

Biological ImpairmentBiological Impairment WV Stream Condition Index (WVSCI)WV Stream Condition Index (WVSCI)

Standardized sample collection and Standardized sample collection and analysis methodology for aquatic bugsanalysis methodology for aquatic bugs

Multimetric – multiple types of Multimetric – multiple types of information are evaluatedinformation are evaluated

Rating Scale – 0 to 100Rating Scale – 0 to 100

Biological ImpairmentBiological Impairment Streams with WVSCI scores Streams with WVSCI scores < <

60.6 60.6 are considered are considered biologically impairedbiologically impaired

Biological impairment TMDL –Biological impairment TMDL –development process includes development process includes a “Stressor ID” preliminary step a “Stressor ID” preliminary step to identify the pollutant(s) to identify the pollutant(s) causing the impairmentcausing the impairment

TMDL then developed for TMDL then developed for causative stressorcausative stressor

Stressor – TMDL LinkStressor – TMDL Link

Organic Enrichment – Fecal Coliform Organic Enrichment – Fecal Coliform surrogatesurrogate

Sedimentation – Total Iron surrogateSedimentation – Total Iron surrogate

Middle Ohio South Middle Ohio South Watershed ImpairmentsWatershed Impairments

Approximately 88 impaired streams (monitoring)Approximately 88 impaired streams (monitoring) Approximately 200 impairments - Fecal Coliform, Approximately 200 impairments - Fecal Coliform,

Total Iron, Biological IntegrityTotal Iron, Biological Integrity Does not include mainstem Ohio RiverDoes not include mainstem Ohio River

Subwatershed Stream Name Code 24K-Code 

Fe FC BIOCrooked Creek Crooked Creek WVO-20.5 OMS-1 X X  Oldtown Creek Oldtown Creek WVO-21 OMS-2 X X XOldtown Creek Turkey Run WVO-21-0.5A OMS-2-D X X XOldtown Creek Potter Creek WVO-21-A OMS-2-F     XOldtown Creek Robinson Run WVO-21-B OMS-2-G X X  Oldtown Creek UNT/Robinson Run RM 2.42 WVO-21-B-0.9 OMS-2-G-1 X XOldtown Creek UNT/Robinson Run RM 3.33 WVO-21-B-2 OMS-2-G-3 X X  Oldtown Creek Trace Fork WVO-21-C OMS-2-M X X  Mill Run Mill Run WVO-22 OMS-4 X X XTenmile Creek Tenmile Creek WVO-23 OMS-6 X X XTenmile Creek UNT/Tenmile Creek RM 4.13 WVO-23-B.5 OMS-6-C   X  Tenmile Creek UNT/Tenmile Creek RM 5.33 WVO-23-C OMS-6-D X   XSliding Hill Creek Sliding Hill Creek WVO-24 OMS-11 X X XSliding Hill Creek UNT/Sliding Hill Creek RM 1.25 WVO-24-A OMS-11-A X X XBroad Run Broad Run WVO-25 OMS-12 X X  Little Broad Run Little Broad Run WVO-26 OMS-13 X X XWest Creek West Creek WVO-27 OMS-14 X X  Little Mill Creek Little Mill Creek WVO-31 OMS-23 X X XMill Creek Mill Creek WVO-32 OMS-24 X X XMill Creek Bar Run WVO-32-C OMS-24-P X X XMill Creek Cow Run WVO-32-D OMS-24-U X X XMill Creek Right Fork/Cow Run WVO-32-D-1 OMS-24-U-7 X X  Mill Creek Left Fork/Cow Run WVO-32-D-2 OMS-24-U-8 X X XMill Creek Parchment Creek WVO-32-H OMS-24-AF X X XMill Creek Grass Run WVO-32-H-4 OMS-24-AF-11 X X  Mill Creek Cox Fork WVO-32-H-6 OMS-24-AF-17 X X XMill Creek Wolfe Creek WVO-32-H-8 OMS-24-AF-27 X X XMill Creek Sycamore Creek WVO-32-K OMS-24-AN X X XMill Creek Left Fork/Sycamore Creek WVO-32-K-1 OMS-24-AN-1 X X XMill Creek Tug Fork WVO-32-L OMS-24-BA X X  Mill Creek Bear Fork WVO-32-L-4.5 OMS-24-BA-13   X  Mill Creek Grasslick Creek WVO-32-L-7 OMS-24-BA-20 X X XMill Creek Stonelick Creek WVO-32-L-7-B OMS-24-BA-20-D   X  Mill Creek Bear Fork WVO-32-L-8 OMS-24-BA-21   X XMill Creek Laurel Run WVO-32-L-8-B OMS-24-BA-21-B   X  Mill Creek Elk Fork WVO-32-M OMS-24-BH X X XMill Creek Little Mill Creek WVO-32-N OMS-24-BI X X XMill Creek Joes Run WVO-32-N-2 OMS-24-BI-3 X X  Mill Creek Frozencamp Creek WVO-32-N-3 OMS-24-BI-9 X X XMill Creek Big Run WVO-32-N-4 OMS-24-BI-10 X X  Mill Creek Right Fork/Big Run WVO-32-N-4-B OMS-24-BI-10-C   X  Mill Creek Left Fork/Big Run WVO-32-N-4-C OMS-24-BI-10-D   X  Mill Creek Little Creek WVO-32-N-5 OMS-24-BI-12   X XMill Creek Poplar Fork WVO-32-N-5-B OMS-24-BI-12-H   X  

Subwatershed Stream Name Code 24K-Code  Fe FC BIO

Mill Creek Buffalo Creek WVO-32-N-6 OMS-24-BI-17   X XSpring Creek Spring Creek WVO-33 OMS-25   X XCedar Run Cedar Run WVO-34 OMS-28   X XSandy Creek Sandy Creek WVO-36 OMS-30 X X XSandy Creek Straight Fork WVO-36-C OMS-30-G   X  Sandy Creek Crooked Fork WVO-36-D OMS-30-K X X XSandy Creek Trace Fork WVO-36-G OMS-30-O   X XSandy Creek Beatty Run WVO-36-H OMS-30-P X X XSandy Creek Right Fork/Sandy Creek WVO-36-I OMS-30-S X X XSandy Creek Biglick Run WVO-36-I-4 OMS-30-S-11   X  Sandy Creek Fallentimber Run WVO-36-I-10 OMS-30-S-22   X  Sandy Creek Cabin Run WVO-36-I-12 OMS-30-S-24 X X  Sandy Creek Left Fork/Sandy Creek WVO-36-J OMS-30-R X X XSandy Creek Copper Fork WVO-36-J-1 OMS-30-R-1 X X XSandy Creek Turkey Fork WVO-36-J-3 OMS-30-R-8   X XSandy Creek Nesselroad Run WVO-36-J-5 OMS-30-R-15 X X XSandy Creek Redbush Run WVO-36-J-5-C OMS-30-R-15-F X X  Sandy Creek Maulecamp Run WVO-36-J-5-E OMS-30-R-15-L X X  Sandy Creek Lockhart Fork WVO-36-J-8 OMS-30-R-29 X X  Little Sandy Creek Little Sandy Creek WVO-38 OMS-32   X  Little Sandy Creek Roadfork Run WVO-38-A OMS-32-E X X  Washington Run Washington Run WVO-41 OMS-35 X X XPond Creek Pond Creek WVO-43 OMS-44 X X XPond Creek Little Pond Creek WVO-43-D OMS-44-F X X  Pond Creek Jesse Run WVO-43-D-2 OMS-44-F-2 X   XPond Creek UNT/Jesse Run RM 0.44 WVO-43-D-2-0.5A OMS-44-F-2-A X    Pond Creek Jerrys Run WVO-43-H OMS-44-X X X  Pond Creek Joshus Fork WVO-43-K OMS-44-AI X X  Lee Creek South Fork/Lee Creek WVO-44-A OMS-46-A X X XLee Creek Middle Fork/South Fork/Lee Creek WVO-44-A-1 OMS-46-A-1   X  Lee Creek Willow Run WVO-44-A-2 OMS-46-A-13   X  Lee Creek North Fork/Lee Creek WVO-44-B OMS-46-B X X XLee Creek Woodyards Run WVO-44-B-2 OMS-46-B-24 X X  Lee Creek Gunners Run WVO-44-B-4 OMS-46-B-31   X XSandy Creek Sandy Creek WVO-46 OMS-57 X X XSandy Creek Vaughts Run WVO-46-A OMS-57-D X X XSandy Creek UNT/Sandy Creek RM 4.97 WVO-46-J OMS-57-O   X XPond Run Pond Run WVO-48 OMS-65 X X XPond Run Little Pond Run WVO-48-A OMS-65-A X X XBriscoe Run Briscoe Run WVO-49 OMS-66 X X XBig Run Big Run WVO-50 OMS-69   X XBig Run Williams Creek WVO-50-A OMS-69-B X X  Big Run Plum Run WVO-50-B OMS-69-F   X XBig Run Hogland Run WVO-50-D OMS-69-J X X X

TMDL ComponentsTMDL Components

TMDL =TMDL =WLA WLA ++ LALA ++ MOSMOS Pollutant allocations to point sources are Pollutant allocations to point sources are

called called wasteload allocations (WLA)wasteload allocations (WLA) Pollutant allocations to nonpoint sources Pollutant allocations to nonpoint sources

are called are called load allocations (LA)load allocations (LA) TMDLs must include a TMDLs must include a margin of safety margin of safety

(MOS)(MOS); Explicit 5% MOS is used; Explicit 5% MOS is used

WVDEP TMDL Process (4 WVDEP TMDL Process (4 yrs)yrs)

Stream SelectionStream Selection Pre-TMDL monitoring, source identification Pre-TMDL monitoring, source identification

and characterizationand characterization Contract to model water quality and Contract to model water quality and

hydrology hydrology Determine baseline condition and allocate Determine baseline condition and allocate

pollutant loadspollutant loads Report developmentReport development Finalization and EPA approvalFinalization and EPA approval

MDAS ModelMDAS Model

Watershed Model Watershed Model Runs dynamically on a 1-hour time stepRuns dynamically on a 1-hour time step Represents land use (hydrologic Represents land use (hydrologic

processes) and river processesprocesses) and river processes Can include nonpoint and point sourcesCan include nonpoint and point sources Streambank Erosion component - Bank Streambank Erosion component - Bank

Pin StudyPin Study

Bank Erosion Pin StudyBank Erosion Pin Study December 2009-March 2011, ongoingDecember 2009-March 2011, ongoing 87 total sites with 4-10 pins/site87 total sites with 4-10 pins/site 5 measurements/site5 measurements/site Total Erosion rate: 0 - ~300 mm (11.8 in)Total Erosion rate: 0 - ~300 mm (11.8 in) Most erosion occurs after freeze-thaw Most erosion occurs after freeze-thaw

cycle (barren banks)cycle (barren banks) Correlate erosion rate with bank Correlate erosion rate with bank

conditions & land use.conditions & land use.

Modeling ApproachModeling Approach Segment watershedSegment watershed Configure model to represent all sources Configure model to represent all sources Calibrate model for hydrology (flow) and Calibrate model for hydrology (flow) and

water qualitywater quality Iron Iron FecalFecal SedimentSediment

Run MDAS for Baseline conditions Run MDAS for Baseline conditions (existing)(existing)

Run MDAS for TMDL scenario(s)Run MDAS for TMDL scenario(s)

0.5

0.75

1

1.25

1.5

1.75

2

2.25

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Simulation Period(Days)

Iron,

Tot

al (m

g/L)

Water Quality Criteria TMDL Target (WQ Criteria & 5%MOS)

Baseline Condition TMDL Condition

®

0 5 10 15 202.5Miles

OMS_TMDL WatershedsBig Run

Briscoe Run

Broad Run

Cedar Run

Crooked Creek

Lee Creek

Little Broad Run

Little Mill Creek

Little Sandy Creek

Mill Creek

Mill Run

Oldtown Creek

Pond Creek

Pond Run

Sandy Creek

Sliding Hill Creek

Spring Creek

Tenmile Creek

Washington Run

West Creek

Middle Ohio South Middle Ohio South WatershedWatershed

Approximately 88 impaired Approximately 88 impaired streams streams

Approximately 200 Approximately 200 impairmentsimpairments

486 subwatersheds 486 subwatersheds delineated where model delineated where model makes water quality makes water quality predictionspredictions

Project does not include Project does not include mainstem Ohio River mainstem Ohio River

Middle Ohio South Middle Ohio South Project StatusProject Status

Completed:Completed:

Monitoring Monitoring Source tracking Source tracking Baseline Baseline

Modeling Modeling (ongoing)(ongoing)

Bio. Stressor IdsBio. Stressor Ids Status Update Status Update

MeetingMeeting

Next Steps:Next Steps:

AllocationsAllocations Draft Document Draft Document

Public MeetingPublic Meeting EPA ApprovalEPA Approval

Top-down approachTop-down approach Headwater subwatersheds Headwater subwatersheds analyzed firstanalyzed first Allocation strategy dictates Allocation strategy dictates order and magnitude of reductionorder and magnitude of reduction If necessary, loads are reduced then routed If necessary, loads are reduced then routed

to downstream subwatershedto downstream subwatershed

Allocation Methodology Allocation Methodology

WVDEP priorities:WVDEP priorities: Ensure criteria compliance at all sws outletsEnsure criteria compliance at all sws outlets Target the primary causative sourcesTarget the primary causative sources

Strategy is generalStrategy is general Sometimes only one significant source in Sometimes only one significant source in

swssws Critical conditions must be consideredCritical conditions must be considered Always some amount of professional Always some amount of professional

judgementjudgement

Allocation Methodology Allocation Methodology

Fecal Coliform SourcesFecal Coliform Sources Point sourcesPoint sources

Municipal Facilities (WWTP)Municipal Facilities (WWTP) Package Plants Package Plants Home Aeration UnitsHome Aeration Units CSO (Combined Sewer Overflow)CSO (Combined Sewer Overflow) MS4 entities including DOH (Municipal MS4 entities including DOH (Municipal

Separate Stormwater Sewer Systems)Separate Stormwater Sewer Systems)

Nonpoint sourceNonpoint source Failing septic systems and/or straight pipe Failing septic systems and/or straight pipe

illicit dischargesillicit discharges Stormwater runoff from Non MS4 Stormwater runoff from Non MS4

urban/residential landsurban/residential lands Stormwater runoff from agricultural landsStormwater runoff from agricultural lands

Fecal Coliform StrategyFecal Coliform Strategy 100% reduction of all untreated sewage 100% reduction of all untreated sewage

discharges (failing septics, straight discharges (failing septics, straight pipes) as required by WV Bureau for pipes) as required by WV Bureau for Public Health regulationsPublic Health regulations

Reduction of CSO sources to criterion Reduction of CSO sources to criterion valuevalue

Reduction of MS4s to criterion valuesReduction of MS4s to criterion values Sensitivity analysis to address severity Sensitivity analysis to address severity

of agricultural vs. urban/residential of agricultural vs. urban/residential impacts impacts

Metals (Fe) SourcesMetals (Fe) Sources Point sourcesPoint sources

Discharges from active mining operationsDischarges from active mining operations Non-mining industrial dischargesNon-mining industrial discharges Construction StormwaterConstruction Stormwater MS4 dischargesMS4 discharges

Nonpoint sourcesNonpoint sources Abandoned Mine Lands Abandoned Mine Lands Bond forfeiture sites Bond forfeiture sites Sediment sources (forestry, oil and gas, roads, Sediment sources (forestry, oil and gas, roads,

agriculture, non MS4 urban/residential, agriculture, non MS4 urban/residential, streambank erosion) streambank erosion)

Total Iron StrategyTotal Iron Strategy Reduction of AML to practical limits Reduction of AML to practical limits

(undisturbed forest loading for surface (undisturbed forest loading for surface disturbances; water quality criteria values disturbances; water quality criteria values for seeps for seeps

If metals are strongly associated with TSS, If metals are strongly associated with TSS, reduction order is AML, sediment sources reduction order is AML, sediment sources including MS4 entities, then active mining including MS4 entities, then active mining permits and bond forfeiture sites permits and bond forfeiture sites

If no metals/TSS correlation, proposed If no metals/TSS correlation, proposed order is AML, bond forfeiture sites and order is AML, bond forfeiture sites and active mining permitsactive mining permits

Middle Ohio South WatershedMiddle Ohio South WatershedTMDL Path ForwardTMDL Path Forward

DEP/Tetra Tech will allocate loads and DEP/Tetra Tech will allocate loads and wasteloads and develop draft reportwasteloads and develop draft report

Formal public comment period and public Formal public comment period and public meeting on the draft TMDLs in meeting on the draft TMDLs in first first quarter of 2012quarter of 2012

DEP will address comments, prepare final DEP will address comments, prepare final draft and submit to EPA for approval draft and submit to EPA for approval (final draft will include Response (final draft will include Response Summary)Summary)

Contact InformationContact Information Comments should be submitted to Steve Young at Comments should be submitted to Steve Young at

Stephen.A.Young@wv.gov (10 meg limit for email)(10 meg limit for email) Questions - contact Dave Montali, Jim Laine, Ben Questions - contact Dave Montali, Jim Laine, Ben

Lowman, Mike McDaniel Lowman, Mike McDaniel (304) 926-0499(304) 926-0499 David.A.Montali@wv.gov, ,

James.C.Laine@wv.gov, , Benjamin.M.Lowman@wv.gov, or, or

Michael.L.McDaniel@wv.gov

Discussion…..Discussion…..