Wendy Welch

ADAPTING THE ARC HYDRO DATA MODEL AND TOOLS TO A

HYDROGEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK KITSAP PENINSULA, KITSAP, MASON AND

PIERCE COUNTIES, WASHINGTON

• Background

• Research Problem

• Proposed Methods• Geology Component• Borehole Component• Hydrostratigraphy Component

• Conclusion• Projected Timeline• Anticipated Results

• References

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

• USGS WA Water Science Center• Collects statewide

hydrologic data (surface and groundwater data)

• Performs water resource investigations (quality and quantity)

• Work with federal, state and local agencies to solve water issues

BACKGROUNDU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROJECTS

• Definition: 3D model of the subsurface hydrogeologic units; water bearing aquifers and confining units

• Needed for greater understanding of groundwater characteristics and flow directions.

• Created by incorporating hydrogeologic and geologic maps, well logs with borehole data and cross sections.

• Can be used for conceptual understanding or as input to numerical flow and transport simulation models

BACKGROUNDHYDROGEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK

• Surficial geologic maps compiled from variety of sources and merged into one shapefile.

• Well data is retrieved from USGS NWIS (National Water Information System) database• MS Excel is used to store and manage well data• Well data is exported to shapefile format for plotting in Arc Map

• Cross sections are made using A Prime’s CrossView in Arc Map

• Hydrogeologic unit (HGU) assignments are made and edited in Excel tables

• Surfaces representing the tops of each HGU are interpolated using Spatial Analyst tools

• Final surfaces viewed in CrossView

BACKGROUNDCURRENT METHODS

• Kitsap GW study• ~790 sq. miles• 20 1:24k

geologic maps merged• >2,000 wells

with lithologic information• 11 unique

hydrogeologic units (aquifers and confining units)

BACKGROUNDCASE STUDY

• Arc Hydro Groundwater (AHGW) is a data model and related set of tools for managing, analyzing and visualizing groundwater information

• Originally Arc Hydro was developed for surface water resources. Expanded to include groundwater data • Gil Strassberg developed AHGW data model for doctoral studies at University of

Texas at Austin Center for Research in Water Resources

• Data model components:

BACKGROUNDARC HYDRO DATA MODEL COMPONENTS

Image from Strassberg and others, 2010

3 Toolsets developed by Esri and AquaveoTM that use groundwater information from the data model as a foundation.•Groundwater Analyst• Import existing data into AHGW data model (geodatabase)• Edit attributes• Manage well data

•Subsurface Analyst• Visualizing borehole logs• Creating and editing cross sections• Making 2D sections and volumes

•MODFLOW Analyst• Create, archive and visualize MODFLOW models

*not used for this project

BACKGROUNDARC HYDRO GROUNDWATER TOOLS

• USGS allows for a lot of freedom for scientists to select methods and software that are appropriate for their individual projects.

• Benefits: • Fosters curiosity in new technology.• Flexibility in determining best fit.

• Challenges: • Difficult to coordinate users if communication is limited.• Inefficient process if individuals are researching new software

independently.• Hard to share or incorporate data from other projects, even within one

science center if data is not managed in a universal structure

RESEARCH PROBLEMNEED FOR STRUCTURE

• Helps to standardize groundwater and hydrogeologic datasets and maintain organization

• Geodatabase design is scalable – elements can be added or removed but the basic structure remains

• Data model and tools work within ArcGIS - the standard GIS software of the USGS

• Tools have 3D visualization and analytic advantages over current methods

RESEARCH PROBLEMWHY AHGW?

• Geodatabase can be imported from tool in Groundwater Analyst

• Gdb can be customized to meet project needs

• Coded value domains for certain attributes are used to increase efficiency and maintain integrity of data when editing

• Features are related using HydroID attribute

PROPOSED METHODSAHGW GEODATABASE

• Geologic maps form starting point for hydrogeologic studies• Represent geologic units at

land surface• Kitsap project required

compilation and edge-matching over 20 1:24,000 geologic map quadrangles

• When final shapefile of surficial geology is complete, data is loaded into the GeologyArea polygon feature class of the AHGW geodatabase

PROPOSED METHODSGEOLOGY COMPONENT

• BoreholeLog table• Represents vertical data along borehole• Relates to HydroID of Well feature class using WellID• Data is loaded from MS Excel into BoreholeLog table using data loader wizard

PROPOSED METHODSBOREHOLE COMPONENT

• Hydrogeologic units are assigned to different elevations along borehole.• HGU assignments

are the basis for further analysis and processing• Subsurface Analyst

tools used to create:• Cross sections• Top surfaces• Fence diagrams• Volumes

PROPOSED METHODSHYDROSTRATIGRAPHY COMPONENT

Image from Strassberg and others, 2010

• December 2012• Import current data into geodatabase

• January 2013• Create cross sections and assign HGU top elevations to wells • Interpolate HGU surfaces from tops

• February 2013• Build 3D fence diagrams and volumes in Arc Scene

• March-April 2013• Finalize report and presentation for Symposium

CONCLUSIONPROJECTED TIMELINE

• Adapting a universal system design will:• Improve data management• Increase efficiency• Expand ability to communicate 3D concepts

• Presentation of results•WA Hydrogeology Symposium, April 2013

CONCLUSIONANTICIPATED RESULTS

REFERENCES

Jacobsen, L. J., Glynn, P. D., Phelps, G. A., Orndorff, R. C., Bawden, G. W., & Grauch, V. J. S., 2011, Chapter 13: U.S. Geological Survey - A synopsis of three-dimensional modeling: Illinois State Geological Survey Circular 578, p. 69-79.

Reilly, T.E., 2004, A Brief History of the contributions to ground water hydrology by the U.S.

Geological Survey. Ground Water, v. 42, no. 4, p. 625-631. http://pubs.usgs.gov/article/groundwater/2004/vol42.html [Accessed November 21, 2012]

Strassberg, G., Jones, N.L. and Lemon, A., 2010, Arc Hydro Groundwater Data Model and Tools: Overview and Use Cases: Aqua mundi – Journal of Water Sciences, p. 101-114. http://www.acquesotterranee.com/rivista/arc-hydro-groundwater-data-model-and-tools-overview-and-use-cases?language=en [Accessed October 15, 2012]

Strassberg G., Jones, N.L. and Maidment, D.R. 2011. Arc Hydro Groundwater: GIS for

Hydrogeology. ESRI Press. Redlands, CA, 160pp. Welch, W.B., 2012, GEOG 897D Final Project; Arc Hydro Groundwater Data Model and Geodatabase

Design, The Pennsylvania State University.