Wellbore Integrity Restoration - IADC.org...2016/06/04  · The loss of production casing integrity...

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Wellbore Integrity Restoration DIMAS AZUAJE, Well Integrity Champion LUIS GODOY, Product Line Specialist IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

Transcript of Wellbore Integrity Restoration - IADC.org...2016/06/04  · The loss of production casing integrity...

  • Wellbore Integrity Restoration DIMAS AZUAJE, Well Integrity Champion

    LUIS GODOY, Product Line Specialist

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

  • © 2015 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

    Outline

    Wellbore Integrity Industry Challenges Restoring Wellbore Integrity – The Process Q&A

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    Anything in common?

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    A WELLBORE INTEGRITY PROBLEM

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    Asset Lifecycle

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation NotesUpfront finding and development cost of oil and gas fields is a significant investment. That investment begins to deliver returns as infrastructure is put in place and wells are put on production. Overtime, as wells begin to age and enter into maturity the amount of production and the economic reward declines. Aging fields typically face age-related casing integrity problems that are critical constraints to their ongoing operations and lead to production decline. The loss of production casing integrity and the influx of water production leads to reduced production efficiency and a number of wells being shut in or abandoned.

    In the midst of a fully developed infrastructure, aging fields represent a tremendous opportunity for operators to reverse declining profits by capitalizing on money already invested. Restoring or improving productivity of wells that are already drilled and producing are the most viable source of increased profits. Using technology to improve production quality and extend the life of wells, delivers a net gain in return on investment.

    Utilization of alternative technology such as expandable liners in mature fields is gaining significant momentum. Wells that would have been abandoned are now getting a second look.

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    Integrity Problems – The Numbers

    OTM Consulting 2011

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    Wells affected by integrity problems - Worldwide

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation Notes1 OTM Consulting 2009. Calculated percentages of global wells (oil & gas) operatingunder dispensation or shut-in permanently or temporarily. Global averages developedfrom OTM’s internal regional market models for all oil and gas wells. Issue fractionsweighted by number of wells per region.2. BP Statistical review of world energy 2010; US EIA-28 2009; OTM Consulting2011. 2009 oil production 79,948 thousand bopd; 2009 gas production 284.5 billioncubic feet per day, 50,271 thousand boepd. Average 2009 oil price $61/bbl, averagegas price $4.4/thousand cubic feet ~$25/boe. [BP 2010].Aggregate global lifting costs (combined oil and gas calculated using $ per bbl or boe)$11.50. [US EIA-28, 2009]. Aggregate global revenue oil $49.5/bbl, gas $13.5/boe.Global operating wells oil ~900,000; gas ~1,100,000 [OTM Consulting 2011]Assume 19% of operating wells are shut-in due to integrity issues then productioncomes from oil 729,000 wells (average 110 bopd/well); gas 891,000 wells (average 56/boepd/well).Assume that shut-in wells would produce same average per day then potentialproduction oil is 110*171,000=18,810 thousand bopd; gas is 56*209,000 = 11,704boepd.Therefore lost revenue oil is 18,810*49.50 = $931 million/day; gas is 11,704*13.50 =$158 million/day. Total lost potential revenue is $1,089 million/day.

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    Extending Recovery

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation NotesUpfront finding and development cost of oil and gas fields is a significant investment. That investment begins to deliver returns as infrastructure is put in place and wells are put on production. Overtime, as wells begin to age and enter into maturity the amount of production and the economic reward declines. Aging fields typically face age-related casing integrity problems that are critical constraints to their ongoing operations and lead to production decline. The loss of production casing integrity and the influx of water production leads to reduced production efficiency and a number of wells being shut in or abandoned.

    In the midst of a fully developed infrastructure, aging fields represent a tremendous opportunity for operators to reverse declining profits by capitalizing on money already invested. Restoring or improving productivity of wells that are already drilled and producing are the most viable source of increased profits. Using technology to improve production quality and extend the life of wells, delivers a net gain in return on investment.

    Utilization of alternative technology such as expandable liners in mature fields is gaining significant momentum. Wells that would have been abandoned are now getting a second look.

  • © 2015 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

    What would the first action to take?

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    Evaluate and quantify the problem

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    SecureView℠ Casing and Cement Evaluation Suite of Tools

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    BondView™ tool

    Short and lightweight cement bond tool for horizontal applications

    Cement-to-casing bond assessment

    Cement-to-formation bond assessment

    Applications

    Determine the quality and vertical length of the cement bond between your casing and the formation.

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    PresenterPresentation Notes• Uses a monopole transmitter and 3-ft and 5-ft receivers to acquire amplitude, travel time, signature, and variable-density-log (VDL) measurements.

    • Suited for highly deviated wellbores in which centralization critical for accurate acoustic measurements—is difficult to maintain.

    • The short length and light weight help to eliminate problems associated with inadequate centralization.

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    UltraView™ tool

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    Simultaneous 360° casing and cement coverage and real-time fluid measurements

    Casing inspection – Monitoring internal wear and corrosion – Locating internal and external defects – Analyzing casing thickness – High-resolution wellbore imaging – Casing ovality

    Foam and light cement analysis

    Fluid slowness Acoustic impedance Fluid density Cement evaluation

    Applications

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation NotesAn advanced, high-speed DC motor drives the scanning head—ranging from 3.38-in. (86-mm) to 10.5-in. (266.7-mm) outer diameter—�which enables precision transducer firing that minimizes the risk of missing critical details and improves accuracy.

    An ultrasonic transducer on both the scanning head and body provides 360° casing and cement coverage and identifies channels in the cement map as small as 5°.

    The patented mud chamber provides a continuous mud-property measurement that enables an accurate evaluation of the cement acoustic impedance.

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    FluxView™ tool

    Superior analysis of internal and external casing damage using 360° coverage magnetic flux technology

    Determination of penetration percentage Geometry of internal and external casing defects Long-term, time-lapse corrosion monitoring

    for storage and injection wells Evaluation of anticorrosion system effectiveness

    Applications

    Location and identification of casing hardware Evaluation of perforation performance Establishment of remediation requirements Identification of casing weight or grade change

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    PresenterPresentation Notes• The 360° sensor array and advanced analysis techniques determine percent of defect penetration and evaluate casing geometry inside and outside the casing wall.

    • A powerful samarium-cobalt (SmCo5) magnet produces concentrated levels of magnetic flux in the casing wall. Within this magnetic field, localized disturbances �created by the casing defects cause magnetic flux to leak from the casing. The sensors evaluate the magnetic flux to pinpoint the location and extent of casing damage.

    • The tool response can be modeled for different casing sizes, weights, and grades use the Weatherford pipe library.

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    CalView™ tool

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    Identification of scale, wax, or other deposits in downhole tubulars

    Internal casing corrosion monitoring Casing wear from drilling operations Casing-integrity evaluation before

    sidetracking

    Applications

    Casing trajectory Temperature measurement Drift-diameter calculation Compaction monitoring Deepwater, high-pressure

    casing inspection

    The highest-resolution multisensory caliper tool on the market with a sampling rate ten times the industry standard

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation Notes• The precision-calibrated feeler arms capture independent, radial measurements.

    • The 40-arm and 60-arm CalView tools capture 400 data samples per 3.2 ft (1 m), compared to the industry standard �of 40 samples. No other caliper tool on the market can deliver equivalent resolution at the same logging speeds.

    • The 60-arm tool can be modified to measure casing internal diameters up to 20 in. (508 mm) and can include a �high-pressure housing to raise its pressure rating to 30,000 psi (206.8 Mpa).

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    SecureViewSM Real Result

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    UltraView™ FluxView™ CalView™ BondView™/ UltraView™

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation NotesInitially client called in to log pipe integrity logs, but well had too high of h2s concentration for us to log. They ended up setting a plug and killing the well and squeezing off what they thought was a hole. They drilled out and called us out to log across where they had squeezed with urs, cbt, cit and msc. The combination of the logs explained what we were looking at. The caliper read the bit they had drilled out the cement with. The cit showed lack of metal due to parted connection. The urs showed that the caliper was reading cement, until it reached a channel which was confirmed by the msc and urs in combination. To summarize, without the cit, the cemented portion of the parted casing would not have been realized due to caliper reading bit. 

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    Now what?

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    Fix it to restore your wellbore integrity

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    Current Solutions

    Cement Squeezes Conventional Liners Straddle Packers Expandable Liners

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation NotesExpandables are also beneficial for maximizing pass through ID in cased hole applications.Here we see the benefit of using expandables in a casing remediation situation. Although the isolation straddle, conventional liner, and SES cased hole liner all provide sufficient zonal isolation, the expandable maximizes pass through ID which can allow for larger completions or bigger completion tools.

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    Tubular Expansion

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    PresenterPresentation NotesSteel liners, however, proved limited in their application. Due to the nature of the thin wall and relatively short lengths. These steel patches were limited to cased hole repair.Through the advent of expanding solid casing began the evolution of Solid Expandable Systems. These systems were then employed to address open hole challenges.

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    Cold Working

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    Solid Cone Expansion

    The cone expands the pipe below the ultimate

    tensile limit

    The cone expands the pipe beyond the elastic limit

    (yield point)

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    Bigger ID

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    PresenterPresentation NotesExpandables are also beneficial for maximizing pass through ID in cased hole applications.Here we see the benefit of using expandables in a casing remediation situation. Although the isolation straddle, conventional liner, and SES cased hole liner all provide sufficient zonal isolation, the expandable maximizes pass through ID which can allow for larger completions or bigger completion tools.

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    One Time, Permanent Solution

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    MetalSkin® Cased-hole Liner

    Expandable connections – Enables to run short or long liners

    Thick wall pipe (0.254” – 0.375”)

    No cement required

    No drill-out required

    Typically ID is reduced from 0.6 to 0.8 inches

    Cover wide range of applications – Unsupported base casing pressure rating

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    Flexibility

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    Running Sequence

    MetalSkin® Cased-Hole Liner (MCL) Animation

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    Dealing with Restrictions

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    Find it & Fix it Approach

    Allows operators to extend the economic life of the field

    Enables achievement of predictable results

    Ensures optimal completions and re-entry due to bigger ID preservation

    Expandables are not for every application

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

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    Q & A WELLBORE INTEGRITY RESTORATION SERVICES

    IADC TECHNOLOGY FORUM

    Slide Number 1OutlineAnything in common?Asset LifecycleIntegrity Problems – The NumbersExtending RecoveryWhat would the first action to take?SecureView℠ �Casing and Cement Evaluation Suite of ToolsBondView™ toolUltraView™ toolFluxView™ toolCalView™ toolSecureViewSM Real ResultNow what?Current SolutionsTubular ExpansionCold Working Bigger IDOne Time, Permanent SolutionMetalSkin® Cased-hole LinerFlexibilityRunning SequenceDealing with Restrictions Find it & Fix it ApproachQ & A