Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW)
Submerged-Arc Welding (SAW)
Submerged-Arc Welding (SAW)
Gas Metal-Arc Welding (GMAW)or
Metal Inert Gas Welding(MIG)
Flux-Cored Arc-Welding (FCAW)
Flux-Cored Arc-Welding (FCAW)
Electrogas Welding (EGW)
Electrogas Welding (EGW)
Electroslag Welding (ESW)
Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding (GTAW)
Plasma-Arc Welding (PAW)
Thermit Welding (TW)
Electron Beam Welding (EBW)
Laser Beam Welding (LBW)
Ultrasonic Welding (USW)
Friction Welding (FRW)
Resistance Welding (RW)
Resistance Seam Welding (RSEW)
Resistance Projection Welding (RPW)
Explosion Welding (EXW)
Diffusion Bonding (DFW)
Diffusion Bonding (DFW)
Regions in a Fusion Weld Zone
Incomplete Fusion
Discontinuities in Fusion Welds
Cracks in Welded Joints
Distortion After Welding
Destructive Techniques
Destructive Techniques
Testing of Spot Welds
(a)Tension shear test for spot welds.(b) Cross-tension test., (c),Twist test, (d) Peel test