Welcome to Oak Ridge National Laboratory to Oak Ridge National Laboratory Presented to ... resistant...

UT-BattelleDepartment of Energy

Welcome to

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Presented toFusion Power Associates

James B. RobertoDeputy for Science and Technology

December 4, 2007Oak Ridge, Tennessee

2 UT-BattelleDepartment of Energy

ORNL in 1943The Clinton Pile was the world’s first

continuously operated nuclear reactor

Oak Ridge National Laboratory evolved

from the Manhattan Project

2 Managed by UT-Battellefor the Department of Energy


• World’s most powerfulopen scientificcomputing facility

• Nation’s largestconcentrationof open sourcematerials research

Today, ORNL is DOE’s largest science

and energy laboratory

Today, ORNL is DOE’s largest science

and energy laboratory

• $1.1B budget

• 4,200 employees

• 3,000 researchguests annually

• $300 million investedin modernization

• Nation’s most diverseenergy portfolio

• Bringing the $1.4BSpallation NeutronSource into operation

• Managing the billion-dollar U.S. ITER project


The University of TennesseeKnoxville, Tennessee

BattelleColumbus, Ohio

UT-Battelle has managed ORNL

since April 2000

Limited LiabilityCompany


Energy has moved to the top

of the international policy agenda

• Public and policy dialogue are increasinglyfocused on energy, broadly defined

– Energy generation, distribution,and consumption

– Environmental impacts of energy use

– National security implications

– Economic consequences

• Addressing these issuesprovides an enduring missionfor the DOE national laboratories

– A “very big and difficult problem” (Weinberg)

– Similar to the national security missionthat resulted in the birth of the DOE complex

– Critically dependent on the bestscience and technology



Fossil fuels are the source

of most of the nation’s energyTotal U.S. energy consumption, 2006: ~100 quads

Nonfossil sources: ~15 quads

Source: Annual Energy Review 2006,Energy Information Administration

Quadrillion Btu

Solar, 0.07

Wind, 0.258

Geothermal,0.349

Hydroelectric,2.889

Biomass,3.227

Coal,23%

Nuclearelectric power, 8%

Natural gas,22%

Renewableenergy, 7%

Crude oil,40%

7 UT-BattelleDepartment of Energy ETEC_0711

World energy consumption is projected

to increase by 57% from 2004 to 2030

Source: International Energy Outlook 2007, DOE/EIA-0484(2007),

Energy Information Administration, May 2007

308.6 347.3 365.6 399.6 446.7511.1 559.4 607 653.6 701.6

1985 1990 1995 2000 2004 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Qu

ad

rillio

n B

tu



CO2 emissions and GDP per capita(1980–2004)

UnitedStates

Australia

Brazil

China

India

South Korea

Mexico

UnitedKingdom

Malaysia

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000

GDP per capita (PPP, $2000)

CO

2 em

issi

on

s p

er c

apit

a (t

CO

2)

Russia

Japan

FranceGreece

Source: Steven E. Koonin, Chief Scientist, BPData from UN and DOE EIA

(Russia data: 1992–2004 only)

Ireland

1980

2004�

2004�

1980


How can we meet the energy challenge?

Energy diversityIncrease our energy optionsand reduce dependence on oil

Environmentalimpacts of energy

Improve environmental qualityby reducing greenhouse gasemissions and environmentalimpacts to land, water, and airfrom energy production and use

Energyinfrastructure

Create a more flexible, morereliable, and higher capacityU.S. energy infrastructure

Energyproductivity

Cost-effectively improvethe energy efficiencyof the U.S. economy

We need transformational discoveries

and truly disruptive technologies

10 UT-BattelleDepartment of Energy ETEC_0711

ORNL is uniquely positioned to deliver

science and technology for energy

We have an extraordinary set of assets

• Outstanding tools for materials R&D

• World’s most powerful systemfor open scientific computing

• New Bioenergy Science Center

• The nation’s broadest portfolio of energy programs

• Unique resources for nuclear technology

• Robust national security programs

Our challenge:Use these assetsto deliver results

that are significanton both the

national and theinternational scale



Studying materials with the world’s best

resources for neutron scatteringThe $1.4 billion

SpallationNeutron Source

is the world’smost powerfulpulsed neutron

source

The High FluxIsotope Reactor

offerscomplementary

capabilitiesincluding the

world’s brightestcold source

Thousandsof researchers

will cometo Tennessee

each year to usethese facilities

The UT-ORNLJoint Institute forNeutron Sciencesprovides a usergateway for SNS

and HFIR

11 Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy


High Flux

Isotope Reactor

• One of two high-flux reactors for neutronscattering worldwide

• Unique in the western world fortransplutonium element production

• National resource for isotope production,materials irradiation, and neutronactivation analysis

• Recently refurbished (new cold source,reflector, cooling tower, beam tubes,guide hall and instruments, etc.)

• Complementary to SNS

HFIR produces theworld’s highest thermal

neutron flux


Leadership Computing

• Currently operating at 119 teraflops(250 TF later this year, 1000 TF in 2008)

• Focus on computationally intensiveprojects of large scale and highscientific impact

• Teamed with UT to win a secondpetaflop computer funded by NSF

Design ofinnovative

nanomaterials

Understandingof molecular

systems

Climate simulationsto support policy

decisions

Predictivesimulations offusion devices


World-class tools for nanoscale R&D

• Recently completed the $65M Center for Nanophase Materials Research

• Leverages unique neutron scattering and leadership computingcapabilities at ORNL

• Unique facilities for:

– Nanofabrication

– Nanoscale characterization

– Materials synthesis

• Broadly accessible to universities and industry

14 Managed by UT-Battelle for the U. S. Department of Energy


Net-zero-energyhouses

Superconductingcable

BuildingsBuildings

IndustryIndustry

TransportationTransportation

TransmissionTransmission

technologytechnology

HydrogenHydrogen

DistributedDistributed

energy resourcesenergy resources

FossilFossil

FissionFission

RenewablesRenewables

FusionFusion

International fusionexperiment

ConsumptionDistributionGeneration

Addressing the energy challenges

of today . . . and tomorrow


• Developing bio-based solutions forenergy, the environment, and carbonsequestration

• Recently won a $125M DOE grant forcellulosic ethanol research– One of three Bioenergy Science Centers

nationwide

• A $73M investment in bioenergyby the state of Tennesseebrings ORNL, UT, and industrytogether– Includes bioenergy research,

a 5M gal/yr pilot plant, andagricultural incentives for switchgrass

16

OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Transforming the new biology

into bioenergy


• U.S. Domestic Agencyis the first to be established

• U.S. ITER budget growing:–FY07: $60M

–FY08: $160M(President’s request)

–FY09: $214.5M (proposed)

• ITER-led design reviewis completed

• Current U.S. ITERProject activities:–R&D, prototyping, and

design in all areas ofU.S. responsibility

–Follow-up on internationaldesign review

–Providing the ITER Organizationwith staff and project management support

ORNL hosts the U.S. ITER Project Office

17 Managed by UT-Battellefor the Department of Energy CoreULiaisons_0709


ORNL also makes key contributions to

the national program in fusion science

and technology• Materials development

• Plasma theory andmodeling

• Fueling and RFtechnologies

• Atomic physics

• Advanced concepts

– Spherical torus

– Compact stellarator

SciDAC simulations of RF heating efficienciesin NSTX and ITER

Pellet pacing systemfor mitigating disruption

forces and ELMS

High-power ELM-resistant RF antenna


• Coupled End-to-End (CETE) Demonstrationdelivers advancednuclear fuel cycle S&T

• TVA/ORNL/IBM Advanced Fuel CycleDemonstration concept

• Participation in NRC “4-Lab Consortium”supports NRC’s new reactor licensingactivities

• USEC CRADA to develop centrifugetechnology

• Nuclear research facility infrastructure(REDC, HFIR, etc.): $3B+ national asset

ORNL is uniquely positioned to support

advanced nuclear fuel cycle research


ORNL has a large and growing energy

efficiency, renewable energy, and

electricity delivery portfolio• Over $100M in FY 2007

• Largest national lab effort in transportation andindustrial technologies (EERE) andsuperconductivity (OE)

• Significant growth in fuel cells, biomass, andgrid visualization/modeling

• Major national facilities includingthe High Temperature MaterialsLab, National TransportationResearch Center, and BuildingsTechnology Center

“Zero-energy” homes

Light-weight carbon fibermaterials from lignin

Tri-axial superconducting cableinstalled at AEP Bixby


National security S&T has become

a major business line at ORNL

• We are a leading lab for nuclearnonproliferation

• We have a growing role with theDepartment of Homeland Security

• National security S&T builds uponand complements our DOEmissions


$274

$318

New budget authority ($M)

0

100

200

300

FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06

$179

FY07

$468

400

$133

Other NNSA/DOE

DHS

DoD

Nonproliferation

Other WFO

500

22 UT-BattelleDepartment of Energy Overview_0712

We are committed to strong

university partnerships

Major projects

• Bioenergy Science Center

• NSF Track 2 computer

• 4 SNS instrumentsled by university consortia

• More than 200 universitiesCollaborativeresearch

Joint hiring• 58 joint faculty with

8 universities

• Heavy ion research

• Neutron sciences

• Biological sciences

• Computational sciences

• Materials sciences

Joint institutes

• Thousandsof university users

User facilities


• Technology transferroyalties of $18 million

– Reinvested in innovation

• 115 active technologylicenses

• 74 new companiessince April 2000

• Strategic partnerships

– UT, TVA, Southern GrowthPolicies Board, Tech 2020,Tennessee Valley Corridor,ETEC, Battelle Ventures,Innovation Valley Partners,and many others

– S&T Park at ORNL

–Working with over600 industries annually

Technologyportfolios

Entrepreneurialsupport

New toolsfor commercialization

Partnerships withindustry and universities

Local and regionaleconomic development

We use our R&D assets to create

economic growth


Science and Technology Park

Chestnut Ridge CampusEast Campus

West Campus

We are transforming the laboratory


Oak Ridge National Laboratory:Science and technology for the 21st century

Oak Ridge National Laboratory:Science and technology for the 21st century

Welcome to Oak Ridge National Laboratory to Oak Ridge National Laboratory Presented to ... resistant...

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