WELCOME
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Transcript of WELCOME
WELCOME
RAILWAY SECURITY MONITORING SYSTEM
PROJECT GUIDE MRS.M.MANJUSHA PRESENTED BY,
ARUNA.S.J ASWATHY.S ASWATHY.V.G
contents Introduction Existing system Focus on Block diagrams Components Descriptions Working Result and discussion Conclusion Reference
INTRODUCTION
In the rapidly flourishing country like ours, accidents in rail road railings are increasing day by day.
The train accidents cause severe damage to life and property
This project deals with one of the efficient method to avoid train accidents.
Causes for railway accidents Human error. Track problems or adverse weather
conditions. Derailment in curves and bends. Mis-signaling due to fog or mist. Collision between trains
Existing system
Oral communication through telephonic and telegraphic conversations.
LASER Proximity Detector Use of satellites for communication. No combined solution for collision
avoidance and railway gate control
•Collision between trains
•Automatic railway gate control
FOCUS ON
ATMEGA16
IR sensor 1
BASE STATION SIDEBLOCK DIAGRAM
IR sensor 2
IR sensor 3
IR sensor 4
Motor driver
Motor 1
Motor 2
BLOCK DIAGRAMSTrain side
ATMEGA16
Ultra sonic sensor
LCD Display
Motor driver
Motor 1
Motor 2
Trigger
Echo
Components IR Sensor Ultra sonic sensor ATmega16 DC motor Motor driver LCD
IR SENSOR Used for gate control. Works based on detection
mechanism. IR led is used here for detection. Very compact (small size) High performance Low cost
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF IR SENSOR
ULTRA SONIC SENSOR For avoiding collision between train Generate high frequency sound
waves TR 40-12 ultra sonic sensor used here 20 mA power consumption Simple pulse in/pulse out
communication
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF ULTRA SONIC SENSOR
MICROCONTROLLER
Set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single chip.
Micro controller is for entire control. Examples:8051,89c51,PIC,motorola
etc
The micro controller used here is ATMEGA16
ATMEGA16 Used for entire control 40 pin DIP package Low power consumption RISC architecture 512 bytes of EEPROM
PIN DIAGRAM
PORT B
PORT D
PORT A
PORT C
DC MOTOR Runs on direct current Operable directly from rechargeable
batteries Cost effective rotary motion control Fully reversible Consists of stator and rotor Stator –stationary part rotor-rotating with respect to the stator
MAIN PARTS OF DC MOTOR
MOTOR DRIVER(L293D) Quadruple high current half-H driver. 4.5 to 36 voltage range High noise immunity inputs Thermal shut down Contain two in built H bridge driver
circuits
PIN DIAGRAM OF L293D
LCD Liquid crystal display Uses the light modulating properties of
liquid crystals Liquid crystals do not emit light directly more energy efficient Work with almost any µc low electrical power consumption
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Collision between trains UV sensor placed in front of the train Continuously check the presence of train Sensor will emit the TRIGGER signal
continuously Any train in opposite direction ,TRIGGER
signal reflected back as the ECHO signal Train will stop automatically
Automatic railway gate control Sensor sense presence of train 3 km away. Output given to µc µc give instruction to close the gate Gate is closed automatically using DC
motor. Gate is opened after the train is passing
SOFTWARE USED
PROTEUS SIMULATION SOFTWARE
IAR EMBEDDED WORK BENCH ORCAD
Result and Discussion•The sensors sense the input and sends to the microcontroller, where it responds •Gives command to the particular component with predefined algorithm. •The time parameters are crucial which can be easily changed and modified using Micro-controllers. •Thus, this device would work incoherence would help to reduce the train collisions.
CONCLUSION
In this project, an anti-collision system for trains have been designed, simulated and tested.
The simulation has been done using proteus electronic simulation package
Train collisions & rail road accidents are avoided.
Hence it is expected that, major train mishaps can be prevented and human life saved if this system is implemented.
REFERENCE
www.collision-avoidance.org www.konkanrailway.com www.faadooengineers.com www.positronindia.in
QURIES
THANK YOU