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Weight Management & Eating Disorders. A Healthy Weight Height Age Gender Bone Structure Body...
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Transcript of Weight Management & Eating Disorders. A Healthy Weight Height Age Gender Bone Structure Body...
Body image
Body image-mental concept you have of your physical appearance
Don’t compare yourself to othersNormal for people to have different sizes
an shapesAccept characteristics you can’t change
Appropriate Weight
Body Mass Index (BMI)—uses weight in relation to height and age to determine whether you are in an appropriate weight range
Doesn’t take into account muscle
Smart Weight Management
Both overweight and underweight can be unhealthy
Overweight-contributes to heart disease, diabetes, puts strain on muscles and joints
Underweight-contributes to anemia, low energy, other disorders associate w/ poor nutrition
Balance is keyFood supply body w/ energy, physical
activity uses energyCalories-units in which energy is measuredWhen energy taken in and energy used are
balanced, weight remains stableAsk doctor if your think you’re overweight
or underweight
Losing Weight
As a teen, weight gain is natural and healthyMany doctors advise overweight teens not to try
to lose weight, but rather to slow down the rate at which they are gaining
Increase physical activityChoose nutritious foods that are lower in fat and
caloriesCut back on food that are high in calories and
contribute little nutrients
Gaining Weight
Gained slowly and steadilyFood should reflect nutrition guidelinesPlan meals around food you likeTry to eat more frequently and eat larger
portionsSnack on hearty, nutritious foods
Eating disorders
Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to serious health problems or even death
Anorexia nervosaBulimia nervosaBinge eating disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
Eating disorder that involves an extreme urge to lose weight by starving oneself
Drastically reduce the amount of food they eat
Resist efforts of parents/peers to get them to eat more
May greatly increase exerciseGreatly distorted body image
Consequences
Damage to bones, muscles, skin, organs
Can lead to kidney failure
Can lead to heart failure
Lack of energyCold all the timeDry,yellowish skin
Constipation
Abdominal pain
Dizziness
Fainting
Headaches
Growth of fine hair all over body
Warning Signs
Being preoccupied w/ weight
Spending excessive amount of time exercising
Never complaining or expressing negative feelings
Talking about being fat
Devoting time to choosing and preparing food but eating very little
Cutting food into very small pieces
Dramatic weight lossHarshly critical of appearanceDenies being too thinPretending to eat or lying about eatingStrange or secretive food ritualsDieting despite being too thinObsession w/ calorie, fat grams, etc
Dieting vs. Anorexia
Weight loss is viewed as a way to improve health and appearance
Self-esteem is based on more than just weight
An attempt to control weight
Goal is to lose healthy
Viewed as a way to achieve happiness
Self-esteem based entirely on what you weigh and how thin you are
Attempt to control life and emotions
Health not a concern
Treatment
3 componentsRestoring person to healthy weightTreating psychological issues related to
disorderReducing/eliminating thoughts and
behaviors that will lead to recurrence of disorder
Bulimia
Involves bouts of extreme overeating followed by attempts to get rid of the food eaten
Avg. 3000-5000 calories in short periodsPeriods of overeating often done in secretVomiting, laxatives
Consequences
DehydrationElectrolyte imbalanceIrregular heartbeatCloudy thinkingKidney failureDeathWeight gain
Abdominal painChronic sore throatBroken blood vessels in eyesSwollen cheeks and salivary glandsWeakness, dizzinessTooth decay, mouth soresRuptured stomach or esophagus
Warning Signs
Try to hide binging and purgingUsually normal weightLack of control over eatingSecrecy surrounding eatingEating unusually large amounts of food w/
no signs of weight gainDisappearance of food
Going to bathroom after meals, laxativesSmell of vomitExcessive exercisingCalluses or scars on knucklesPuffy “chipmunk” cheeksDiscolored teethFrequent weight fluctuations
Causes
No single cause: social, psychological, biological
Poor body imageDietingLow self-esteemMajor life changesAppearance-oriented professions
Treatment
Breaking binge-purge cycle: monitor eating habits, avoid situations that cause binge, eat regularly, cope w/ stress
Changing unhealthy thoughts or patterns
Binge Eating
Most commonCompulsive overeatingUsually eat large amounts of food at one
time, even when not hungryDo not attempt to get rid of foodExperience feelings of shame or guilt
High cholesterolHigh blood pressureHeart diseaseCertain types of cancerJoint and muscle painIntestinal problems
Warning Signs
Inability to stop or control eatingRapidly eating large amounts of foodEating when your fullHiding food secretly for laterEating normally around others, gorging
aloneFeeling tension that is only relieved by
eating
Embarrassment over what you’re eatingNever feeling satisfied no matter how
much eatFeel guilt, disgust after overeating