Wednesday September 2nd Bell Work:

Define the following vocabulary words

1. Cell:

2. Diffusion:

3. Passive transport:

4. Active transport:

5. Hypotonic:

6. Plasma membrane:

7. Isotonic:

8. Hypertonic:

9. Osmosis:

10.Organelles:

Tuesday September 1st Bellwork: Unit 3 Cells

1. Cell:

2. Diffusion:

3. Passive transport:

4. Active transport:

5. Hypotonic:

basic, living, structural and functional unit of the body

Solutes (solids) moving from a high concentration to a low concentration

Substances move from an area of high concentration to low concentration WITHOUT ENERGY

Substances move across the plasma membrane, against a concentration gradient

The solution outside the cell has a lower solute concentration than inside the cell

Tuesday September 1st Bellwork: Unit 3 Cells

Boundary of the cell, is selectively permeable and made up of a phospholipid bilayer

Concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell

The solution outside the cell has a higher solute concentration than inside the cell

WATER

The solution outside the cell has a higher solute concentration than inside the cell

5. Plasma membrane:

6. Isotonic:

7. Hypertonic:

8. Osmosis:

9. Organelles:

Tuesday September 1st AnnouncementsAnnouncements

1. Exam scores are posted. Class average was 70%

2. If you need to make up the exam you have till conference Wednesday

Chapter 3: Cells3.1: Plasma Membrane

The Plasma Membrane

Cell: the basic, living, structural and functional unit of the body

Plasma Membrane: same as the cell membrane boundary between the

inside and the outside of the cell

crucial in maintaining the cell’s homeostasis

composed of phospholipids and proteins

Structure of the Plasma Membrane

Plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayerphospholipid = Fat

bilayer = 2 layers

Phospholipids contain a head and a tailheads: are hydrophilic (water

loving) and are attracted to water inside and outside the cell

Tails: are hydrophobic (water hating), tails point to the middle of the plasma membrane

Structure of the Plasma Membrane

Plasma membrane is selectively permeableChooses what is allowed in

and out of the cell

Plasma membrane has proteins embedded into it which can carry materials in and out of the cell

Biological Molecules Video (IF WE HAVE TIME)

In Da Club: Crash Course #5

Answer the questions on your note taker which go along with this video. These questions are all possible exam questions.

Transport Across the Plasma Membrane

Substances move through the plasma membrane via passive transport or active transport

Transport Across the Plasma Membrane

Passive TransportSubstances move down a

concentration gradient WITHOUT ENERGY

Diffusion: particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Passive Process

Transport Across the Plasma Membrane

Passive TransportOsmosis: passive process

where WATER moves through the selectively permeable membrane.

Water moves from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

(or from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration)

Transport Across the Plasma Membrane

Passive TransportOsmosis

cell volume remains constant in a healthy body

cells DON’T shrink because of water loss due to osmosis

cells DON’T explode because of water gain due to osmosis

putting cells in certain solutions however can change cell volume

Transport Across the Plasma MembranePassive Transport: Osmosis

cell maintains its normal shape

Isotonic solutions: solution where the concentration of solutes is the same on both sides

Hypotonic solutions:

solution has a lower solute concentration (higher water) than the inside of the cell

water enters the cell faster than it leavescell swells and explodes

Hypertonic solutions:

solution has a higher solute concentration (lower water) than the inside of the cell

water exists the cell faster than it enterscell shrinks

Transport Across the Plasma Membrane

Active TransportSubstances move across the plasma

membrane, against a concentration gradient

area of low concentration to an area of high concentration (opposite of passive transport)

Requires ENERGY in the form of ATP

Substances that move across the membrane by active transport are mostly ions

Na+, K+, H+, Ca2+, I-, Cl-

Check For Understanding 11. The fluid outside of the cell contains more

solutes than the fluid inside the cell2. Type of fat which makes up the plasma

membrane3. When a cell only allows certain things in

and out of it4. The fluid inside the cell contains the same

amount of solutes as outside the cell5. Passive process where water moves from

high water concentration to low water concentration

6. Explain diffusion, in terms of solute concentrations

7. Process which involves ATP

Chapter 3: Cells3.2: Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm: contains all of the cellular contents of the cell, including organelles and the cytosol

Cytosol: surrounds the organelles usually 75-90% water

Organelles:

fluid portion of the cytoplasm

specialized cell structures with specific shapes and specific functions

Cytoplasm

Organelles:Cytoskeleton: composed of

protein filaments

Ribosomes: sites of protein synthesis

Maintains shape and organization of cellular components Responsible for cell movement

Found floating freely in the cytosol or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

Cytoplasm

Organelles:Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER): network of folded

membranes Rough ER:

synthesizes secretory proteins and phospholipids

Smooth ER:

synthesizes fatty acids and steroids (estrogen, testosterone)

releases glucose into the bloodstream stores calcium (Ca2+) ions for muscle contraction

studded with ribosomes, attached to the nuclear membrane

lacks ribosomes, extends from the rough ER

Cytoplasm

Organelles:Golgi Complex(Apparatus):

flat membranous sacs, piled on top of one another

Lysosomes: vesicle formed from Golgi complex

accepts proteins from the Rough ER stores, packages and exports proteins

contains digestive enzymes

digests worn-out organelles and extracellular materials

Cytoplasm

Organelles:Mitochondria: “Powerhouse”

of the cell

inner membrane which is

arranged in folds called cristae

site of ATP production consist of 2 membranes

smooth outer membrane

Matrix: fluid filled cavity in-between the inner membrane and the cristae

Cytoplasm

Organelles:Nucleus: most important part

of the cell

your hereditary units

each body cell has 46 chromosomes

Controls cellular structure and most cellular functions Contains your genes

genes are arranged as chromosomes

23 from each parent

Check For Understanding 21. Contains all of the cellular contents of the

cell2. Stores, packages and exports proteins 3. Contains all of your genes4. Synthesizes fatty acids and steroids5. Known as the powerhouse of the cell6. Digest worn-out organelles and extracellular

material7. Synthesizes secretory proteins and

phospholipids 8. Maintains the cell shape and helps with cell

movement 9. Specialized cell structures with specific

shapes and functions 10. Site of protein synthesis