Wednesday December 3, 2014Mr. Goblirsch – U.S. History

OBJECTIVE – Students Will Be Able To – SWBAT:- Explore the reasons the U.S. entered World War I.

AGENDA:1) WARM-UP: Entering WWI Vocab2) VIDEO CLIP & READING: American entry into WWI3) INVESTIGATING: Why did the U.S. enter WWI?4) WEB: Mobilization – Class Discussion5) CHART: U.S. Military Expansion (Army & Navy)

***MID-TERM Exam Study Guide – up to 10 points EXTRA CREDIT******MID-TERM Exam Study Guide – up to 10 points EXTRA CREDIT***

Entering WWI Vocab WARM-UP: (Follow the directions below)

***5 Minutes***Define the terms below using the glossary of your textbook.1. Lusitania 2. Zimmerman Note

Mobilizing for WarMobilizing for WarGovernment Action / Law /

AgencyWHY? WHAT DID IT DO? HOW? SUCCESS?

Use P. 381-383 - Blue Heading “America Mobilizes”

Selective Service Act

Expanded the Navy

THE WAR HITS HOME During the first two years of the war, America was providing (selling) the allied forces dynamite, cannon powder, submarines, copper wire and tubing and other war material

Both the Germans and British imposed naval blockades on each other

The Germans used U-boats (submarines) to prevent shipments to the North Atlantic Any ship found in the waters around Britain would be sunk

German U-boat 1919

THE LUSITANIA DISASTER United States involvement in World War I was hastened by the Lusitania disaster

The Lusitania was a British passenger liner that carried 1,198 persons on a fateful trip on May 7, 1915

A German U-boat sank the British passenger liner killing all aboard including 128 American tourists

The Germans claimed the ship was carrying Allied ammunition

Americans were outraged and public opinion turned against Germany and the Central PowersMay 7, 1915

1916 ELECTION The November 1916 election pitted incumbent Democrat Woodrow Wilson vs. Republican candidate Supreme Court justice Charles Evans Hughes

Wilson won a close election using the slogan, “He kept us out of war”

That slogan would prove ironic because within a few months the United States would be embroiled in World War I

Wilson

AMERICA EDGES CLOSER TO WAR

Several factors came together to bring the U.S. into the war;

1) Germany ignored Wilson’s plea for peace 2) The Zimmerman Note, a telegram from the German foreign minister to the German Ambassador in Mexico, proposed an alliance Germany promised Mexico a return of their “lost territory” in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona3) Next came the sinking of four unarmed U.S. merchant ships by German subsEncoded message from

Germany to Mexico

(Zimmerman note)

Zimmerman note intercepted by a British agent and decoded

AMERICA DECLARES WAR

A light drizzle fell on Washington on April 2, 1917, as senators, representatives, ambassadors, members of the Supreme Court, and other guests crowded into the Capital building to hear Wilson deliver his declaration of war

Wilson said, “The world must be safe for democracy”

Congress passed the resolution a few days later

Mobilizing for War Part IIMobilizing for War Part IIGovernment Action / Law /

AgencyWHY? WHAT DID IT DO? HOW? SUCCESS?

Use P. 388-392 – Blue Headings “Congress Gives Power to Wilson,” “Selling the War,” & “Attacks on Civil Liberties”

War Industries Board

Railroad Administration

Fuel Administration

National War Labor Board

Food Administration

Taxes & Financing

Committee on Public

Information

Espionage & Sedition Acts

III. Social Changes during WWIA. Men

1. Selective Service Act – 24 million registered, 3 million drafted, 2 million served (prior to war, only 200,000)

2. Opens up job opportunitiesB. Women

1. Over 13,000 women enlisted in navy & marines, volunteered in Army without rank

2. Moved into “male-only” jobs – RxR workers, cooks, dockworkers, construction, coal mining, shipbuilding

3. Served traditional roles – nurses, clerks, teachers, Red cross, sold war bonds

“The services of women during the supreme crisis have been of the most signal usefulness and distinction; it is high time that part of our debt should be acknowledged.” – Woodrow Wilson

4. 19th Amendment – Women’s suffrage

Social Changes during WWIC. African Americans

1. 400,000 served in segregated army units2. Increased job opportunities in cities – automobile industry,

steel mills, munitions plants3. Great Migration – large scale movement of hundreds of

thousands of Southern A.A. to northern cities (New York, Chicago, Philadelphia)

4. Prejudice & tension over jobs = race riots (1917 – St. Louis, 1919 – Chicago)

D. Immigrants1. 1/5 drafted foreign-born2. German & Austrian immigrants targeted3. Anti-German fervor – schools stop teaching language,

remove books w/ Germ authors – refused to play German music, changed some German words (German measles = liberty measles, Sauerkraut = liberty cabbage)

4. Espionage & Sedition Acts – targeted socialists – opposed war & encouraged strikes = sabotaging war effort

WWI Propaganda

Ch 11 Sec 2, 3

II. Raising an ArmyA. May 1917 – Congress passed Selective

Service ActMen Randomly Picked for Military ServiceBlacks put in Segregated UnitsWomen denied army rank, serve non-combat navy & marine positions

B. Expanding the Navy1. Exempted shipyard workers from draft2. Emphasized importance of shipyard work3. Used Mass Production techniques (Reduce Construction

time)

Standardized Parts Assembled at Shipyard

July 4,1918---95 Ships Launched4. Converted commercial & private ships for war

use

III. War at HomeA. Govt takes more economic control

1. Established War Industries Board to supervise war production

2. Established National Labor Board to settle labor-management disputes

3. Established Food Administration to produce & conserve food

B. Selling the War1. Raised money through taxes & selling war bonds

2. Established Committee on Public Information to raise public support for the war

III. War at Home cont’dC. Attacking civil liberties

1. Ger & Aust-Hung immigrants faced discrimination & violence

2. Congress passed Espionage & Sedition Acts

D. Social change1. Great Migration – war-related jobs prompted A.A.

migration from South to Northern cities

2. Women fill jobs that were male-only previously, services during war prompt 19th Amendment

Schenck v. U.S. Review QuestionsDirections: After reading the Schenck v. U.S. case, answer the questions below.

1) What was the argument in the Schenck v. United States case?2) What was the Supreme Court’s decision? What principle did it

establish?