Webinar: Mobility As A Service For Linking Europe (MAASiFiE)Bayerninfo.de Quixxit Moovit Citymapper...

TEKNOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS VTT OY

Webinar: Mobility As A Service ForLinking Europe (MAASiFiE)Jenni Eckhardt, VTTAki Aapaoja, VTTLasse Nykänen, VTT

MariAnne Karlsson, ChalmersJana Sochor, Chalmers30.5.2017

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Agenda

MaaS and MAASiFiEMaaS servicesMaaS business modelsImpact assessmentTechnologyRoadmapRolesNext steps

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MaaS and MAASiFiEMaaS servicesMaaS business modelsImpact assessment

TechnologyRoadmapRolesNext steps

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Project information

Research programme: CEDR Transnational Road Research Programme– Mobility & ITS

Funding partners of ITS & Mobility are the National Road Administrations(NRA) of Austria, Germany, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden,United KingdomResearch Calls are managed by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency

Project duration: 1st June 2015 – 31st May 2017Project coordinator: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd.Project partners:

AustriaTech (Austria)Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden)

Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden)

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Project background and motivation

Changes in our environment…Decreasing importance of owning acarSharing economyModal shift targets (publictransport)SustainabilitySmartphones and applicationsDigitalization and automatization

…require and enable new transport servicesNew mobility services, e.g. car sharing, ridesharing…Strong IT-support for new mobility servicesAccess to services at any time and fromanywhereReal-time informationAutomated passenger and freight services

Emergence of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) can make the use of alternativetransport modes even more attractive

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MaaS definition by MAASiFiE (2016)

“Multimodal and sustainable mobility servicesaddressing customers' transport needs by integratingplanning and payment on a one-stop-shop principle”

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Project structure

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Project main contentMaaS vision, Roadmap 2025 and implementation of MaaS (WP2)MaaS state-of-the-art (WP2+3)MaaS service combinations in different geographical areas (WP3)Business and operator models (PPP & Commercial models) (WP3)

Key performance indicators (KPIs) and impact assessment (WP4)Technology for MaaS (architecture, interoperability, roaming…) (WP5)

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MaaS operators

One-stop-shop: mobilepayment and

routing

Public andprivate parking

Localauthorities

& PTorganizer END-

USERSReal-time

travel chain

Public andregulatory

level

Transport andlogistics service

provider level

Userinterface

Mobility servicelevel

”FLEXIBLE MOBILITYMARKET”

Scheduledpublic transport

services

Telecommunication and transport infrastructure network

Private transportservices

[sharing/renting]On-Demand

public transportservices

Road/infrastructure

authoritiesand ministries

SUPPLYSIDE

3rd party MobileService Providers

Brokerservices

Serviceintegration Reselling

Logisticsservices

DEMANDSIDE

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MaaS in different geographical areas


CitiesObjectives:

Reduce the use private of cars (congestions,parking)Reduce emissions

Based on:Existing public transportExtended with rental and shared cars andbikes…

Suburban areasObjectives:

No need for a 2nd carFirst-/last-mile accessibility

Based on:Park & ride -services, on-demand transportand other services connecting suburban tocity transport services

Rural areasObjectives:

Increase efficiency and utilization rateMaintain sufficient service levelImprove accessibility

Based on:Demand-responsive transport, taxis, bussesand connections to long-haul transport, and carpoolingAdditional services: parcel deliveries, libraryservices, and food and medicine distribution…

National and international levelsObjective:

Offer easy all-in-one packagesBased on:

Long-haul transport including air trafficAdditional services: accommodation, eventtickets, activities…

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Sonera Reissu/TeliaYlläsAround/Telia Yllästiketti

Seinäjoki/SitoTuup Whim

KutsuPlus

Fölix

City Car ClubShareIt Blox CarVedia Taxi

24RentPerille Mobility

UbiGo

VAOSMILE/BeamBeta

WienMobiLabTIM

MyCicero

HannoverMobilBayerninfo.de

QuixxitMoovit

CitymapperDB mobility services

SBB services(publibike/QuicKbike)

Radiuz TotalMobility

Citymapper

STIB+Cambio

Multinational:GoogleMaps

Moovel (Car2Go)Uber (Uber pool)BMW (Drive now)

Myway, WazeBlaBlaCar, ZipCar

SNCFTaM

MaaS andMaaSrelatedservices

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MaaS operator models

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Commercial MaaS models

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Public transport operator and PPP MaaS models

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Operator models in different geographical areas

Commercial Reseller model:Travel agenciesNational and international traveling

Commercial Integrator model:Urban and suburban areasNational/international MaaS

Public transport operator model:Mainly in cities where comprehensive public transport already exists

PPP model:Especially suitable for rural areasPublic actor’s interest to increase the efficiency of subsidized transportation

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Service agreements

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Impact areas (literature study)

Area (examples) Mentioned in relation to MaaSEmissions YCongestion YEfficiency YAccessibility YTravel time YTravel behaviour In terms of modal split/shareCost YSocial inclusion/exclusion YEmployment YSafety N…

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Areas and KPIs (proposed in web survey)

Level Areas and KPIsSocietal level Citizens’ access to mobility; Congestion; Utilisation rate of

vehicles; Changes in laws and regulations; Emissions; …Business level: Private business (New) business models; Business value proposition; No of

customers; Revenue sources; Data sharing; …Business level: Public transport Data sharing; No of customers; Partnerships; (New)

business models; …Individual/user Combining different modes of transport; Modal split;

Satisfaction with transport solution; Perceived accessibilityto transport services; …

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KPIs and impactsLevel

Individual/userlevel

Total number of trips madeModal shift (from car to PT, to sharing, to ...)Combining different modes of transportAttitudes towards PT, sharing, etc.Perceived accessibility to transportTotal travel cost per individual/household

Business/

organisationallevel

Number of customerCustomer segments (men/women, young/old, ...)Collaboration/partnerships in value chainRevenues/turnoverData sharingOrganisational changes, changes in responsibilities

Societallevel

EmissionsResource efficiency (roads, vehicles, land use, ..)Citizens accessibility to transport servicesModification of vehicle fleet (electrification, automation)Legal and policy issues

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Analysis of case studies/pilotsLevel The case of UbiGo in Gothenburg


KPI ImpactTotal number of trips made PositiveModal shift (from car to PT, to sharing, to ...) PositiveCombining different modes of transport - -Attitudes towards PT, sharing, etc. PositivePerceived accessibility to transport PositiveTotal travel cost per individual/household Positive

Business/

organisationallevel

Number of customer (a new service) PositiveCustomer segments (men/women, young/old, ...) (men)

(elderly)Positive/Negative

Collaboration/partnerships in value chain PositiveRevenues/turnover PositiveData sharing PositiveOrganisational changes, changes in responsibilities Positive

Societallevel

Emissions PositiveResource efficiency (roads, vehicles, land use, ..) PositiveCitizens accessibility to transport services ? -Modification of vehicle fleet (electrification, automation) None -Legal and policy issues ? ?

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Analysis of case studies/pilotsLevel The case of SMILE in Vienna


KPI ImpactTotal number of trips made - -Modal shift (from car to PT, to sharing, to ...) PositiveCombining different modes of transport PositiveAttitudes towards PT, sharing, etc. - -Perceived accessibility to transport - -Total travel cost per individual/household - -

Business/

organisationallevel

Number of customer PositiveCustomer segments (men/women, young/old, ...) (men) PositiveCollaboration/partnerships in value chain PositiveRevenues/turnover - -Data sharing - -Organisational changes, changes in responsibilities - -

Societallevel

Emissions ( ) PositiveResource efficiency (roads, vehicles, land use, ..) ( ) PositiveCitizens accessibility to transport services - -Modification of vehicle fleet (electrification, automation) - -Legal and policy issues - -

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Implications

A broader introduction of MaaS has potential to result in overallpositive impacts – but also some negative impactsA few potential conflicts between e.g. individual and societal goalsmust be acknowledged!The business level must receive more attention!Overall, a lack of empirical evidenceA common impact assessment framework should be developed!Financial bodies should demand proper evaluations of pilots andtrials

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MaaS System Architecture – Development process

Initial situation: MaaS ecosystem / value chain findings (Data level Service levelUser) Developing up of the MaaS architecture

MaaS Ecosystem MaaS value chain MaaS System architecture

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Wireless Networks for MaaSMobile networks are available nearly everywhere

Coverage holes and roaming costs bring some problemsUtilizing also WLAN/WiFi hotspots, low-power long-range IoT networks,satellite, and HF radio allow communications practically anywhereanytime

Current 3G and 4G networks provide sufficient performance forcurrent MaaS services

Data rates, delays, reliability and availability are on a satisfactory level5G will bring many new possibilities for MaaS as well

Enables creating connected systems more extensivelyEnables creating more personalised and location-based servicesEnables creating data-intensive solutions

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Roaming in MaaSA single MaaS operator will not be capable of satisfying all mobility of most of itssubscribers but will need help from othersRoaming may be across country borders, means of transports, or regions withina single countryIn principle, roaming is based only on agreements between MaaS operators andopen interfaces

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Technical recommendations: Open data

Open and well specified interfacesData about transport schedules, transport vehicles, currentweather etc. should be made availableUnified data structures in different data sourcesUnified machine readable protocols for updating (push) andretrieving (pull), e.g. Restful (JSON), SOAP, XML, etc.,More sophisticated and optimised algorithms for route planning

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Technical recommendations: Wireless Networks

Handle situations without wireless access coverage in userapplications and ticket reading machinesDue to high roaming costs, alternative ways to be connected(higher WIFI coverage: e.g. in-vehicles)Utilize the upcoming mobile network technology (5G)

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Technical recommendations: Standardization

Applying road transport standards relevant for C-ITS, automation:DATEX IIData content specifications applied to Road and Public transportand related data standards to be used: DATEX II (RT), NETEX/Transmodel, SIRIDigital networks/routing applications: common digital networkgraph (links and nodes for routing) and exchanging information(e.g. based on INSPIRE)

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Next steps

More pilots and services benchmarking of best practices, understandingcontextual factorsEvaluation based on quantitative and qualitative data impacts of MaaS ondifferent levelsRoadmap update what is the direction of MaaSGuidance information, incentives, regulationCollaboration:

National and international: policy making, regulation, technical interoperability…Business sector, public sector, PPPP...

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More infoDeliverables

Eckhardt, J. Aapaoja, A., Nykänen, L., Sochor, J., Karlsson, M., König, D. (2017). Deliverable2: European MaaS Roadmap 2025. MAASiFiE project funded by CEDR.König, D., Eckhardt, J. Aapaoja, A., Sochor, J., Karlsson, M. (2016). Deliverable 3: Businessand operator models for MaaS. MAASiFiE project funded by CEDR.Karlsson, M., Sochor, J., Aapaoja, A., Eckhardt, J., König, D. (2017). Deliverable 4: ImpactAssessment of MaaS. MAASiFiE project funded by CEDR.König, D., Piri, E., Karlsson, M., Sochor, J., Heino, I. (2017). Deliverable 5: Technology forMaaS. MAASiFiE project funded by CEDR.

Journal/conference papersKönig, D., Sochor, J. & Eckhardt, J. (2016). State-of-the-art survey on stakeholders' expectations forMobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) – highlights from Europe. 11th ITS European Congress, Glasgow,Scotland, 6-9 June 2016.Sochor, J., Eckhardt, J., König, D. Karlsson, M. (2016). Future needs and visions for Mobility as aService: Insights from European workshops. 23rd ITS World Congress, Melbourne, Australia, 10–14October 2016König, D., Sochor, J., Eckhardt, J. & Böhm, M. 2016. State-of-the-art survey on stakeholders'expectations towards Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS). 23rd ITS World Congress, Melbourne, Australia,10–14 October 2016.

http://www.vtt.fi/sites/maasifie

http://www.vtt.fi/sites/maasifie

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Webinar: Mobility As A Service For Linking Europe (MAASiFiE)Bayerninfo.de Quixxit Moovit Citymapper...

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