EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONES IN THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF GRADE 11

STUDENTS IN BCU

____________________________________

Presented to:Mr. Jeff C. Feliciano

Baguio Central UniversityBaguio City

____________________________________

In fulfillment of theRequirements for the Grade 11

Practical Research forAccountancy Business and Management

_______________________________________

Arnold Pablo

Mil Janry Poblete

Evett Joy Damilo

Dolly Joy Dionisio

Judy Gayo

Erylle Gumido

May 2018

i

APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled, “EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONES IN THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS IN BCU”, prepared and submitted by ARNOLD

PABLO, MIL JANRY POBLETE, EVETT JOY DAMILO, DOLLY JOY DIONISIO,JUDY

GAYO, ERYLLE GUMIDO, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject of

PRACTICAL RESEARCH, has been reviewed and examined and is hereby endorsed for

acceptance and approval for final defense examination.

JEFF C. FELICIANO

Researcher’s instructor

ii

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

___________________________________

Chairperson

____________________________ _______________________

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment for final defense examination.

iii

ABSTRACT

Name of Institution: BAGUIO CENTRAL UNIVERSITY

Address : Bonifacio Street, Baguio City

Title : EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONES IN THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS IN BCU

Researchers : ARNOLD PABLO

MIL JANRY POBLETE

EVETT JOY DAMILO

DOLLY JOY DIONISIO

JUDY GAYO

ERYLLE GUMIDO

Adviser : JEFF C. FELICIANO

The main purpose of the research is to give solution for the effects of mobile phone in

the academic performance of grade 11 students of BCU. The study was focused on how to

avoid bad effects of mobile phones in order to improve the academic performance of students.

Hence, to attain the purpose of the study the researchers used questionnaires to collect data

from the students. From the answers, the research discusses the results to come up with

recommendations.

iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research would not have been possible without the support, guidance, and

encouragement of the people who continuously believed in the researcher’s ability to succeed.

With sincerity, the researchers like to express her gratitude to those who contributed, helped

and supported her in one way or another in this very rewarding journey.

Most importantly to almighty God who has given the researchers the guidance, wisdom,

patience, and motivation to fulfill another academic endeavor in their life.

To Ms. Cherrie Anne Manuel, adviser of ABM B for her never ending support and

guidance to the students of ABM B.

To Mr. Jeff C. Feliciano for accommodating and giving the chances for the researchers

for making this study possible.

To all respondents who gave their time in answering the questionnaires and all those

who in one way or another contributed to the success of this study. Thank you so much!

Researchers

v

DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to the family of researchers,

Parents,

Teachers,

And

All students

For the unending encouragement, guidance, support and love, you have showed upon us.

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page ------------------------------------------------------------------------- i

Approval sheet ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii

Panel of examiners ------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii

Abstract -------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv

Acknowledgement -------------------------------------------------------------------------- v

Dedication -------------------------------------------------------------------------- vi

List of tables --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1List of figuresChapter I

IntroductionBackground of the study ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2

Theoretical framework ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

Paradigm of the study -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Statement of the problem ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

Scope and delimitation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6

Significance of the study ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7Definition of terms ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chapter IIReview of related literature --------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

Chapter IIIResearch design and methodology -------------------------------------------------------------- 11

Locale and Population --------------------------------------------------------------------- Data gathering tool --------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

Data gathering procedureChapter IV

Results and discussions -------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

Chapter VConclusions and recommendations-------------------------------------------------------------- 21

References ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

AppendicesLetter ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

Questionnaire ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 24

LIST OF TABLESTABLE 1 page 13TABLE 2 page 14TABLE 3 page 15TABLE 4 page 15TABLE 5 page 16TABLE 6 page 16TABLE 7 page 17TABLE 8 page 18TABLE 9 page 18TABLE 10 page 19TABLE 11 page 20

LIST OF FIGURESFIGURE 1 page 13 FIGURE 2 page 14FIGURE 3 page 15FIGURE 4 page 15FIGURE 5 page 16FIGURE 6 page 16FIGURE 7 page 17FIGURE 8 page 18FIGURE 9 page 19FIGURE 10 page 20

1

Chapter I

INTRODUCTIONBackground of the study

As mobile technology becomes a more prominent aspect of everyday life, people are

realizing true power when it comes to the use of mobile devices. These mobile allow for the

enhancement and ease of access to social and business functions (Lu et al. , 2003:2006).

Educational institutions are also starting to realize the potential of mobile technology in the

accessing of educational resources. However, the term mobile phone means different thing to

different people.

To the students, mobile phone is considered to be a social tool rather than a

technological tool. One of the greatest challenges facing mobile phone technology in the world

today is the issue of poor mobile phone etiquette. Today, the advantages of mobile phone are

numerous.

According to Ling (2000), mobile phone usage in schools is a great problem and it is

against the goal and the mission of the school. As we observe today, mobile phones can be

means of distraction. According also to Kanfman (2009), in spite of negative effects, mobile

phone is very effective in education. Mobile phones have a lot of application and tools that

people can use especially for the students. Messages, calculator, internet and many more.

Using these applications helps the students to make their project, assignments so nowadays

most of the students have cellphone. The introduction of mobile communication device no doubt

had impacted education positively and negatively.

2

Theoretical framework

The theory that is adopted in the study is the “theory of learning for the mobile age”. This

theory was created by Mike sharples, Josie Taylor, and Gia semi Vavoula. This theory states

that a society which is mobile is full of channels for the distribution of a change occurring

anywhere, must see to it that its members are wise, they will be overwhelmed by the changes in

which they are caught and whose significance of connections they do not perceived.

This theory explains that we are experiencing similar social and technological disruption

with the internet and mobile technologies providing global access to information and mobility of

knowledge. Every era of technology has to some extent, form education in its own image. That

is not to argue for the technological determinism of education, but rather there is a mutually

productive convergence between the main technological influences or a culture and the

contemporary educational theories and practices.

Input Process Output

Gender *make questionnaires hypothesis:Age *distribute the questionnaire to *distractions during class hours Grade-11 students of BCU *becoming more irresponsible Family status *gather the data to school activities Academic performance *summarize the data gathered *students are becoming lazy

*helps in making tasks easier*better and fast commuca-

tion

3

Paradigm of the study

The operational paradigm of the study of phenomenological study includes the input,

process, and outcome of the study. The input of the study includes the following: gender, age,

family status and academic performance. The process of the study is the following: (1.) make

questionnaire (2.) distribute the questionnaires to the grade-11 students of BCU (3.) gather the

data (4.) summarize the data gathered.

The possible output for this process are the distraction during class hours, becoming

more irresponsible to school activities, students are becoming lazy, for better and fast

communication and it helps in maki8ng tasks easier.

Statement of the problem

The effects of mobile phones on the academic performance of student in BCU, grade-

11, mobile phones have a lot of application and tools that people can use especially for the

students. Messages, calculator, internet and many more. Using these applications helps the

students to make their assignments, their projects and also to communicate other people.

Nowadays, most of the students are using cellphones however mobile phones has also

disadvantages if the students will not use it properly. As we observe for today, there are many

effects of mobile phones in the academic performance of the students. Also, students have

interest in games using cellphones instead of doing their projects and assignments especially

during class. Many students have low grades because of these gadgets. Using cellphones is not

bad but for them to use it, they should use it properly because mobile phone is the one that they

need in their study.

4

The purpose of this research is to discover the effects of mobile phones on the academic

performance of the students in BCU, grade-11. In this research, the results will be used to learn

how to improve the etiquette of the students in handling or using their mobile phones. This

research is very important for them to read, understand and apply it in many ways.

Here are typical and possible questions that are made in the research of mobile phones

in BCU, grade-11 (1.) Do mobile phones affect the academic performance of the grade-11

students of BCU? (2.) How does mobile affect the grade-11 students of BCU in their academic

performance? (3.) What are the effects of mobile phones in the academic in the academic

performance of grade-11 students of BCU? (4.) What are the rules of teacher in using mobile

phones during class hours? (5.) Why do students use their phones in school?

5

Scope and delimitation of the study

The study determines the effects of the factors that determine students’ academic

performance. The data will be gathered at Baguio Central university Senior High School

Department specially the grade-11 students:

ABM

HUMMS

TVL

STEM

Certain variables were included by the researchers to determine the effect of the factors

that affects the students’ academic performance because of the use of mobile phones. These

variables includes: gender, family status, and academic performance.

Significance of the study

In various ways, every study has its own importance and implication. Pursuing this study

will serve and give the readers a number of purposes. The researchers believe that this study

will benefit the following:

Students- as the respondents of this study, this study will prevent the distraction of

students during class hours and they will have more focus on their lessons. As they realize the

effects of the usage of mobile phones, they will learn to prioritize their usage that would benefit

them positively.

6

Teachers- this study will give information to the teachers as to where and when they will

require the use of mobile phones to their students. The information gathered will help the

teachers know the task or activities they will give to the students.

School-this gives information or idea if they will allow the use of mobile phone during

class hours. The school is the one who is in charge if they will let the students use their phones

during class hours or not.

Parents-as they notice the effects of mobile phones to the academic of their child, they

will serve as a lesson for them if they are going to allow their children to handle a mobile phone.

Definition of terms

The following terms will be defined for better understanding in the context stated in the

research

Impact – to have a strong and other bad effect or something or someone

Perceive - to attained awareness and understanding to notice

Mobility- capable of moving

Mutually- share between two or more people

Convergence- independent development of similar characters is a bodily structure

Academic performance- extend to which a student, teacher or institution as achieve their short

or long term educational goals

Global access- international way of getting near to something

7

CHAPTER II

Review of related literature

According to (miller, 2013), a mobile phone is a wireless electronic device used for

telephone and multimedia communications, which means people can bring it and can

communicate anywhere at any time. ( singh, 2011), said that communication is the process to

express his thoughts, ideas, and messages from one person to other person.

These various uses of cellphones can influences teens on their use of cellphones.

Teenagers or students use their cellphones more in communication. They use to message their

friends or people around them. Cellphones is surely is a useful device, it can make students

activities easier, it is used in searching assignments rather than looking for books to read. It is

easy to use because you can use it anytime anywhere. One of the characteristics of mobile

phones is the connectivity and speed, one person can connect to other people by their

messages using cellphones, and by it your messages can be sent immediately. It is also cost

effective because once you bought a mobile phone you can use it anytime it is yours and it

limits costs sending letters to someone you want to communicate with. Here in the Philippines,

Filipinos adapted the mobility and confidentiality of text messages. This has made SMS the

most popular form of private communication.

Reference:

Review of related literature and related studies about mobile phone, retrieved from

https://phdessay.com/review-of-related-literature-and-related-studies-about-mobile-phones/

8

The study aimed to verify whether achieving a distinctive academic performance is

unlikely for students at high risk of smartphone addiction. Additionally, it verified whether this

phenomenon was equally applicable to male and female students. Male and female students

were equally susceptible to smart phone addiction. Both are equal in achieving cumulative

GPAs with distinction or higher within the same levels of smart phone addiction. Furthermore,

undergraduate students who were at a high risk of smart phone addiction were less likely to

achieve cumulative GPAs of distinction or higher.

Students who are at high risk of smartphone addiction are less likely to achieve high

GPAs. Male and female university students are equally susceptible to smartphone addiction.

Both have same levels of smartphone addiction.

Education in the mobile age

Our aim has not been experiential learning, nor to promote learning through informal

knowledge sharing as intrinsically more valuable than institutional education. Instead, we have

not attempted to explore the system of learning enabled by mobility of people and technology,

though an analytic framework that does not assume either that learning arises from individual

experience, nor that education only occurs in a traditional classroom mediated by a teacher. Our

illustration of the mobile learning was located in one of the world’s great educational institutions,

the Uffizi gallery, and we describe the benefits both of receiving of discussing information

provided by expert art historians. Equally, we could have explored learning on a school field trip

or by medical trainees in a hospital.

9

According to Bidaki, et. Al (2013), in accordance to students achievement improvement

and self-regulation. To have higher achievement grades and be a good language user when

communicating with a teacher or colleagues means that the teaching content and the way used

for teaching where both effective. Results of the present study proved that by using mobile

learning, students were more successful in their academic achievement and conversation.

The main idea in their literature is to identify the effects of mobile learning on the

development of student academic achievement and conversational skills. Students can access

their lessons and deliver their assignments via their mobile sets whenever and wherever.

Teachers on the other hand, can upload the teaching materials, assign the roles, determine

discussions and receive student assignment electronically.

According to Dewey (1916), a society which is mobile, which is full of channels for the

distribution of a change occurring anywhere, must see to it that its members are educated to

personal initiative and adaptability. Otherwise, they will be overwhelmed by the changes in

which they are and those significance or connections they do not perceive.

Today, we are experiencing similar social and technologies disruption, with the internet

and mobile technologies producing global access to information and mobility of knowledge.

Every era of technology has to some extent, formed education in its own image. That is not to

argue for the technological determinism of education, but rather that there is a mutually

productive convergence between the main technological influences in a culture and

contemporary theories and practices

10

CHAPTER IIIRESEARCH DESIGNED AND MYTHODOLOGY

Research Design

In this study, the method that is utilized is descriptive case study. This answers who,

what, where and how questions related to a particular research problem. The method is used to

obtain information about the present situation to gain an understanding of a certain phenomena.

Thus, descriptive case study was applied in this study for it aims to improve the performance of

the grade-11 learners at Baguio Central University.

Locale and population of the study

The respondents of the study were grade-11 learners of Baguio Central University.

Purposeful, random sampling was used where there are 11 sections namely ABM A, ABM B,

ABM C, STEM A, STEM B, STEM C, HUMSS A, HUMSS B, HUMSS C, HUMSS D, and TVL.

The researchers randomly selected respondents making it 42 learners as shown in the table.

Section Total respondents Sample (10%)

ABM A 41 4ABM B 40 4ABM C 45 4STEM A 44 4STEM B 37 3STEM C 30 3HUMSS A 43 4HUMSS B 42 4HUMSS C 41 4HUMSS D 39 3TVL 52 5Total 42

11

Data gathering tool

In gathering the data needed in the study, a questionnaire and in-depth interview was

used. A questionnaire is a form prepared and distributed to secure responses to a certain

topics. In-depth interview is an interview covering many or all important points of a subject.

The first part of a questionnaire was a letter to the respondents followed by queries on

the following topics: (1) effects of mobile phones in the academic performance of grade-11

students of BCU (2) rule of teacher in using mobile phones during class hours (3) reason why

do students use their phones in school. The sample of question is an table below:

Data gathering procedure

The researchers made a letter of request to administer questionnaire and in-

depth interview was obtain from the respondents. The researchers personally distribute

the questionnaire. Also, for the respondents to clarify thing which they do not understand

in the given questionnaire. We also interviewed 11 students to participate in gathering

the data.

12

Chapter IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter contains the tabular presentation of the data gathered as well as their

corresponding analysis and interpretations. These were presented according to the specific

questions presented in chapter 1.

Kind of mobile phone students are using:

Table 1 shows the kinds of phone the students are using.

Table 1 kind of mobile phones

No. of students-42 Frequency Graph

Kinds of mobile phone students are using

Frequency table

Keypad 3

touchscreen 25

android 13

others 1

Table 1 reveals that most of the students are using touchscreen, Wherein 25 out

of 42 students. Second is the android phone followed by keypad and other mobile phones.

Today’s generation, all technologies are modern that’s why students adapt it for them to belong

in our modern society.

13

3

25

13

1

Purposes in using mobile phone

This shows the different purposes of students in using their mobile phones

Table 2: purposes

Frequency table Frequency Graph

Social media 20

games 11

Communication 23

research 21

others 5

Many students are using their phone for communication. Second is for research purpose

for their assignments, projects, and group activity. Third is for social media, internet, fb,

messenger, YouTube, and many more. Lastly, 5 students for other purposes. Most

requirements in the school are research and group activities so students use their cellphone to

communicate with group mates.

14

20

11

2321

5

Using mobile phone per hour in a day

There are different hours showed in table 3 to show how long students spend their time in using

their mobile phones. Frequency Graph

Table 3: hours per a day

Frequency table

1-2 3

2-3 9

4-5 10

6-7 13

11-12 5

others 2

Most of the students spend 6-7 hours in using their cellphone followed by 4-5 hours, 2-3

hours, 11-12 hours, and 1-2 hours. Students use most of their time using cellphone in order to

make their assignments, research. Frequency graph

Table 4:

Frequency table:

yes 18

Why? Research, affect my focus, fail

grades, addiction

no 22

Why? I don’t use cp, I know my

limitations, mobile management

15

3

910

13

5

2

22

18

Many students’ academic performances is not affected why they use their mobile phone

because they know their limitations, they know how to manage their mobile phones and they do

not use cp during class hours. For those who are affected in using mobile phone behind are;

failing grades, addiction, no focus, and for research purpose.

Using of phones during class hours frequency Graph

This shows the usage of mobile phones during class hours

Frequency table 5:

Yes 23

no 19

Many students are using their phones during class hours while some do not use their

phone during class hours because of research purposes, using dictionary, using it to participate

and focus on discussion.

Using phone during review period

This shows the usage of mobile phone during review period

Table 6:

yes 22

no 19

16

YES23

NO19

YES22

NO19

Many students are using their mobile phones during review period while there are also a lot of

students that do not use their phones during review period to gain more information, helps them

to review easier because they could just search up unknown information.

Using of phone during library period, others are using book and notes

This shows the usage of mobile phone during library

Table 7:

Frequency table

yes 39

no 3

Majority of students use their mobile phones during library period because teachers

require them to search up some information and it helps them to make school activities easier.

While few of them do not use phones because they use books.

17

YES39

NO3

Mobile phones help in academic performances

This shows if mobile phones help in the academic performance of students

Table 8:

Frequency table

yes 41

Why? Communication,

research,

dictionary,

reference, reviewer

Almost everyone think that mobile phones help in their academic performance. It helps in

communication, research, dictionary, reference and reviewer. All in all mobile phones are helpful

and beneficial to students for the applications are helpful or useful in their academic

performances.

Are you doing something to lessen your cellphone use?

Table 9 show the number of students who are doing something to lessen their cellphone use

and number of students who are not doing something to lessen their cellphone use.

No. of students= 41

Frequency table 9:

yes 26

no 15

18

YES41

NO1

YES26

NO15

Table 10 shows the most of the students are doing something to lessen their cellphone use.

Out of 41 students, 26 of the students said that they are doing something to lessen their

cellphone use while 15 of them are not doing something to lessen their cellphone use.

*Expectations in improving their grades when they lessen cellphone use

Table 10 shows the number of students that expects that their grades will improve when

they lessen their cellphone use.

No. of students= 41

Frequency table 10:

Yes 24

no 17

Table 10 shows that most of the students expects that their grades will improve when they

lessen their cellphone use. Out of 41 students, 24 of them expect improvement of grades, while

17 of them doesn’t expect for improvement of grades if they lessen their cellphone use.

Student’s idea on what will happen if they lessen cellphone use

Table shows that the students think will happen if they lessen their cellphone use

Frequency table 11:

19

YES24

NO17

Why? focus on studies

performance will improve

affect my grade

focus in work

more productive

nothing

my friend will congratulate

me

grades will improve

low grades

concentrations

study well

time to study

time to read

I will fail

I'll be responsible

everything will change

still the same

more serious

time management

affect study

In the table above, there shows the different ideas of students regarding to lessen the time used

in their cellphones.

20

Chapter V

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the conclusion drawn and the recommendation advance.

Conclusions:

The following conclusions were drawn based on the collected findings:

1. There are bad effects of mobile phones that are shown in the data gathered.

2. The students used most of their time in handling their phone.

3. Students used their phone during class hours.

4. During review and library period, most students used their phone.

Recommendations:

Based on the foregoing finding and conclusions, the following recommendations were

forwarded;

1. Students should use their phone if necessary to avoid addiction

2. Teachers should not allow their students to9 operate their cellphone during class hours,

if it is not needed in the discussion so that students will focus in their lesson.

3. Students should not use their cellphone during review period so that they will focus in

their notes.

4. Parents should also guide their children to use their cellphones in a proper way to avoid

the bad effects of mobile phones in their academic performance.

21

References:

Review of related literature and related studies about mobile phone, retrieved from

https://phdessay.com/review-of-related-literature-and-related-studies-about-mobile-phones/

NS Hawi, M.samaha-computers and education, 2016-E lsevier

To excel or not to excel: strong evidence on the adverse effect of smartphone addiction on

academic performance

Lea, M & street, B (1998) student writing in higher education: an academic literacies approach.

Studies in higher education. 23 (2): 157-172

Bidaki, M.Z, Naderi, F., Ayate, M. 2013.Effects of mobile learning on paramedical students

academic achievement and self-regulation.Future of medical educational journal, 3(3), 24-

28.retrieved from http//fmej.mums.ac11/article

Dewey., J.(1916). Democracy and education. New York: free press.

22

Appendix

Permission to conduct and collect research data

Dear ma’am/ sir:

The purpose of this letter is to request your good office that we are conducting the

research entitled: Effects of Mobile Phones in the Academic Performance of Grade-11 Students

at Baguio Central University. For this we are requesting that your office allow us to conduct

research and secure population data, given that that it shall be used only for research purposes.

This also serves as assurance that we comply with requirements of the Republic Act 10173 also

known as the data privacy Act of 2012 and will ensure that these requirements are followed in

the conduct of this research. Thank you very much and more power.

Sincerely,

Name of members

Pablo, Arnold

Poblete, Mil Janry

Damilo, Evett Joy

Dionisio, Dolly Joy

Gayo, Judy

Gumido, Erylle

23

Survey questions

Put a check mark on the blank.

1. What kind of mobile phone do you use?

a. Keypad

b. Touchscreen

c. Android

d. Others

2. What is your purpose in using mobile phone?

a. Social media

b. Games

c. Communications

d. Research

e. Others

3. How often do you used your phone per hour in a day?

a. 1-2

b. 2-3

c. 4-5

d. 6-7

e. 11-12

f. Others

4. Does it affect your academic performance?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Why?

24

5. Do you use your cellphone during class hours

a. Yes

b. No

6. Do you use your phone during review period?

a. Yes

b. No

7. Do you use your phone during library period?

a. Yes

b. No

8. Does it help you in your academic performance?

a. Yes why?

b. No why?

9. Are you doing something to lessen your cellphone use?

a. Yes

b. No

10. Do you expect that your grades will improve if you lessen your cellphone use?

a. Yes

b. No

11. What do you think will happen if you lessen your cellphone use?

25