FOOD

Unit 1

Fruit

apricot, banana, cherry, grapes (a bunch of grapes), sultana/seedless grapes, grapefruit,

kiwi, lemon, lime, orange, tangerine, peach, pear, plum, rhubarb, pineapple, pomegranate,

nectarine, passion fruit, mango, persimmon, star fruit

Berries

currant (black, red, white), gooseberry, blackberry, blueberry, raspberry, strawberry,

cranberry, guelder-rose

Nuts

almond, hazelnut, peanut, walnut, coconut, pistachio

Vegetables

beet (root), bean (green beans), pea (green peas), cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels

sprouts, carrot, cucumber, BE aubergine / AE egg-plant, BE courgette / AE

zucchini/squash, (grape) tomato, (new) potato, BE pepper / AE bell pepper, horseradish,

radish, lettuce, spinach, leek, celery, garlic, onion, dock, artichoke, pumpkin, melon,

watermelon

Herbs

parsley, dill, rosemary, oregano, thyme

Spices

sugar (a lump of sugar), salt (a pinch of salt), pepper, paprika, bay leaf, gelatin, cinnamon,

clove, cumin, vanilla, ginger, nutmeg

TASKS

1. Name these foods:

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2. Now, find some good and difficult words in the vocabulary list and make up or

find in the dictionary their definitions. Read them in class for your groupmates

to guess the words.

3. Translate into English:

1. У мене холодильник забитий їдою: банани, абрикоси, персики, ананас, кабачки, баклажани, цвітна капуста і ще купа всього.

2. Якого кольору дині? – того ж, що й апельсини. – а що таке фісташки? – це такі горішки.

3. Моя бабуся готує чудове варення з червоної й чорної смородини, з аґрусу, зі слив, вишень, малини, але грушеве – моє улюблене.

4. Кухар вже порізав усі овочі на салат. У ньому є селера, морква, цибуля й

петрушка.

5. До салату з селери й капусти краще додати трохи лимонного соку. Буде просто смачнезно.

4. Do you like anagrams? Here you have a few anagrammed words: 5. Letters are mixed up in the names of vegetables and fruit. Please write down the

correct words. Do you know how all those things look like?

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Teteluc Creryh Rape Ranoge Stoparic Peapl Ladmon Preepp Grilca Munci

Brubrah Ottopa Sylerpa Gabierenu Opichstai Muccurbe Babagec Heapc Meorpatnega Dashiresorh

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Unit 2

Corn ( AE Grain)

buckwheat, barley, rice, semolina, BE maize / AE corn, cornflakes, cereal, BE porridge / AE

oatmeal, muesli

Bread

bread: white, brown, rye; new/fresh, stale; a loaf of bread; home-made bread, bun, roll, baguette,

toast, flour, yeast, dough, batter, soda, baking powder, croissant.

Dairy Products

(new) milk, condensed milk, (sour) cream, kefir, butter, margarine/marge, yoghurt/yogurt,

(cottage, cream) cheese

Meat

beef, veal, pork, mutton, lamb, venison, liver, kidneys, tongue

fowl/poultry: chicken, duck, goose, turkey

bacon, ham, chop, (beef)steak, (rare, medium, well-done) steak, cutlet, pâté, (chicken, beef ) mince

salami, (boiled, smoked) sausage, frankfurter

fillet, sirloin

lard, suet, fat

Fish and Seafood

carp, cod, hake, plaice, mackerel, sardine, perch, pike, catfish, salmon, trout, sprat, herring, shark,

caviar (red, soft)

crab, crayfish/crawfish, lobster, prawn, (jumbo) shrimp, oyster, mussels, octopus

TASKS

1. What is the English for these?

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2. Translate into English:

1. В „Арсені” було багато різної риби, яловичина, баранина, телятина курятина, ковбаси, різні крупи, але я так і не знайшла соєвого соусу.

2. Я обожнюю копчений оселедець, шпроти, сардини, а ти? І я також.3. Дорогих фешенебельних ресторанах подають устриці, омарів, восьминогів, під

різними екзотичними соусами і з різними спеціями.4. Я віддаю перевагу рибі перед м’ясом. Я особливо люблю форель і лангустів.5. По ранках ми снідаємо зовсім не круасанами з гарячою кавою, навіть не тостами з

апельсиновим джемом – ми їмо ці огидні мюслі й запиваємо свіжим молоком! 6. Хочеш булочку зі згущеним молоком? – Ні, хочу рогалик з абрикосовим варенням. 7. І чому діти ненавидять манну кашу? – Бо в садочку її завжди давали холодною і з

грудочками!

Unit 3

Starter/Appetizer (hors d’oeuvre)

salad: mixed salad, Greek salad, coleslaw, prawn cocktail

cold cuts/assorted meat, assorted fish, jellied meat/fish

pickles, olives, sauerkraut, canapé (a small piece of bread, toast, etc., spread with a savoury

topping)

fresh-salted, pickled (cucumber)

to have a snack/bite

Cooked Food

soup: beet soup (borshch), (onion, noodle, cabbage, pea) soup, fish soup (ookha), broth/clear

soup/bouillon

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potato: (boiled, fried, mashed, baked) potato, BE chips / AE French fries, BE crisps / AE chips,

potatoes in jackets

pizza, hamburger, hot dog, sausage roll

egg: egg white, egg yolk, egg shell, (soft, medium, hard) boiled egg, (fried, poached, scrambled,

stuffed) egg, omelette/omelet

lasagne/lasagna, pasta, macaroni, vermicelli, spaghetti, noodle (pl. –s)

meatballs, stew, barbeque, cabbage rolls, risotto

Sauces

in a (pepper, apple, wine) sauce

dipping

tartar, salsa (a spicy tomato-based sauce), gravy, vinaigrette/salad dressing, (olive, vegetable,

sunflower) oil, vinegar, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise/mayo, seasoning

Desserts, Sweets

gingerbread, pancake, BE doughnut / AE donut, BE biscuits / AE cookies, cracker, pastry, cake,

cupcake, muffin, cheese cake, custard (cake), tart, pie, Swiss roll, wafer/waffle, pudding,

chocolate, honey, glaze, whipped cream

jam, jelly, ice cream, (ice) lolly/lollipop, raisin, sultana (raisin), prune, mincemeat

diet: to keep/stick to a diet, to be on a diet, food agrees/disagrees with sb.

TASKS

1. What is the difference between these? Which of each pair is in the picture?

a. Cupcake – muffin

b. Tart – pie

c. Wafer – waffle

d. Spaghetti – noodles

e. Vinegar – vinaigrette

f. Pancake – crêpe

a. b.

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c.

d.

e.

f.

2. Have you ever seen a movie Runaway Bride starring Julia Roberts and Richard Gere?

It has something to do with the topic, especially eggs. Watch it in English at home and

find out the role of eggs in the story. Share in class.

3. Translate into English:

1. Офіціант приніс меню, і ми замовили салат, курячий бульйон, телячі котлети з картоплею по-французьки, зеленим горошком і тушкованою морквою, вишневий сік, дві кави і ванільне морозиво.

2. Що лежить у вас на столі? – Піца з салямі й шинкою, пачка майонезу і салат з крабів. Ви пригощайтеся, все надзвичайно смачне!

3. Аня завжди пригощає мене своїми фірмовими голубцями.4. Що у нас завтра на обід?5. Баранина зазвичай мені  не підходить.6. Я обожнюю копчений оселедець, шпроти, сардини, а ти? І я також.7. Скільки вишень треба для цього відкритого пирога? – десь півкілограма.8. Що будете замовляти? – Дві кави, будь-ласка, збиті вершки, два шматочки сирного

торта.

Unit 4

Drinks/Beverages

hard drinks: brandy, cognac, whisky, vodka, rum, tequila, absent

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wine: dry, sweet, sparkling, new, red/white, table, dessert, port wine(strong red wine)

wine-list; to uncork the bottle

champagne, cocktail, liqueur/liquor, martini

beer: dark/light, ginger beer, a can of beer

soft drinks: juice, lemonade, soda (mineral/spring) water, still water, drinking water, coke/cola,

cream-soda

coffee: black, white/light, instant, ground; espresso, cappuccino

tea: black, green, ice-tea, herb tea; strong/weak cocoa, hot chocolate, milkshake, (cherry) fool

Describing Food and Drinks

salty, hot/spicy, savory, mild, bland, sweet, sickly, bitter, sour, juicy, crunchy, bony

creamy, fattening/fatty

greasy, oily

stodgy, starchy

tasty, delicious, moreish/morish (food causing a desire for more), nourishing

tasteless, disgusting

fresh, frozen

BE canned / AE tinned

baby food

dog/cat/pet food

health food (food that is good for your health)

organic food (food that is produced without using harmful chemicals)

fast food (hamburgers and other foods that are made to be eaten quickly)

junk food (food that is full of sugar or fat and is bad for your health)

processed food (food that has chemicals in it to make it last a long time)

food colouring, food additives

Italian, Chinese etc. food, cuisine (style of cooking)

TASKS

1. There are tons of drinks in the world. Did you know that Wikipedia counts as many as

70 different types of coffee drinks only? Do a little research of the issue and find out

something extra interesting about either strong or soft drinks. As philologists, figure

the origin of the name of such drinks as Coca-Cola, absent, etc.

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2. Have you ever tried tequila, caffé latte, hot chocolate, tinned beans, hamburgers, baby

food, pet food? How would you describe the taste of these things? Write down a list of

adjectives that would suit your experience or ideas about their taste.

3. Translate into English:

1. Куховарка виявилася мексиканкою; все, що вона готувала, було занадто гостре.

2. В комірчині є банки з варенням, капуста, картопля, цвітна капуста. Бабуся просить принести їй рибні консерви і банку малини.

3. Я на дієті, бо хочу схуднути. Тому я не їм ні жирної, ні солодкої (що містить цукор) їжі. - я також.

4. Кажуть, що вегетаріанська їжа завжди корисна. Але це міф. Насправді вона може сприяти ожирінню.

5. Улюблена страва мого зятя – качка, фарширована грибами з часниковим соусом. Він твердить, що це неймовірно смачно, а я думаю, що це занадто жирна й гостра їжа.

6. Проста і смачна їжа, як правило, привабливо виглядає, апетитно пахне і одним своїм виглядом піднімає настрій. Їжа, спожита із задоволенням, як правило, перетравлюється повністю і якісно.

Поняття «корисна їжа» і «проста і смачна їжа», як правило, тотожні. Це тому, що чим простіша їжа, тим менше інгредієнтів в неї входить. А відтак, легше забезпечити правильне їх поєднання. Втім, якщо людина справді голодна, будь-яка їжа буде смачною. Важливо в цей момент не спокуситися на погану їжу, тобт, некорисну. Адже не секрет, що у більшості людей під впливом умов життя, матеріального достатку і недостатньої інформованості склалися досить збочені поняття щодо смачної їжі.

У більшості випадків смачною називають жирну, смажену, сильно заправлену спеціями і приправами, солону їжу, та ще й під горілочку.

Іншою крайністю є їжа солодка, здобна, рясно ароматизована і підфарбована різними хімічними добавками і барвниками.

І те, й інше спотворює істинний смак їжі, пробуджує нездоровий апетит, подразнює травну систему, сприяють переїданню і ожирінню.

Коли людина починає розуміти, як їй варто харчуватися і переходить на природну і здорову їжу, робота шлунково-кишкового тракту поступово відновлюється, але процес цей може розтягнутися на досить тривалий період.

Unit 5

Verbs Used in Recipes

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boil, simmer, curdle milk, fry (to a golden colour), grill, roast, bake, heat, marinade, knead dough,

stuff

stew (to cook by long slow simmering), casserole (similar, but in the oven), braise (to cook (meat,

vegetables, etc.) by lightly browning in fat and then cooking slowly in a closed pan with a small

amount of liquid)

chop, cut, cube, peel, core, poke, grate, mince, grind, crush (to a paste), mash, squeeze

beat, whisk, blend, mix, add, stir, season, sprinkle, decorate, powder, flake, flatten, pour, dip

strain, blanch, drain, coat, cool, chill, freeze, defrost, melt (butter; cakes that melt in the mouth),

dissolve (to cause to become liquid – sugar in water), divide into, halve, disjoint, extract, gut

grease, lard, be done to a turn (just perfect, not overdone), be overcooked/overdone, be

undercooked/underdone

Kitchen Utensils

tableware, cutlery, china, pot, pan, frying pan, sauce-pan, lid, baking can/tin, tin opener, bowl,

sauce-boat, salt-cellar, sugar-basin, pepper-box, toaster, oven, napkin

Additional Vocabulary

menu, on the menu

cook, chef

waiter (waitress); BE barman / AE bartender

to run out of smth. (We’ve run out of sugar)

to help oneself / sb. to …; to treat sb. to smth.; helping; specialty

to drink a toast to sb.; to toast: Cheers! to sb.

to be thirsty; to be hungry; to be full; to be hungry as a hunter (bear)

to sit to (at) table; to order; to ask for a bill; to pay the bill; to tip

to prefer smth. to smth.; to pass smth. to sb.

to reserve a table; to order; to serve; to take away

let me have; What shall we have for …;What can you suggest for …

to lay the table; to clean the table; to collect the leftovers; to take a doggy-bag

restaurant, fast food restaurant, takeaway restaurant; café; coffee shop; (self service) cafeteria;

canteen; bar; snack bar; pizzeria/pizza place

TASKS

1. Guess what could be the result if you follow this recipe:

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3 cups all-purpose or bread flour, plus more as needed 2 teaspoons instant yeast 2 teaspoons coarse kosher or sea salt, plus extra for sprinkling 2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil Combine the flour, yeast, and salt in a food processor. Turn the machine on and add 1 cup water and the oil through the feed tube. Process for about 30 seconds, adding more water, a little at a time, until the mixture forms a ball and is slightly sticky to the touch. If it is still dry, add another tablespoon or two of water and process for another 10 seconds. (In the unlikely event that the mixture is too sticky, add flour a tablespoon at a time.) Turn the dough onto a floured work surface and knead by hand for a few seconds to form a smooth, round dough ball. Put the dough in a bowl and cover with plastic wrap; let rise until the dough doubles in size, 1 to 2 hours. (You can cut this rising time short if you’re in a hurry, or you can let the dough rise more slowly, in the refrigerator, for up to 6 or 8 hours.) Proceed to Step 4 or wrap the dough tightly in plastic wrap or a zipper bag and freeze for up to a month. When the dough is ready, form it into a ball and divide it into 2 or more pieces if you like; roll each piece into a round ball. Put each ball on a lightly floured surface, sprinkle with flour, and cover with plastic wrap or a towel. Let rest until they puff slightly, about 20 minutes. Then make a thin plate out of each ball and put on it chopped meat, sausages, cheese, tomatoes and any other stuff you can have in the fridge. Bake for 20 minutes at medium temperature.

2. Provide a recipe of your favourite dish. You may make it yourself and take photos or

video of the stages. I don’t think the teacher will mind you bringing your masterpiece

to taste in class. Anyway, be able to TELL how to cook the dish.

3. http://www.smachno.in.ua/prygotuvannya.php?id=108 – use this link to practise your translating and

describing skills: write your results in English.

Unit 6

Food idioms

1. have a sweet tooth

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2. pie in the sky3. be one’s cup of tea4. like two peas in a pod5. full of beans6. as cool as a cucumber7. a piece of cake8. no use crying over spilt milk9. nest egg10. be an apple of one’s eye11. a rotten apple12. be selling like hot cakes13. go bananas14. go nuts15. like an oven16. peanuts17. simmer down18. eat a horse19. peaches and cream20. a breadwinner

Make up 5 Ukrainian sentences in writing using equivalents to these idioms. Write them on a

separate sheet of paper for your group mate to translate.

Unit 7

ETIQUETTE

Questions before reading:

Speak about the table manners you should observe in your homes or in the public cafeteria. What do you do before eating? Are there rules about your hands or the way you sit? What do you do at the end of a meal? Why do we have rules about how to eat? Have you ever been in situations where the rules you are used to are not appropriate?

Different Countries, Different EtiquetteWhether one is travelling for business or for pleasure, new cultures are generally part of the process. Although there are many differences between cultures in the world, there are also similarities. The similarities do not get us into trouble, but the differences can destroy a business deal or a pleasure trip. Learning some facts and some of the patterns of other cultures, as well as various travel customs and tips, can help you be successful.

France

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In a country where food is king it's good to have courtly manner. So:

Don't cut your salad with a knife or fork. Instead fold your salad on your fork using your knife. Never cut bread. Break bread with your fingers. And usually there aren't bread/butter plates. So place your bread on the table above your dinner plate on the left. Cut cheese vertically. Do not cut off the points. Never eat fruit whole – Always peel and slice it before eating. When you're finished eating, place knife and fork side by side on the plate at the 5:20 position. The fork should be on the left and the knife should be on the right with the blade of the knife facing the fork. To signify that you would like more food, cross your knife and fork across your plate.

Italy

Italians are known for expressing themselves through body language. So:

Greet friends with a kiss on both cheeks. Keep eye contact while talking. If not, Italians think you are hiding something. To call a waiter or waitress, raise your index finger and make eye contact. Stand when an older person enters the room.

China

In China, it's all about respect. So:

When introduced to a group of Chinese people, they may greet you with applause. Be sure to applaud back. Greet the oldest, most senior person first. Address the Chinese by Mr., Mrs., Miss plus family name. The Chinese dislike being touched by strangers. Other than shaking hands when greeting them, do not hug, lock arms or make any other body contact.

Argentina

Always fashion-conscious. So:

Dress well if you want to make a good impression. Women are expected to dress stylishly. And don't be offended by their humor, which may mildly attack your clothing or weight.

Questions after reading:

1. What are the differences and similarities between the table etiquette in your country and the countries that you have read about?

2. What are some mealtime habits or rules in your home that a visitor from one of these countries may find unusual? What could you do to make your visitor feel comfortable?

3. How did you learn what behavior is appropriate at mealtime?4. Why are rules of etiquette so important? Whose rules do you follow when you're sharing a meal at some-

one's house? Whose rules do you follow in a restaurant?

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Table manners in Ukraine:

1. DO partake in toasts. Toasting is a very important part of Ukraine's social culture. 2. DO be prepared with an excuse if you don't drink. If you don't drink alcohol, blame it on an medical prob-

lem. Ukrainians can sometimes be suspicious of people who don't drink.3. DON'T clink glasses during a toast if you aren't drinking alcohol.4. DON'T eat until the host invites you to begin.5. DO rest your wrists at the edge of the table.6. DON'T refuse a dish. Try everything and save room for seconds. Turning down food could be seen as rude.7. DON'T leave an empty bottle on a table. It's considered bad luck. 8. Put your napkin on your lap when the food is served. After you have finished eating wipe your hands and

mouth with the napkin and then put it on the table on the left of your plate. Don’t fold it, don’t wipe your face with it.

SUGGESTIONS FOR DISCUSSING:

1.National cuisine (Ukraine) (national dishes, recipes, order of meals, the way you lay the table

for the guests).

2.National cuisine (Great Britain) (national dishes, recipes, order of meals, traditional English

breakfast, Sunday lunch).

3.National cuisine (USA) (variety of foods, Mexican, Spanish and New England influence).

4.Table manners (correct way to sit at table, way of using spoon, fork, knife).

5.Healthy food/ Junk food (describe your diet and what helps you to be healthy, bad diets,

calories).

6.Genetically engineered food (arguments for and against).

7.How to make the right choice in a restaurant? (book tables, discuss the menu, ask about the

price, order dishes).

8.The recipe of your favorite dish (ingredients, process of cooking, words used in recipes).

9.Eating disorders (overweight, anorexia and bulimia nervosa, psychological problems,

depression).

10.Express your attitude towards extraordinary dishes like French frogs, Polynesian insects… (taste, looks, healthy/unhealthy).

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11. PROJECT TIME: prepare a good project on a topic either given by the teacher or your

own (related to food). Ask your teacher for further instructions on the activity. This is to be

done after you have done all the other tasks on the topic.

Revise the things:

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct word.

spicy overcooked crunchy stale

1. Indian food is often very hot and ……….. .

2. I’m sorry for being so noisy, but this apple is really …………… .

3. Haven’t we got any fresh bread? This loaf is really …………… .

4. The meat was …………… because she forgot to take it out of the oven on time.

2. What is the English for:

1. пересмажене м’ясо;2. хліб з маслом;3. заливна риба;4. варена ковбаса;5. мариновані огірки;6. черствий хліб;7. молода картопля;8. заправити салат;9. парне молоко;10. перемолоти м’ясо;11. притримуватися дієти;12. дуже любити солодощі;13. пиріг з відкритою начинкою;14. холодна закуска;15. поживна їжа.

3. Give a detailed description of the way:

1. you make light coffee; 2. you make cream cheese and olive sandwiches; 3. you cook

cabbage rolls; 4. you bake cupcakes.

4. What do you say:

1. when you want your guest to put some of the contents of a dish onto his/her plate; 2. when you want some more of something offered at table;3. when you want to propose somebody’s health;4. when you don’t want any more because you can eat no more;5. when you want your guest to take some leftovers for his dog;6. about the food (dish) if you like its taste very much.

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References:

http://travel.aol.ca/article/travel-cultural-etiquette-tips

How to cook everything : 2000 simple recipes for great food / Mark Bittman ; illustrations by Alan Witschonke.—2nd ed.

Unit 6

Food idioms

1. have a sweet tooth - to desire to eat many sweet foods-especially candy and pastries

2. pie in the sky 1. Fig. a future reward after death, considered as a replacement for a reward not received on earth. Don't hold out for pie in the sky. Get realistic. If he didn't hope for some heavenly pie in the sky, he would probably be a real crook. 2. Fig. having to do with a hope for a special reward. (This is hyphenated before a nominal.) Get rid of your pie-in-the-sky ideas! What these pie-in-the-sky people really want is money.

3. be one’s cup of tea 1. Something that one excels in or enjoys: Opera is not my cup of tea.2. A matter to be reckoned or dealt with: Recreational sport is relaxing. Professional sport is another cup of tea al-together.

4. like two peas in a pod to be very similar

5. full of beans full of nonsense; talking nonsense

6. as cool as a cucumber extremely calm; imperturbable

7. a piece of cake something very easy Most parents know that dealing with a sick child makes everything else look like a piece of cake. Our team is strong, but it won't be a piece of cake to make it to the finals.

8. no use crying over spilt milk9. nest egg 1. An artificial or natural egg placed in a nest to induce a bird to continue to lay eggs in that place.2. A sum of money put by as a reserve.

10. be an apple of one’s eye One that is treasured: Her grandson is the apple of her eye.

11. a rotten apple one bad person in a group of people who are good You'll find the occasional rotten apple in every organization.

12. be selling like hot cakes if things are going like hot cakes, people are buying a lot of them very fast (often in continuous tenses) The book has only just been published and copies are already selling like hot cakes in both Britain and America.

13. go bananas to go mildly crazy. Sorry, I just went bananas for a minute. I thought he was going to go bananas.

14. go nuts o become crazy, disoriented, or frustrated. It is so busy here that I think I will go crazy. Bob went nuts because his car got a flat tire.

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15. like an oven16. peanuts for nearly nothing; for very little money. (Also used without for.) Bob doesn't get paid much. He works for chicken feed. You can buy an old car for chicken feed. I won't do that kind of work for peanuts!

17. simmer down 1. Lit. to decrease in intensity. (As boiling dies down when the heat is lowered or removed.) The hectic activity of the day finally simmered down. When things simmer down in the fall, this is a much nicer place. 2. Fig. [for someone] to become calm or less agitated. I wish you would simmer down. Please simmer down, you guys!

18. eat a horse19. peaches and cream клубника со сливками

20. a breadwinner

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