Topic: USEOFSYMBOLS:

( B) Letters for Numbers.

Mathematically, letters of alphabet are used to represent numbers instead of boxes,

circles, triangles etc. For example, we write 3 + x instead of 3 + , also b - 15 instead

of - 15. Therefore, when we use letters and numbers in this way, we call it an ALGEBRA in Mathematics. The statement 11 + m = 14 is an example of an ALGEBRAIC SENTENCE.

Recall that in our last lesson: 14 + = 17 is an Open Sentence.

But 14 + g = 17 is an Algebraic Sentence.

Thus, an Algebraic Sentence or Expression is a Mathematical statement where

letters and numbers are used together.

Examples.

1. Each sentence is TRUE. Find the number that each letter stands for:

(a) 2 + p = 5. (b) 6 = 7 - a (c) x + x = 14 (d) 8 ÷ y = 4

2. Find the value of the following when m=6:

(a) m + 1 (b) m ÷ 6

Solution

1a) 2 + p = 5 will be true if 3 stands for p because 2 + 3 = 5.

b) 6 = 7 - a will be true if 1 stands for a because 6 = 7 - 1.

c) x + x = 14 will be true if 7 stands for x because 7 + 7 = 14.

d) 8 ÷ y = 4 will be true if 2 stands for y because 8 ÷ 2 = 4.

2) If m = 6, then

a) m + 1

6 + 1 = 7

b) m ÷ 6

6 ÷ 6 = 1

ASSIGNMENT

1. Each sentence is true. Find the number that each letter stands for:

a) 22 ÷ s = 2

b) 12 = m + 5

c) h × 4 = 20

d) 4 = 21 - p

2. Find the value of the following below:

a) 16 - x , if x = 5

b) m + 19, if m = 15

c) y ÷ 2, if y = 4

d) t × 3, if t = 6

NOTE: Assignment done should always be sent to chimoscares17@gmail.com

Abraham Moses, your Mathematics teacher

ENGLISH JSS1

TOPIC: ADVERBIALS

Definition: Adverbials are words or group of words which perform the functions of an adverb in a sentence. They modify or give more information about a verb, an adjective and other adverb.

Examples

1. During the week I travelled to Abuja

2. Chidinma scored the goal with ease.

3. Our grandparents often tells us stories

NOTE

All adverbs are adverbials, but not all adverbials are adverbs. Adverbs are usually a single word while adverbials are a single word and also phrases.

ASSIGNMENT

Underline the adverbials in the sentences.

1. The exams will come up next week.

2. Our principal addressed us with annoyance.

3. Bola always disturbs others in class.

4. Tonzeh is unusually quiet today.

5. The seamstress sews very well.

PLEASE submit your work to this E-mail address anareuben543@yahoo.com

ENGLISH JSS I

Topic: Adverbial

Sub-topic:Types of adverbials.

Some types of adverbials include the following.

1) Adverbials of manner: Some adverbial show how the action or event occurred.

Examples:

a) Chiwendu ran like a horse.b) She answered us in a rude way.

2) Adverbials of frequency: some adverbials shows how often and action or event is done.

Examples:

a) The students always wake up early.

b) Potatoes seldom grows on dry soil.

3) Adverbials of degree/ intensifiers: These adverbials describes the extent of the action or event.

Examples:

a ) Ngozi talks very intelligently.

b) Mercy is an extremely slow writer.

Assignment:

Underline and state the type of adverbials in the following sentences.

1) The girl spoke to the old man in a polite manner.2) Teachers always advise students to work very hard.3) Divine frequency snores when she is sleeping.4) Hope eats extremely slowly.5) Our educational system is drastically changing.

please submit your work to this E-mail address anareuben543@yahoo.com

P.H.E jss1

TOPIC GYMNASTICS

Gymnastics are activities that involved twisting of one’s body. The word means” naked art” and it originated in ancient Greece. it is believed that the Chinese were the first people to develop the activities.

The word gymnasium is a Greek word for a place where gymnastics activities are performed.

VALUES OF GYMNASTICS

1. It develop the muscles of the arm, shoulder, chest and abdomen.

2. It develop physical strength and power.

3. It develop physical fitness, agility and flexibility

4. It develop the ability to co-ordinate and balance

5. It is designed for alertness.

6. It improves body posture.

SCOPE OF GYMNASTICS

1. The stunts

2. The tumbling

3. Activities on ropes

4. Activities on beams

5. Compensatory

EQUIPMENTS OF GYMNASTICS

1. The pommel horse

2. The vaulting horse

3. The long horse

4. The spring board

5. The parallel bars

6. The still ring

7. The beam

8. the buck

9. The horizontal bars

10. The uneven parallel bars

11.The medicine ball

12. The mats/ trampoline

ASSIGNMENT

1. State the contribution of the following individuals in the development of gymnastics.

(a.) Jojann Basedow(b.) Johnn Guts Muths (c.) Fredrick Ludwig Jahn

Submit through this e-mail uzahson@gmail.com.

HISTORY NOTE FOR JSS 1

TOPIC: HISTORICAL SITES IN NIGERIA (1):

SUB- TOPIC: NOK CULTURE.

The Nok culture is the earliest iron Age culture in west Africa. It existed between the 5th and 2nd century BC, and remains the oldest culture in Nigeria. Nok is a name of a small village in Kaduna state, Nigeria where Non culture was discovered. This information why it was named Nok culture. Non culture was first discovered as a result of the recovery of the archaeological remains from the tin-bearing areas of the west of Jos plateau, Nigeria. The tin miners discovered big clay model of human and material heads and other pieces of baked clay statuses and figures. The Nok culture figures are very beautiful, and have distinctive styles. The figures included many details of dresses, head gear and personal adornment. Nok culture remains also included stone tools, iron tools and other ornaments. Through the Book culture, the people were able to practice some forms of agriculture.

SIGNIFICANCE OF NOK CULTURE IN NIGERIAN HISTORY.

The following are the significance of Nok culture:

1. Nok culture shows that Nigerian people have existed as far back as 5th century BC.

2. It provides evidence of iron-working technology in pre-colonial Nigeria.3. It proves the evidence for the first known plastic arts in sub-sahara Africa.

ASSIGNMENT.

1. How Is The Nok Culture Relevant In The Reconstruction Of Nigerian History.

2. Mention The Steps Involved In Planning An Excursion To A Historical Site.

Please submit your work to this E-mail address bennyuyoo@gmail.com

JSS 1 LESSON NOTE.

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION.

TOPIC: OBLIGATIONS OF CITIZENS.

TYPES OF OBLIGATIONS.

1. ECONOMIC OR FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS: These includes the following:a) Payment of taxes.b) Payment of rentals and rates.c) Engagement in work (employment).d) Respect and protection of public properties.

2. CIVIC AND POLITICAL OBLIGATIONS: They are as follows: a) Voting during elections.b) Loyalty to the country by respecting the leaders and National

symbols.c) Law building.d) Defense of the country.e) Reporting criminals.f) Assisting accident victims to the hospital and giving first aid

assistance.3. SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS: includes the following:

a) Cleanliness.b) Maintenance of peace and harmony.c) Protection of the country’s good name.d) Maintenance of law and order.e) Defending the state.

All the above mentioned are the things expected of a citizen of any country to do. In a situation where citizens fail to keep up with their expectations then it is known ad violation of the obligations, there are consequences of the non-performance of obligations by the citizens, they include:

I. Lawlessness in the nation.

II. Lack of concern and interest.III. Breakdown of Law and order.IV. Bribery and corruption.V. Stealing, fraud and misappropriation of public funds.

VI. Lack of peace and security in the state or country.VII. Absence of love (patriotism) for ones fatherland.

VIII. Gross indiscipline among the people.IX. Suffering and poverty.X. Lack of confidence in the nation.

XI. Armed robbery and other organized crimes.XII. Favoritism and Nepotism in high places.

XIII. Disregard to the human person.

ASSIGNMENT.

Without the current rise and spread of the pandemic (corona virus) which has ravaged the whole world and its subsequent spread in Nigeria, will you say that the citizens of this nation are law abiding and meticulous in their conducts against the spread of the virus? Explain with reasons.

(NB: ALL ASSIGNMENTS SHOULD BE SUBMITTED TO bennyuyoo@gmail.com).

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE JSS1

LESSON 2

TOPIC; CROP PESTS

Pest: A pest is a destructive insect or other animal that attack crops, food, and other agricultural products. Pest can also be defined as any organism[animal or insect] that feeds on growing crops ,injure or kill them and introduce diseases .pests includes insects, rodents, birds, monkey etc

INSECT PESTS : Insects are animals without backbone- that is invertebrates. Insects attack and destroy crops at different stages of their development.

Characteristics of insect pests

1. They have three pairs of legs2. They have one pair of antennae3. Their body is divided into three that is head ,thorax and abdomen4. Some insects have wings5. They also have a pair of eye6. They respire with trachea

Classification of insect pests according to mouth part

Insect pests can be divided into three groups: They are

1. Biting and chewing insects: They bite and chew the leaves fruits and the stems of crops. Their mouth is specially adapted to biting and chewing .Examples grasshopper, locust, cricket, termite, caterpillar, beetle etc.

2. Piercing and sucking insects: This type of insect have mouth part like an injection needle called the proboscis or rostrum. It can easily pierce into the fruit, leaf, stem and suck juice and destroy them .They are also carriers of viral diseases .Examples are white fly, aphid .cotton strainer, moth, butterfly, mealy -bug etc.

3. Chewing and boring insects: These insects have jaw man (mandible) with which to chew and bore grains and stored products and reduce them to powder. Examples weevil

Damages Done by insect pest

1. They destroy various parts of crop by chewing the leaves, stems and fruits

2. They reduce the quality and quantity of the agricultural produce.

3. They spread disease to most plants

4. Increase in the cost of production – that is the purchase of pesticides

5. They reduce the grain into powder in store

6. Reduction in the survival rate of seeds

7 .Weevil and beetle destroy the embryo of seeds when such seeds are planted they will not germinate

8. Reduction in farmer’s profit: when a very great amount of crop have either been completely destroyed or damaged halfway, the quantity that is left for sale cannot guarantee high profit for the farmers

Effect of pest on crop yield

1. Harmful effect

a) They interfere with crop performance by eating leaves, buds, fruits and other parts.

b) They reduce the quality and quantity of crops: sizeable amount of crops are lost due to the activities of insect pest.

c) Vector of diseases: several insect carry pathogenic organism to crop. The insects are known as vector, the organisms are known as agent and the crops are known as host of disease .

d) They add to the burden of agricultural production .the control of crop pest increase the economic cost of agricultural production.

2. Beneficial effect:

(a) Insect take part in pollination: pollination is the transfer pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.

(b) Some pests are edible example winged termites.

ASSIGNMENT

1. Mention three insect pests that do not have wings.

2. List three boring insect pest that you know.

3. State five disadvantages of pests to farmers.

Please submit your work to this E-mail address kenechicharity720@gmail.com

CRS LESSON TWO JS1

TOPIC2: CALL TO FREEDOM

Explication of topic terms.

Freedom is the ability to act freely without being subject to fear or undue restrain. It also means to have your liberty, emancipation and Independence.

Types of freedom

We have so many types of freedom but we are going to concentrate just 3 that touches our subject most.

1. Political Freedom: This is the freedom from foreign rules or rule by strangers.

2. Social Freedom: This is the freedom from fear.

3. Religious Freedom: This is the freedom to believe or worship whoever and whatever you want. It is the freedom worship in any church of your choice.

The birth and call of Moses (Ex1 and 2)

The Israelites were very numerous in Egypt, a new Pharaoh came to the throne who do not know Joseph.

He enslaved the Israelites and ordered that all their new born male children be killed in order to reduce their number because of fear of them taking over Egypt, Moses was born at this time of killing.

His mother made a watertight container, put him in inside and placed him at the reeds of the river brinks. Pharaoh's daughter who went to bath rescued him from the river. Moses was brought up in the Egyptian palace and his mother was employed to take care of him as a baby without Pharaoh knowing her true identity.

Conscious of the fact that he grew up in the Egyptian palace, Moses did not like to see the Jews being maltreated and tormented as a result of this he killed an Egyptian who was maltreating a Jew and for fear of the consequences, he fled.

Read the call of Moses Ex3:1-15.Questions1. List 5 eminent Nigerians who fought for freedom for Nigerians.2. Give one example of the following types of freedom (a) Political freedom (b) Social freedom (c) Religious freedom.3. How is the call of Moses a call for freedom?4. List the ten plague God used through Moses to liberate the Israelites.5. Moses saw the burning bush at where?Nota Bene: Read and stay warm and safe for God loves us.

Submit via migueljoe988@gmail.com

SOCIAL STUDIES JSS1

TOPIC: ROAD SAFETY AND TRAFFIC REGULATION

The idea of safety on our road is very important for the survival of people, safety requires that we ensure that all vehicles are safe on the roads. Road safety involves the use of all kinds of devices such as road signs and communication system to help vehicles and other road users use the same road without colliding. In every society, because the road is a common eans of transportation for all people living in a place and everybody cannot build their own roads, rules are made by government to guide people using the road. The rules and regulation that guide the use of roads are called traffic regulations.

RULES AND REGULATION ON OUR ROADS ARE MADE TO ---------

1. Ensure that there is no confusion on the roads and enhance order in the use of roads.

2. Avoid accidents on the roads and highways

3. Make people learn the habit of patience, obedience and tolerance.

4. Make the road last, as obedience to rules and regulation will reduce the rate at which people spoil the road and destroy road signs.

The federal road safety corps (FRSC) is the main organ of government charged with ensuring safety on our roads. Others include the Nigeria police, traffic wardens and vehicle inspectoration officers (V.I.O)

CAUSES OF ROAD ACCIDENTS IN NIGERIA

Road accident are one of the very severe safety problems in Nigeria. There are several reasons why road accidents are common in Nigeria. Below are some of the major factors responsible for road accidents in Nigeria

1. Most Nigerian roads are bad shape, especially the highway.

2. Failure by pedestrians to obey traffic rules and regulations

3. Failure by motorist to observe road signs

4. Carelessness of many drivers in the use of roads

5. Very recently, the use of handsets has resulted in many deaths in our towns and our highways

6. The use of seat belts by motorist is not commonly practiced in Nigeria

7. Motorcycle rides do not use crash helmets

8. Absence of road or warning signs

ASSIGNMENT

1. Why are rules and regulations important on our roads?

2. Mention ten causes of accident on Nigeria roads.

Please submit to this email address annaagushakab@gmail.com

BASIC TECHNOLOGY JSS1 NOTEWOOD WORK HAND TOOL

Workshop tools and appliances are equally important to the craftsman. The production of good job is made possible by good tools and correct appliances.

WORK-BENCH AND ITS APPLIANCES

The purpose of the work bench is to facilitate easy and convenient way of working. Along the middle of the bench is a channel called well .All necessary tools to perform and operation are carefully arrange in the well.

WORK-BENCH APPLIANCES

1. BENCH VICE: Bench vice is fixed to one side of the work bench, it is used for holding the work firmly when carrying out and operation.

2. BENCH STOP: Bench stop is a small pieces of wood fixed to top of one end of the work-bench. It is used to prevent a piece from sliding off the bench when planning.

3. BENCH HOOK: Bench hook is almost made of wood and firmly fixed to the top of the bench. It is used for supporting a work piece when cutting, chiselling, etc.

4. BENCH HOLD FAST: Is a screw device used for holding job firmly onto the bench while sawing, chiseling or boring operation is being carried out.

MEASURING, TESTING, SETTING AND MARKING OUT TOOLS

1. RULLER: Ruler is used for measuring distance between two points.

2. TRY SQUARE: Try square is used for marking out straight line at right angle to an adjacent surface and for checking the squareness of surface and edges.

3. SLIDING BEVELL: The sliding bevel is used for marking out and testing bevel.

4. METRE SQUARE: Meter Square is used for setting out and checking angles 450 to each other. It is used for setting out and checking angles of 450 and 350.

5. WING COMPASSES: Wing compasses is made of steel and used for describing arcs and circles

and marking out distances.

6. TRAMMELS: Trammel is a combination of wood and metals. It is used for marking out large segments and circles.

7. MARKING GUAGE: Marking gauge is made of wood and metal pointer. It is used for marking parallel lines, e.g. when sawing wood to uniform width or thickness.

8. ‘G’ CRAMP: G cramp: is a metal cramp used for holding the job to the bench while sawing or chiseling.

9. SASH CRAMP: Sash cramp is a large cramp that is used to hold the parts to jobs together while gluing, e.g. door frame, etc.

10. F- CLAMP: The F-Clamp performs similar function with ‘G’ Cramp.

CUTTING, PLAINING AND DRILLING TOOLS

SAW

A saw consists of a steel blade firmly attached to a wooden handle. The cutting teeth are set alternatively left and right to give clearance.

The different types of saws and their uses are explained as follows:

1. RIP SAW: Rip saw is used for rough sawing along the grain of the wood.

2. CROSS CUT SAW: Cross cut saw is used for cutting wood across the grain.

3. TENON SAW: Tenon saw is used for accurate sawing to length across the grain and cutting joints, such as tenon and other small bench work.

4. DOVETAIL SAW: Devetail saw is used for dove-tail joints, precision saw and other small bench work.

5. COPING SAW: The coping saw is used mainly for cutting both internal and external curve in thin wood and plywood and can cut in any direction.

6. FRET SAW: Fret saw is used for cutting complex curves and shape in plywood and thick veneers. The high frame enables it to be used over a wide area.

7. BOW SAW: Bow saw is generally used for sawing heavy external curves.

ASSIGNMENT

1. List and explain the uses of 12 woodwork hand tools you know?

Please submit your work to this email address: yakubuesson@gmail.com

SUBJECT: MORAL INSTRUCTIONS/DOCTRINSCLASS: JSS 1 A, B&CTOPIC: THE DOCTRINE OF THE TRINITY IN RELATION TO THE

FAITHFUL

Definition of the most Holy Trinity.

The most Holy Trinity is defined by the Church as the belief that there is only one God and in this God there are three persons-The Father the Son and the Holy Spirit – within the unity of nature.

The proves that the Holy Spirit, God the Father and God the Son are one.

God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit, are equal in nature because each is distinct from another, but fully God in Himself and yet not three Gods but one God. There is unity among the three divine persons, the Father is wholly in the Son and wholly in the Holy Spirit, and likewise the Holy Spirit is wholly in the Father and wholly in the Son (Jn. 1:1).

Proves to show that the Son and the Holy Spirit Were at work in the creation of the universe.

It can be proved that the Holy Spirit were at work in this statement, “in the beginning was the word, the word was with God and the word was God. All thing were made through him and without him was not anything made that was made (Jn. 1:1-3).

Three example to show where the Church invokes the Blessed Trinity

1. The church invokes the blessed trinity during the sacrament of Baptism.2. During reconciliation and3. At the beginning of prayer in the sign of the cross and blessings by priests.

Explanation on how the soul is a dwelling place of the Trinity

My soul is a dwelling place of the trinity with the following examples:-

a. In the confirmation, I did not receive not just the Holy Spirit but the blessed Trinity.

b. Again in the Eucharist we receive the Holy Trinity and not only Jesus Christ in body is called the temple of the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 6:9).

Test Questions:

1. Mention Four (4) prove to show that the Holy Spirit is at work at the creation of the Universe?

2. Give Three (3) example to show were the Church invoke the Blessed Trinity?

3. Explain how the soul is the dwelling place in the Holy Spirit?Please submit your work to this email address: abecristy@gmail.com

HOME ECONOMICS – JSS1 (LESSON 2)

CHILD’S CARE

Good Nutrition: Poor feeding in infancy can retard growth. A baby can be fed by the use of feeding either by the breast or bottle. The breast milk is the best. As baby grows, suitable semi-solid foods (cereals) are introduced.

BREAST FEEDING

This is the natural way to feed a baby. It can be started immediately after birth. A baby can be fed exclusively on breast milk from birth to six months.

ADVANTAGES OF BREAST FEEDING

1. Breast milk contains all the nutrients needed by a baby more than any other food.2. It contains antibodies which protect the child against disease infection.3. It is sterile and free from disease germs4. It is produced in the right temperature.5. It does not require any elaborate preparation6. It is easily digested and absorbed by the baby7. Breast-fed babies are not easily constipated8. Breast feeding brings mother and child very close. It makes the baby happy9. Breast milk never goes sour or bad. It is cheaper than artificial feeding10. Breast feeding helps in child spacing. Many women do not ovulate or menstruate while

breast feeding.

COLOSTRUM

This is the first milk produced in the first few days by a nursing mother. It is yellowish in color. It helps to clear the baby’s first sticky stool called meconium.

COMMON CHILDHOOD AILMENT

i. Deadly Diphtheria: This is a bacterial disease that invade the throat. It is spread through contact with salivary or nasal secretions, such as cough and sneeze from an infected person. The symptom is sore throat and can damage heart muscle and peripheral nerves. Children who are not vaccinated are prone to being infected with the disease.

ii. Diarrhea: This is passing of watery stool at short intervals. It can be treated by giving the child oral rehydration therapy after each stool.

iii. Polio: This is a contagious viral illness that in its most severe form causes paralysis, difficulty in breathing and sometimes death. Polio is caused by a virus that enters the body through the mouth and multiplies inside the throat and intestines. The symptoms

include fever, fatigue, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, stiffness in the neck and pain in the limbs.

iv. Chicken pox: Chicken pox is caused by a virus. It is highly contagious. Symptoms include itching rash that starts in the scalp and spread to the stomach and other parts of the body.

v. Measles: This is a disease caused by a virus.it mostly affects children but can occur at any age. Symptoms include fever, red eyes and rash on the face and the skin. Measles can also be contacted from the air.

vi. Whooping cough: This is also known as pertussis. This is a very contagious and dangerous respiratory infection caused by bacteria known as Bordetella pertussis. Symptoms include runny nose and cough that gets worse and worst. It is spread through the air making it very infectious.

vii. Tetanus: This is caused by a bacteria that is common in the soil. People who are not vaccinated against tetanus may get infected by stepping on a dirty nail or getting cut by a dirty tool.

ASSIGNMENT

1. Mention 5 advantages of breast feeding2. What is colostrum3. Highlight 5 common childhood ailment

N/B: All assignments must be submitted to this email: agbayemonica@gmail.com

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY JSS1, LESSON 2. 01/06/2020.

INFORMATION

Information is processed data (or raw facts). Information refers to data that have been converted into a more meaningful form.

Information = data + process

For example, if you collect scores of Basic Science and Technology for five students in JSS1 class of a particular school, you have collected data.

Student’s number Scores‘017/001 50%‘017/002 33%‘017/003 70%‘017/004 64%‘017/005 55%

When the minimum pass mark of 50% is programmed into the computer, the following information can be given ꓽ

1. The highest score2. The minimum score3. The number of student(s) that passed the course4. The number of student(s) that failed the course.

Qualities of good Information

The following are qualities of good information ꓽ

1. Timely ꓽ it must be available at the right time when users need it.2. Accurate ꓽ it must be correct and free of errors.3. Meaningful ꓽ it must be expressed in a language and way that the receiver

will understand.4. Relevant ꓽ it should be related to the matter in hand5. Comprehensive ꓽ it must be full, complete, and easy to understand.6. Economical ꓽ it must not be too costly so that the user can afford it.7. Suitable ꓽ it should be right for the purpose or occasion in which it is being

made.8. Reliability ꓽ it must be unfailing.

SUMMARY

1. Information ꓽ is the processed data.2. The qualities of good information are Timely, Accurate, Meaningful,

Relevant, Comprehensive, Economical, Suitable, and Reliability.

Assignment

1. What information did you know about corona virus, covid19?2. Give five (5) sources you have gotten information about covid19.

Note ꓽ to be submitted via my email ꓽ ioryaasa@gmail.com

JSS1

FRENCH LANGUAGE 5/6/2020

Topic: parler less veterments

(Names of dress in french)

1. La chemise – shirt

2. Le pantalon – trouser

3. Les chaussettes – shoes

4. La cravate – tie

5. La ceinture – belt

6. Le chapeau – cap

7. Le collier – neckless

8. Le foulard – head tie

9. Le bracelet – crown

10. La montre – wrest watch

ASSIGNMENT

Now translate the following to English

1. la bouche d’oreille

2. Le pagne

3. La robe

4. La jube

5. La blouse

6. Le manteau

7. La culatte

8. Le tricot

Please submit your work to this email address mbagrace684@gmail.com

JSS1 Basic Science note.

TOPIC:: FORCEForce is anything that cause a body at rest to change direction, position or a moving body to stop.(which includes to begin moving from a state of rest)that is ,to accelerate. It can cause an object with mass to change its velocity. It is expressed as,

FORCE =mass × acceleration.The SI unit of force is newton(N).

TYPES OF FORCEThere are two types of force as,

1.Contact forces.

Those forces which represent the result of physical contact between two objects ,where one of the objects exert force on the other.

Some examples of contact forces are;

(a)Stretching of spring of a balance.

(b)pushing of pram

(c)kicking of football

(d) pushing the door

(e)Hitting the bell etc.

Some types of contact force are;

(1)Muscular force:this is a force due to the acting of muscles.

(2)Frictional force:this force comes from the intterections with a surface as an object moves or tries to move relative to the surface.This helps to slow dowm moving objects or change the state of motion.

Advantages of frictional force.

(a)It help to hold the srews and nails in the wood.

(b)the lighting of a matchstick is due to frictional force.

(c)The frictional force existing between the sole of our shoes and the ground enables us to walk

(d)Frictional force exist between the tire of auto mobile and the road thus,enables the vehicle to move.

(e)The brake leather used in the braking system of cars and others veicles are provided with rough surfaces such that the provide maximum friction when brake is applied

Disadvantages of frictional forces.(a)Friction increase the energy require by machines

(b)Frictions causes wear and tear in machines and render them useless.

(c)Friction reduces the speed of moving vehicle to a great extent.

(3)Tension force:This is when the forces is applied through a spring,cable,rope etc.A tensoin force can only pull, it cannot push.

(4)Mechanical force:this is a force produce by a machine.No machine produced force by its own.Some kind of forces require to move a car comes from the fuel and the power source.

2.Non contact forces.

This is when two or more bodies exact force on one another without coming into contact.eg.magnetic,electrical, gravitaional, electrostatic etc.

(1)Magnetic force:This is a force that exist around magnetic substances eg,a magnetic bar.Some substances like ,iron,steel,cobalt,nickel, when placed in a coil carrying electric current develop strange properties of attraction.This is called magnetic property.

(2)Gravitational force:This is the force with which the earth attract objects towards its centre.When ever an object drop,its always falls freely towards the ground,for example,a ripe fruit fall towards the earth from a tree.The earth pull all objects towards its centre,this pull is called gravity or gravitational force

(3)Electrostatic force:This is a force that exists around charged bodies.Its is the force from static electricity which can attract objects towards it.This force tend to act over a short distance.Thus,electrostatic force is used in removing carbon and ash particles in smokes,coming put of the chimney of big factories thus help in reducing air pollution.

DIFFRENCES BETWEEN GRAVITATINAL AND MAGNETIC FORCE.

(a)Gravitational force is the pull exerted by on an object, while Magnetic force is the property of some magnetic substances to attract magnetic materials towards itself.

(b)The direction of the force is always towards the Centre of the earth while magnetic is, the direction of the force is towards the Magnet.

(c)Gravitational strength of the force is weak while magnetic force strength is strong.

ASSIGNMENT.

(1)A brick resting on a table. What must you do to make the brick move?

(2)A mechanic using a spanner, what type of force does he use when using the spanner?

(3) What is the unit of force and what is its symbol?

(4)Complete the table by adding words from the list.

Air resistance, electric force, friction, gravity, magnetic force, surface tension and up-thrust.

Contact force Non-contact force

(5) Below are magnetic bars, What would happen in each case as south and north poles of magnets face each other, and as north of both magnets face each other?

N S N S

S NN S

(6)The pair of sandal you brought to school last term had wear out, write down the cause of the wearing away of the sandals?

(7)A car at a bent loses control, but later stop without causing any accident, state the force that enables the car to come to a stand still.

(8)State five activities you do at home that involved contact force.

Submit here:joealiisa@gmai.com

CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ART JSS1

1. What is a Stage?2. Mention and explain the different types of Stages.3. Explain the term “Dance drama”.4. Mention four functions of the drama and explain them.5. Explain the functions of a Drama director in a play or drama.

BUSINESS STUDIES.

JSS 1

TOPIC: HONESTY IN BUSINESS.

The reason for doing business is to make profit. Any business that cannot make profit will soon fold up. A lot of people involved in business. This will always require exchange of goods and services with the use of money. Because of this, there is need for honesty.

MEANING OF TRUTHFULNESS OR HONESTY.

Being truthful means saying only what is true. To be truthful is giving the true facts about something. A person is said to be saying the truth when the true facts about something is presented. It is saying what the situation is without lying. Truthfulness therefore, means giving the true facts about something without any form of lies.

ATTRIBUTES OF TRUTHFULNESS.

1. Consistent behavior.2. Steadfastness.3. Straight forwardness.

FACTORS THAT MAKE PEOPLE TO TELL LIES.

a) Lateness.b) Fear.c) Habit.d) Greed.

REWARD OF TRUTHFULNESS.

I. Peace of mind.II. Promotion

III. Trustworthiness.

REWARDS OF NOT NEING TRUTHFUL.

1. Shame.2. Business failures3. Unemployment.4. Leadership failures.

ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS.

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

1. What is truthfulness?2. State any two consequences of not being truthful and explain them.3. Explain on your own understanding why a lot of people involve in business.