MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTESMAIN IDEAS 1. Europeans explored and colonized the Americas Different European powers

(English, Spanish, French and Dutch) established colonies and competed for dominance in the New World. 

2. The colonization of the New World had an impact on people both in Europe, America and Africa. Europeans discovered new foods in the New World which revolutionized diets and lead to a population boom. Europeans also brought crops, livestock and animals to the Americas. Some Native Americans lost land, were enslaved and got ill from European diseases. Africa was colonized by Europe and African slaves were brought to the Americas.

3. The Colonies were established by diverse groups of people for a variety of reasons. Colonies were established for profit, some for religious freedom. The people who settled them were people of different religions, ethnicities, and social standing, contributing to the diversity of America

4. Within the British colonies, the New England, Middle and Southern Colonies had unique climates, geography and economies.

5. As part of the Mercantilist system, American colonies played an important economic role to England and were strictly regulated. This was very profitable for England, as the Colonies enjoyed vigorous trade.  England tried to regulate trade through a series of laws called the Navigation Acts.

6. In The French and Indian War Britain and France struggled for dominance in North America. At the beginning of the war the Americans weighed a proposal to unite the under a limited colonial government, for purposes of common defense. The British won the war, but incurred a war debt for which they would tax the Americans to help pay.

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

I. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION of AMERICA

A) The First Americans

1. Bering Strait Land Bridge theory =

2. adaption to varied climates lead to development of unique and diverse cultures

B) the Vikings

C) The “Age of Discovery” Causes:

o Crusades fueled a desire for new trade routes

o Renaissance inventions improved ocean navigation

Early exploration and colonization by Portuguese

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

D) SPANISH EXPLORATION & COLONIZATION IN AMERICA

1. CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

2. THE CONQUISTADORSHernando Cortes

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTESFrancisco Pizarro

Ponce De Leon

Francisco Coronado

3. Spanish Missions

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

E) FRENCH EXPLORATION & COLONIZATION 1. Jacques Cartier-

2. Samuel Champlain-

3. Roberto La Salle

4. New France

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

F) DUTCH EXPLORATION & COLONIZATION 1. Henry Hudson

2. Founding of New Amsterdam

3. NEW NETHERLAND

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES4. Economy of New Amsterdam

5. Life in New Amsterdam

6. Peter Stuyvesant

7. The British takeover

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

II. FOUNDING THE BRITISH COLONIES

A) Jamestown (1607) -Founded by Virginia Company of London

-James River, Chesapeake Bay Virginia

-First permanent English colony in America

-early struggles of the Jamestown colony

-John Smith

-Starving Time

- Tobacco

B) Plymouth Bay (1620) & Massachusetts Bay (1630)Plymouth Bay Colony (1620)

Mayflower compact

Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

III. NEW ENGLAND COLONIESA) THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES 1. MASSACHUSETTS

Plymouth Bay- 1620 Massachusetts Bay 1630 Merged in 1691 Included Maine (seceded from Mass) Government democratic, but religious

o Would hold town meetingso Adult male puritans could voteo Tax funded church

2. CONNECTICUT Thomas Hooker founds Hartford in 1635

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

3. RHODE ISLAND-founded by Roger Williams in 1636-founded on principles on religious toleration-Separation of church and state

4. NEW HAMPSHIRE

B) CLIMATE & GEOGRAPHY-

C) ECONOMY

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTESD) LIFE IN NEW ENGLAND

1. Population

2. Religion in New England

3. Education

IV. Middle ColoniesA) the Middle Colonies1. New Amsterdam/ New York

2. Pennsylvania William Penn & the Quakers

Pennsylvania Dutch

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

3. New Jersey

4. Delaware

B) Climate & Geography

C) Economy

D) LIFE IN THE MIDDLE COLONIES 1. Population

2.Religion

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTES

V. SOUTHERN COLONIES

A) Founding the Southern Colonies:

1. Virginia Founded in 1607 by Virginia Company of London

Earliest British colony in the south

Succeeds with discovery that tobacco grows well there

2. North & South Carolina Early attempts to settle unsuccessful (Roanoke) Originally established as the Province of Carolina Split into North Carolina & South Carolina

3. Maryland

Founded by Lord Baltimore as a haven for Catholics Passed Act of Toleration which guaranteed religious

freedom in colony, but was repealed

4. Georgia Established in 1732 by James Ogelthorpe to be a haven for debtors Served as a buffer colony between Spanish Florida and the rest of the

British colonies.

MR. GOODMAN: BUTLER 7 SOCIAL STUDIES COLONIAL AMERICA NOTESB) Climate & Geography

C) Economy

D) Life in the Southern Colonies

1. Plantations

2. Backcountry