Chapter 24. Bruce E. Tabashnik, Marshall W. Johnson. 1999. Evolution of pesticide resistance in natural enemies. Pages 673-689. In: Thomas S. Bellows, T. W. Fisher, L. E. Caltagirone, D. L. Dahlsten, G. Gorth, C. B. Huffaker. 1999. Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications of Biological Control. San Francisco CA: Academic Press, 1046 pages.

Keywords: hypotheses and evidence, bias in documentation, hypotheses proposed to explain the scarcity of pesticide resistance in natural enemies, differential preadaptation, detoxification enzymes, pesticide susceptibility of field and stored grain populations of natural enemies, summary of pesticide susceptibility of field and stored grain populations of natural enemies, synergistic ration of carbaryl with piperonyl butoxide as an indicator of mixed function oxidase activity in entomophagous and herbivorous insects, intrinsic tolerance, genetic variation, fitness costs, population ecology, food limitation, life history traits, exposure, genetic systems, perversity of Nature