· Web viewGolgi apparatus has 2 sides- one that receives proteins from the ER and one that ships...
Transcript of · Web viewGolgi apparatus has 2 sides- one that receives proteins from the ER and one that ships...
Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________
Student Exploration: Cell StructureVocabulary: cell membrane, cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1. What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an
organism? ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals
cannot?) __________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Gizmo Warm-up
The Cell Structure Gizmo™ allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a microscope. On the ANIMAL CELL tab, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the Zoom slider to see the cell at a magnification of 2000x (2000 times larger than normal). On the dropdown menu, select Centrioles.
1. Use the up/down and left/right sliders to manipulate the cell. Find the red arrow pointing to the centrioles. Make a sketch of the centrioles in the space below.
2. Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function? ________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Activity A: Animal cells Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the microscope.
Set the Zoom to 2000x.
Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell?
1. Label : Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.
2. Match : Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.
____ Cytoplasm
____ Lysosome
____ Mitochondria
____ Centriole
____ Endoplasmic reticulum
____ Vacuole
____ Cell membrane
____ Nucleus
____ Ribosome
____ Nuclear membrane
____ Golgi apparatus
____ Vesicle
____ Nucleolus
A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes.
B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals.
C. Membrane that protects the nucleus.
D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell.
E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals.
F. Structures that converts nutrients to energy.
G. Passageways where chemicals are made.
H. Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane.
I. Structure that manufactures ribosomes.
J. Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell.
K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus.
L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins.
M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.
Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform?
1. Label : Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.
2. Compare : What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell?
What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell?
3. Fill in : Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions.A. _____________________ convert sunlight to chemical energy.
B. The _____________________ and the _____________________ help to support
the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape.
C. _____________________ store food or pigments.
D. The _____________________ converts food into energy. It is found in both plant
cells and animal cells.
Activity B: Plant cells Select the PLANT CELL tab, and click Sample. Set the Zoom to 2000x.
Academic Cell Organelles Textbook Info
Use your textbook to answer the following questions:
Nucleus In the nucleus, DNA is usually found in
the loose thread-like form called ________.
__________________ describes when chromatin is condensed during cell division.
The nuclear membrane surrounding the nucleus has ______ to allow materials into and out of the nucleus.
The _________ is a region within the nucleus that assembles (creates) ribosomes.
Cytoplasm – Jelly like substance that protects and cushions the organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Divided into 2 different sections
1. Rough ER
The rough ER is considered rough because it has ___________ on its membranes.
The function of the rough ER is to modify __________ which were created by the ribosomes.
2. Smooth ER
The smooth ER does not have __________ on its membranes. The function of the Smooth ER is to synthesize ________ and
detoxify the body of _________.
Golgi Apparatus Function is to modify, _____ and
______________ proteins from the _________________.
Packages the proteins in vesicles for storage or secretion outside the cell
Vesicles are “containers” used to store wastes, water food or chemicals
Vesicles found in both plants and animals.
Lysosomes Contain ________enzymes Function is to release enzymes to
break down food (hydrolysis) or to recycle damaged ____________.
Vacuole
Plants have a large ____________ vacuole which stores water.
This supports the cells by filling water to keep plants upright.
Vacuoles found in both plants and animals.
Mitochondria Organelle that converts chemical
energy in food into energy for the cell Contains ___ membranes; an inner and
outer membrane.
Chloroplasts Convert _________ into ___________
energy during ________________. Contains ____ membranes.
Cytoskeleton Network of __________
filaments that helps the cell to maintain ________ and ________________.
Made of microtubules (small tubes) that are also found in cilia and ___________.
Cell Wall Found in both plant cells and bacterial cells (NOT ANIMAL
CELLS) Outside of the cell membrane Rigid membrane whose main function is to provide ___________
and protection for the cell.
Cell Organelles Packet
Part A: MATCHING
Match the organelle to its correct function/description. Some letters may be used more than once.
_____ 1. Converts sunlight into chemical energy A. Smooth ER
_____ 2. Modifies proteins before shipment out of cell B. Mitochondria
_____ 3. Packages and sorts proteins for shipping in the cell C. Nucleus
_____ 4. Synthesizes lipids D. Golgi Body
_____ 5. Breaks down food into usable energy for the cell E. Chloroplast
_____ 6. Regulates what enters and exits the cell F. Nucleolus
_____ 7. Contains DNA & controls the cell G. Rough ER
_____ 8. Creates vesicles to house the materials for cell transport H. Cell membrane
_____ 9. Detoxifies the cell of drugs/chemicals
_____ 10. Synthesizes ribosomes
Part B: True/False
Write T or F on the line below for each statement. If false, correct it.
_____ 1. All cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall.
_____ 2. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain DNA.
_____ 3. The nucleus is the site of most chemical reactions within the cell.
_____ 4. The nuclear membrane does not allow anything to enter or exit the nucleus.
_____ 5. DNA is usually found in the condensed form of chromosomes.
_____ 6. Golgi apparatus has 2 sides- one that receives proteins from the ER and one that ships proteins out after finishing them.
_____ 7. Centrioles have 2 membranes- one inner and one outer.
Part C: Draw a line to connect the cell part/organelle to its correct function/description. There may be multiple lines connecting to a single cell part.
_____ 1. Contains digestive enzymes Ribosomes
_____ 2. Contains instructions for building proteins Chloroplast
_____ 3. Site of protein synthesis (creation) Cell wall
_____ 4. Controls movement of DNA during cell division Centriole
_____ 5. Found floating in cytoplasm and on the rough ER Vacuole
_____ 6. Destroys damaged organelles to recycle for parts Cytoskeleton
_____ 7. Site of photosynthesis Lysosome
_____ 8. Digests food particles to release nutrients DNA
_____ 9. Rigid outer layer to protect and support plant cell shape
_____ 10. Protein network to help with internal structure and movement
Part D: Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
Put a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in plant cells, animal cells or both.
Organelle Plant Cells
Animal Cells
Cell Wall
Vesicle
Chloroplast
Centriole
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Organelle Plant Cells
Animal Cells
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Plasma membrane
Central vacuole
Ribosome
Vacuole
Part E: Cell City Analogy – Match the organelle to the underling city part in the scenario.
In a far away city called Eukaryopolis, the main export and production product is the steel widget. Everyone in the town has something to do with steel widget making and the entire town is designed to build and export widgets. The town hall has the instructions for widget making, widgets come in all shapes and sizes and any citizen of Grant can get the instructions and begin making their own widgets. Widgets are generally produced in small shops around the city, these small shops can be built by the carpenter's union (whose headquarters are in town hall).
After the widget is constructed, they are placed on special carts which can deliver the widget anywhere in the city. In order for a widget to be exported, the carts take the widget to the postal office, where the widgets are packaged and labeled for export. Sometimes widgets don't turn out right, and the "rejects" are sent to the scrap yard where they are broken down for parts or destroyed altogether. The town powers the widget shops and carts from a hydraulic dam that is in the city. The entire city is enclosed by a large wooden fence, only the postal trucks (and citizens with proper passports) are allowed outside the city.
City Structure Organelle Explanation
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Golgi Apparatus
Protein
Cell Membrane
Lysosome
Nucleolus
Organelle Structures/Special Function Plants, 9
(*Not organelle)
Features Animals or Both
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth:
Rough:
Smooth:
Rough:
RibosomesFound:
Golgi Apparatus
Two sides:
Lysosome
Contains:
Produced by:
1.
2.
10
Organelle Structures/ Special Features
Function Plants, Animals or
Both
Central Vacuole
*Vesicles
Made in:
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
*Cytoskeleton (not an
organelle)
Made of:
*Centrioles
11
*Flagellum/Cilia
12
13
Label the cell using the Word Banks.
Type of cell:
Type of Cell:
14
Word Bank
Ribosomes
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Centriole
Golgi Body
Vesicle
Flagella
Smooth & Rough ER
Cytoskeleton
Word Bank
Ribosomes
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Choroplast
Golgi Body
Central Vacuole
Smooth & Rough ER
Cytoskeleton