ДЕПАРТАМЕНТ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ГОРОДА МОСКВЫГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ

ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ГОРОДА МОСКВЫ «МОСКОВСКИЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ КОЛЛЕДЖ»

Комплект тестовпо дисциплине «Английский язык»

по специальности 40.02.01 Право и организация социального обеспечения

Составитель: Стебенева С.А. Преподаватель ГБПОУ МТК

Москва2019

Профессиональная подготовка по дисциплине «Английский язык»по специальности 40.02.01 Право и организация социального

обеспечения

Комплект тестов подготовлен и составлен на основе Рабочей программы авторов Стебеневой С.А. и Игнатовой Н.Б. в соответствии с Государственными требованиями к уровню подготовки выпускника по специальности 40.02.01 Право и организация социального обеспечения.

Составитель: Стебенева С.А. Преподаватель ГБПОУ МТК

Москва2019

Test 1.Вариант №1.

Law and order. Crimes and criminals.1. Complete the sentences using a word in bold below.

defender, prisoner, commit, cell,

attorney, murder, rape, burglary,

capital punishment,

sentence, trial, barrister

1. He was sent to prison for ............... after a series of sexual attacks on women.2. The ................ happened during the night while he was away. They broke into the living room and took all the electrical goods.3. This is what takes place in a court of law.A ............ .4. The police found a dead body, but they don't know if it was an accident or a ............... . 5. When someone ............... a crime, there are many victims.6. The person who represents people in a higher court of law. In England: a ............... . In the USA: a ............... .8. In some countries, there is ............... for certain crimes such as murder or terrorism. 9. The person who collects evidences from the witnesses against the accused and brings the matters into court. The ............... .10. When someone is guilty, the judge may give that person a prison ............... .11. Someone kept in prison is called a ..............., and their room is a ............... .

(12 marks)2. Find an unsuitable word in the group of four words and cross it out. 1. assassin drug dealer hit man murderer2. accused robber burglar pickpocket3. judge jury investigator

sentence4. proof alibi fingerprints prison

(4 marks)3. Complete the table.

crime criminal verbtheft

robberbreak in

(6 marks)1. Изучение права традиционно проводит различие между

публичным и частным правом.2. К 1250 г. сложилась единообразная система права, которая стала

называться общим правом, потому что применялась на территории

всей Англии и Уэльса.3. Английские судьи слушают серьезные уголовные дела в Суде

Короны.4. В Великобритании нет письменной конституции, а только

прецеденты и традиции.5. Закон ограничивает права и свободы людей для обеспечения

общественной безопасности.6. Согласно российской правовой доктрине, при вынесении решений

судьям следует использовать только письменной законодательство, содержащееся кодексах, законодательных актах (статутах) или постановлениях.

(12 marks)V. Choose the right word for every gap.

State System of the Russian FederationThe Russian Federation was 1) ……… by the Constitution of 1993.Under the 2) ……… Russia is a presidential republic.The federal government consists of three 3) ……… : legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is balanced by the President.The legislative power is 4) ……… in the Federal Assembly.It consists of two 5) ……… .The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation. The Lower Chamber is the State Duma.

Each chamber in the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation is 6) ……… by the Speaker.Bills may be initiated by the two Chambers. But to become a law a bill must be 7) ……… by both Chambers and signed by the President. The President may 8) ……… the bill.The President is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, he signs treaties, enforces the law and 9) ……… ministers, who are subject to the approval of the Federal Assembly.The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The first action of the Prime Minister on appointment is to 10) ……… the Cabinet.The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the district courts.

The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a four-year period.

1. a) established b) started c) created d) formed2. a) law b) contract c) Convention d) Constitution3. a) elements b) houses c) branches d) chambers4. a) exercised b) belonged c) vested d) made5. a) chambers b) branches c) fields d) elements

6.

a) headed b) controlled

c) bound d) determined

7.

a) approved b) agreed

c) repealed d) made

8.

a) cancel b) repeal c) deny d) veto

9.

a) elects b) appoints

c) chooses d) means

10.

a) make b) form c) repair d) create

(10 marks)5. Translate the sentences into Russian using Gerund.Переведите предложения на русский язык.1. Could you please stop making so much noise?2. He was accused of having broken the law.3. Does your work involve meeting a lot of people?4. I considered taking the job but in the end I decided against it.5. The batteries of this radio need changing.6. She can’t stand being contradicted.7. He kept on interrupting me while I was speaking.8. He did not object to being examined.9. What are the reason for accuse he of taking the papers?10. The picture is definitely worth buying.

6. Translate the sentences into English using Gerund.1. Я не мог избежать разговора с ней.2. Я не отрицаю, что помогаю им.3. Я не могу оправдать его работу на конкурирующую фирму.4. Терпеть не могу ждать.5. Наконец мне удалось найти дорогу.6. Мы извинились за опоздание.7. Бессмысленно давать ему советы, он не хочет никого слушать.

(17 marks)

Total: 61 marks

Test 1.Вариант №2.

Law and order. Crimes and criminals.1. Complete the sentences using a word in bold below.

punishment, manslaughter, accused, minor, jury,

broke in, theft, defendant, judge, robbery, shoplifting, fine

1. There was a bank ............... here last week - they got away with over £1 million.2. Car ............... is one of the most common crimes in our country today.3. The person charged with the crime.

The ............... or the ................4. When the couple were arrested for ............... outside the department store, each other were wearing five gold watches.5. The thieves ............... the house and stole money and credit cards.6. Killing someone by accident is called ............... .7. The person who decides what sentence a criminal will have. The ............... .8. The twelve people who listen to evidence and decide if the person is guilty. The ............... 9. Small crimes like illegal parking are called ............... offences and if someone is found guilty, the ............... will not be prison, but a ..............., e.g. £100.

(12 marks)2. Find an unsuitable word in the group of four words (horizontally) and cross it out. shoplifter hijacker murder stalkerstole deceived damaged questionedguilty manslaughter theft fraudbribe smuggle charge mug

(4 marks)

3. Complete the table.crime criminal verb

shopliftingburglar

murder(6 marks)

4. Translate the sentences into English.1. Английские юристы обычно противопоставляют гражданское

право уголовному.2. Великобритания управляется Парламентом, а Королева является

главой государства.3. Английский король передал некоторые судебные полномочия

Канцлеру.

4. Россия – страна гражданского права и судьи только объясняют применяемые ими законы; прецедент не может служить источником права.

5. Юридические лица платят более высокие налоги, чем физические лица.

6. Английское общее право начало развиваться после завоевания Англии Вильгельмом Завоевателем в 1066 г.

(12 marks)V. Choose the right word for every gap.

UK Political SystemThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a 1) ……… .This means that Great Britain is 2) ……… by the Parliament and the 3) ……… is Head of State.The legislative power in the country is 4) ……… by the Houses of Parliament.The British Parliament consists of two 5) ……… : the House of Lords and the House of Commons.The 6) ……… power in the United Kingdom is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet.The government is usually 7) ……… by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons.The Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is 8) ……… by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.The judiciary branch of the government 9) ……… common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive 10) ……… .There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.

1. a) presidential republic

b) parliamentary republic

c) constitutional monarchy

d) a unitary state

2. a) established

b) governed c) created d) made

3. a) President

b) Prime Minister c) Queen d) governor

4. a) determined

b) belonged c) vested d) exercised

5. a) chambers

b) branches c) elements d) fields

6. a) legislative b) executive c) judiciary d) political7. a) made b) formed c) repaired d) appointed8. a) elected b) formed c) chosen d) appointed9. a) makes b) repeals c) determines d) supports10. a) branches b) houses c) chambers d) elements

(10 marks)

5. Translate the sentences into Russian using Gerund.1. The arrested man was suspected of breaking into houses.2. Don’t go if you don’t feel like going.3. Have you ever thought of getting married?4. Do you think the grass needs cutting?5. You can’t learn to skate without falling.6. He denied having seen this man before.7. They postponed sending an answer to the request.8. Unfortunately I haven’t succeeded in making much impression on you.9. His proposition was worth considering.10. I thanked him again for lending me the car?

6. Translate the sentences into English using Gerund.1. Он поблагодарил их за то, что его выслушали.2. Вы подозреваете, что я вам лгу?3. Его обвинили в краже автомобиля.4. Тогда я заподозрил его в том, что он обманывает.5. Я не могла не рассмеяться.6. Вы ничего не имеете против, чтобы мы обсудили этот вопрос

завтра?7. Его предложение стоит рассмотреть.

(17 marks)

Total: 61 marks

Test 2.Вариант №1.

State System of RussiaRussia is a parliamentary republic. Head of State in this country is the President. The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The President controls each of them.The legislative power is exercised by the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers: the Council of Federation and the State Duma. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. A bill may be introduced in any chamber. A bill becomes a law if it is approved by both chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill. He can make international treaties. The President may also appoint ministers; the Federal Assembly approves them. The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by the people for four years. The executive power belongs to the Government, or the-Cabinet of Ministers. The government is headed by the Prime Minister. The judicial power belongs to the system of courts. It consists of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and other courts.The national symbol of Russia is a white-blue-and-red banner. The coat-of-arms of the Russian Federation is the double-headed eagle.

I. Answer the questions:1. What branches does the Government consist of?2. What is the legislative power exercised by?3. How is a law made?4. What body does the executive power belong to?5. What does the system of courts consist of?6. What are the national symbols of Russia?

II. Translate into English:1. Глава парламентской республики России - президент.2. Федеральное собрание состоит из двух палат: Государственной думы (нижней палаты) и Совета Федерации (верхней палаты).3. Законопроект становится законом, если президент не наложит на него вето.4. Законопроект должен быть одобрен обеими палатами и подписан президентом.5. Исполнительную власть представляет кабинет министров, возглавляемый премьер-министром.6. Судебная власть осуществляется Конституционным судом, Верховным судом и другими судами.

III. Render the following sentences into indirect speech: 1. “Don’t forget to clean your teeth”, said granny to Helen. 2. “Don’t sit up late”, said doctor to Mary. 3. The doctor said to Pete, "Don’t go for a walk today". 4. “Don’t eat too much ice-cream”, said Nick’s mother to him. 5. “Explain to me how to solve this problem”, said my friend to me. 6. “Don’t be afraid of my dog”, said the man to Kate. 7. “Take this book and read it”, said the librarian to the boy. 8. Mike said to Jane, "Will you come to the railway station to see me off?"9. I said to her, “Can you give me their address”? 10. Tom remarked, “I didn’t expect him to be so young.”11. Jane said, “I am sorry I am late.”12. Sam told Boris, “It is raining outside. Take an umbrella.”

13. He inquired, “Do you want to speak to me?”14. She wondered, “When will you arrive?”

Test 2.Вариант №2.

UK Political SystemThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain is governed by the Parliament and the Queen is Head of State. The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom.The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet. The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.The judiciary branch of the government determines common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive branches. There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.I. Answer the questions:1. What does the term "constitutional monarchy" mean?2. What is the legislative power exercised by?3. What are the chambers of the Parliament composed of?4. How is the executive branch of the government formed?5. What is the function of the judiciary branch of the government?6. Is there a written Constitution in Great Britain?II. Translate into English:1. Термин «конституционная монархия» означает, что Великобритания управляется парламентом, а главой государства является королева.2. Законодательная власть принадлежит парламенту, состоящему из двух палат.3. Члены палаты общин, реального органа управления страной, избираются народом от округов в Англии, Шотландии, Уэльсе и Северной Ирландии.4. Премьер-министр назначается королевой и сам назначает кабинет.5. Исполнительная власть в стране осуществляется премьер-министром и его кабинетом.6. Партия, имеющая большинство в палате общин, формирует правительство. Официальная оппозиция формирует свой теневой кабинет.III. Render the following sentences into indirect speech:

1. The teacher said to me, "Hand this note to your Parents, please." 2. Oleg said to his sister, “Put the letter into an envelope and give it to

Kate.”3. "Please help me with this work Henry”, said Robert.

4. “Don't worry over such a small thing Jane”, said Peter. 5. I said to Mike, "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive." 6. Peter said to them, "Don't leave the room until I come back." 7. "Bring me a cup of black coffee," she said to the waiter. 8. Mother answered, “The children are playing in the garden.”9. Mike noted: “I called him a few days ago.”10. Vlad explained, “I have had a flu, but now I am feeling much better.”11. His friend shouted, “It’s a lie!”12. He asked, “Are you playing football with us today?”13. She inquired, “Who will help me to do the washing up?”14. The boy asked, “Why were you so surprised?”

Test 2.Вариант №3.

US GovernmentThe USA is a presidential republic.The legislative branch of the US Government, or the Congress, represents all of the American states. It consists of two parts: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each state has two senators, who are elected every 6 years. A senator must be at least 30 years old, a citizen of the United States for 9 years, and live in the state she or he will represent. A representative must be at least 25 years old, a citizen for 7 years, and live in the state. The job of the Congress is to make laws. The President can veto a bill. The Congress can pass the law anyway if it gets a two-thirds majority vote. The Congress can also declare war. The House of Representatives can also impeach the President. This means that the House can charge the President with a crime. In this case, the Senate will put the President on trial. The Senate votes to approve the justices that the President appoints to the Supreme Court.The executive branch of the government puts the country's laws into effect. The President of the United States is a member of the executive branch. The President must be at least 35 years old, and be a natural citizen of the USA. In addition, he must have lived in the US for at least 14 years, and be a civilian. The President is elected every four years and cannot serve more than two terms. The Vice-President of the USA is president of the Senate. When the President receives a bill from the Congress, he must sign it, and then the bill becomes a law. However, if he disagrees with the law, he can veto it. The President can also ask the Congress to declare war. He also appoints the justices to the Supreme Court. He must do his job according to the Constitution, or he may be impeached.The judicial branch of the government is the system of courts in the United States. Its job is to enforce laws. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country. It consists of 9 justices: one Chief Justice and 8 associate justices. The President appoints the justices, but the Senate must approve them. The justices are appointed for life. The Supreme Court makes sure that people obey the laws. The Supreme Court can also decide if a law is constitutional, that is, if it is in agreement with the Constitution. The judicial branch works together with the legislative and executive branches to protect the Constitution and the rights of people.

I. Answer the questions:1. What does the legislative branch of the US government consist of?2. Who can be elected a senator? Who can be elected a representative?3. What are the functions of the Congress?

4. Who can be elected the President of the USA?5. What is the President's term of office? What can and must the President do?6. What is the judicial branch and what is its job?

II. Translate into English:1. Законодательная власть США, или конгресс, состоит из палаты представителей и сената.2. Конгресс может издавать законы и объявлять войну.3. Конгресс может также подвергнуть президента импичменту.4. Исполнительная власть претворяет в жизнь законы и состоит из президента, вице-президента и кабинета министров. 5. Президент может наложить вето на законопроект.6. Президент подписывает законы и назначает судей в Верховный суд.7. Вице-президент является президентом сената.8. Судебная власть следит за соблюдением законов и представляет собой систему судов.9. Верховный суд может решить, является ли закон конституционным.10. Цель правительства - защита конституции и прав человека в США.

III. Render the following sentences into indirect speech: 1. I said to Mike, "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive". 2. Jane said to us, "Please tell me all you know about it." 3. She said to Nick, "Please don't say anything about it to your sister."4. "Lock the door when you leave the house," my elder sister said to me.5. “Please don't smoke in the room,” said the old woman to her nephew.6. “Don't run to the door when you hear the bell," said the woman to her

little daughter.7. She said to the young man, “Can you call a taxi for me?”8. Mary said to Peter, “Will you come here tomorrow?”9. He asked, “What are you laughing at?10. Lena told her friend, ‘I am going to the seaside for a holiday.”11. The teacher said in surprise, “You have got a bad mark for your

test.”12. Jean said, “My Dad will be fifty years old next year.”

Test 3.Вариант №1.

1. Read the text.What Is Law?

The word «law» refers to limits upon various forms of behaviour. In all societies, relations between people are regulated by prescriptive laws, laws which prescribe how people ought to behave. For example, the speed limits are laws that prescribe how fast drivers should drive. Some of such laws are customs, that is, informal rules of social and moral behaviour. And some of them are precise laws made by individual nations, governments and enforced against all citizens within their power.

The purpose of government-made laws is social control and the implementation of justice. Sometimes laws are simply an attempt to implement common sense. It is obvious to most people that dangerous driving should be punished. But in order to be enforced, common sense needs to be defined in law.

The laws made by the government of one country are often very different from the laws of another country. But the law today is, to a large extent, a complex of different and relatively independent national systems. Despite major revisions over the centuries, the legal system of England and Wales is one of the oldest still operating in the modern world. English law has directly influenced the law of former British colonies such as Australia, India, Canada and the nation where law plays a bigger part in everyday life than anywhere else, the United States. In addition, although the legal systems of Western Europe and Japan come from rather different traditions, there are enough similarities in principle and institution.

Each country in the world, even each state of the United States, has its own system of law. But it should be said that there are two main traditions of law in the world. One is based on English Common Law, and has been adopted by many Commonwealth countries and most of the United States. The other tradition, sometimes known as Continental, or Roman law, has developed in most of continental Europe, Latin America and Africa which have been strongly influenced by Europe. Continental law has also influenced Japan's legal system. In these countries Continental systems have resulted from attempts by governments to produce a set of precise, detailed codes to govern every legal aspect of a citizen's life.2. Answer the questions:

1. How are relations between people regulated by in all societies?2. What is the main purpose of government-made laws?3. Why are the laws of one country different from the laws of another

country?4. What are two main traditions of law in the world?5. Where is common law adopted?6. Where has Continental law developed?7. The law of what countries has English law directly influenced?

3. Translate the sentences into Russian.1. The person charged with the criminal offence is the defendant. 2. A criminal case is brought by a prosecutor. 3. A successful criminal prosecution will result in a conviction. 4. The word «guilty» is used primarily of criminals. The corresponding word in civil cases is «liable», but this word is also used in criminal contexts. 5. The party bringing a civil action

is the plaintiff. 6. The party is one of the persons or sides in a legal agreement or dispute. 7. The defendant in a civil case is sued by the plaintiff.

4. Fill the gaps with a suitable word.In criminal proceedings a (1) ... prosecutes a defendant.The result of the (2) ... if successful is a (3) ... .And the defendant may be (4) ... by one of a variety of punishments ranging from life imprisonment to a fine or else may be released or discharged without (5) ... .In civil proceedings a plaintiff (6) ... (e.g. brings an action against) a defendant.The proceedings if successful result in (7) … for the plaintiff, and the defendant may be ordered to pay the (8)... money or to perform a contract.A court order not to do something is an (9) … .

a Judgmentb Prosecutorc Convictiond Plaintiffe Suesf Prosecutiong Punishmenth Injunctioni Punished

5. Match the verbs on the left with the nouns on the right.A B

1. bring a. the prosecution2. conduct b. a criminal3. investigate c. blame/right4. commit/charge

withd. the evidence

5. punish e. a case/an action/a prosecution

6. determine f. legal proceedings7. give/hear g. a case/a crime8. take/start h. an offence

6*. Match the verbs on the left with the verbs of similar meaning on the right.

A B1. abolish a. express disagreement2. agree b. decide, determine3. argue c. legal force to do smth4. avoid d. put an end to5. bind e. say «yes», be of the same opinion6. establish f. keep away from, escape7. settle / resolve g. set up

7*. Match the words on the left with the words of similar meaning on the right.A B1. issue a. trial

2. flexible b. subject of a dispute; question for discussion

3. benefit c. expert knowledge4. hearing d. advantage; help5. extra e. adaptable6. strict f. highest7. ordinary g. outside8. expertise h. precisely limited; exactly defined9. supreme i. normal, usual

Total: 47

Test 3.Вариант №2.

1. Read the text.Branches of the law

The law is the whole body of laws considered collectively. There are many ways in which the law can be classified. It can be divided into common law, civil law, criminal law, constitutional law, substantive and procedural laws, etc.

By the words «common law» we mean law which is common to the whole country - national law in contrast to local law. Common law (in England) is unwritten law based on judicial decisions made by judges in previous cases (case law) in contrast to the law made by Parliament or other law-making body (statute law). It distinguishes the common law legal systems based on precedents from the civil law jurisdictions based on civil codes. Law of equity is the application of principles of justice outside common law or statute.

A simple distinction between the criminal law and the civil law is that the latter regulates the relationships between individuals and the former regulates the legal relationships between the state and individual people and bodies. Examples of the civil law include breaches of contract (the law of contract), tort (literally meaning «wrong»), property or claims for damages for negligent conduct.

The criminal law is the law by which the state regulates the conduct of its citizens. Criminal offences range from the petty (e.g. parking offences) to the very serious (e.g. murder).Although the division between the civil and criminal law is clear, there are many actions, which will constitute a criminal offence and a civil wrong. For example, you are driving your car too fast. Suppose that while you were doing this you knocked over and injured an elderly man. You will have committed a criminal offence (dangerous driving) and a civil wrong (negligence). The legal consequences under the criminal and civil law will be different. You would be prosecuted by the state in the criminal courts for dangerous driving and sued by the elderly man in the civil courts for negligence. The two actions will be totally separate.

Procedural law is also a set of rules. Rules of procedure are the rules, which govern such matters as how the case is to be presented, in what court it shall lie, or when it is to be tried. Procedural rules are, in other words, the rules, which govern the machinery as opposed to the subject-matter.2. Answer the questions:1. How can the law be classified?2. What is common law based on?3. What is civil law based on?4. What is the difference between the common law legal systems and civil law?5. How do criminal offences range?6. What actions constitute a criminal offence and a civil wrong?7. How can you define procedural law?3. Translate the sentences into Russian.1. If the plaintiff is successful, the defendant will be found liable. 2. The distinction between crimes and civil wrongs relates to the legal consequences. 3. A court order not to do something is an injunction. 4. Judgment is the decision of a judge or court. 5. Procedure is the regular order of doing legal things. 6. A proceeding is a course of action. 7. Damages are money given as legal compensation. 8. To sue is to take legal

action against someone in a civil case.4. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word.We have no authority to deal with this matter: it does not come within our (1) ... .The person who goes to a higher court to ask it to change a decision or a sentence of a lower court is known to be called an (2) ... .To (3) ... means to take a question to a higher court for rehearing and a new decision.An (4) ... is a person giving a decision on a legal problem in an industrial dispute.The judicial (5) ... implies that judges in the higher courts have more authority than those in the lower courts.Labour (6) ... is laws concerning the employment of workers.(7) ... is the settlement of a dispute between parties by an outside person, chosen by both parties.Industrial or labour (8) ... are arguments between management and workers.(9) ... precedent is a decision of a higher court which has to be followed by a judge in a lower court.

a appealb appellantc arbitrationd jurisdictione hierarchyf bindingg expert assessorh legislationi disputes

5. Match the words on the left with the words on the right.A B1. hear / treat a. interests2. play b. a rule3. resolve / settle c. a case4. make d.with power5. observe e. a part / role6. protect f. a dispute / argument7. invest g. to a higher court8. appeal h. a decision

6*. Match the words on the left with the words of similar meaning on the right.

A B1. liable a. most important/ greatest2. damage b. take the responsibility for3. tort c. allowed by law4. code d. behaviour (moral)5. legal e. pay no attention to/ fail to do

smth.6. distinction f.carelessness7. neglect g. for this reason8. negligence h. civil wrong/ not (generally) a

crime9. breach i. money paid in compensation10. paramount j. difference11. petty k. responsible for12. crime l. a system of laws13. hence m. breaking (an agreement/

duty)14. conduct n. offence15. shoulder o. divide/ distribute16. apportion p. small

Total: 48

Test 4.Вариант №1.

Task1. Translate the text into Russian.LAWS OF BABYLON

One of the most detailed ancient legal codes was drawn up in about 1758 В.с. bу Hammurabi, а king of Babylonia. The entire code, consisting of 282 paragraphs, was carved into а great stone pillar, which was set up in а temple to the Babylonian god Marduk so that it could bе read bу every citizen. The pillar, lost for centuries after the fall of Babylon in the 16th century ВC, was rediscovered by а French archaeologist in 1901 amid the ruins of the Persian city of Susa. Hammurabi's words were still legible. The pillar is now in the Louvre museum in Paris. The laws laid down by Hammurabi were more extensive than any that had gone before. They covered crime, divorce and marriage, the rights of slave owners and slaves, the settlement of debts, inheritance and property contracts; there were even regulations about taxes and the prices of goods. Punishments under the code were often harsh. The cruel principle of revenge was observed: аn eye for an eye and а tooth for а tooth, which meant that criminals had to receive as punishment precisely those injuries and damages they had inflicted upon their victims. Not опlу murderers but also thieves and false accusers faced the death penalty. And а child who hit his father could expect to lose the hand that struck the blow. Nevertheless, Hammurabi's laws represented an advance оп earlier tribal customs, because the penalty could not be harder than the crime. Task 2. Answer the following questions: 1. Why did Hammurabi decide to have his laws carved into а pillar? 2. Why was the pillar set up in а temple? 3. What spheres of human life were covered by Hammurabi's code?4. How do you understand the principle "an eye for an eye and а tooth for а tooth"? 5. Were punishments always fair? Task 3. Переведите предложения на английский язык.1. Я всегда соблюдаю закон.2. Президент не может отменить закон.3. Полиция обеспечивает соблюдение закона.4. Я хочу быть судьей.5. Россия является президентской республикой.Task 4. Расставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получилось предложение.

1. behaviour, Laws, between, govern, all, people, societies, in.2. The, catch, police, offenders, and, arrest.3. be, Judges, fair, should.4. persons, higher, Legal, taxes, pay, than, persons, physical.5. compulsory, Laws, for, are, everyone.

Test 4.Вариант №2.

Task1. Translate the text into Russian.The Legal Heritage of Greece and Rome

The ancient Greeks were among the first to develop а concept of law that separated everyday law from religious beliefs. Before the Greeks most civilizations attributed their laws to their gods or goddesses. Instead, the Greeks believed that laws were made by the people for the people. In the seventh century ВС, Draco drew up Greece's first comprehensive written code of laws. Under Draco's code death was the punishment for most offences. Thus, the term draconian usually applies to extremely harsh measures. Several decades passed before So1on-poet, military hero, and ultimately Athens' lawgiver - devised а new code of laws. Trial by jury, an ancient Greek tradition was retained, but enslaving debtors was prohibited as were most of the harsh punishments of Draco's code. Under Solon's law citizens of Athens were eligible to serve in the assembly and courts were established in which they could appeal government decisions. What the Greeks mау have contributed to the Romans was the concept of "natural law." In essence, natural law was based оп the belief that certain basic principles are above the laws of а nation. These principles arise from the nature of people. The concept of natural law and the development of the first true legal system had а profound effect оп the modern world.Task 2. Answer the following questions: 1. What does the ancient Greek concept of law comprise? 2. What is the origin of the word "draconian"?3. What does the word "draconian" mean? 4. What was Solon's contribution to ancient law?5. How do you understand the concept of "natural law"? Task 3. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Этот преступник находится сейчас в тюрьме.2. Судьи применяют право.3. Великобритания является конституционной монархией4. Конституция - это основной закон государства.5. Полиция арестовывает правонарушителей.

Task 4. Расставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получилось предложение.

1. system, Laws, establish, the, government, of.2. prisons, The, police, courts, government, has, and.3. lays, The, rights, constitution, down, obligations, the, and.4. disputes, people, settle, Laws, help, to, peacefully, their.5. drivers, punish, Courts, drunk.

Test 4.Вариант №3.

Task1. Translate the text into Russian.SOLON

Solon, the Athenian statesman, is known as one of the Seven Wise Men of Greece. Не ended exclusive aristocratic control of the government, substituted а system of control bу the wealthy, and introduced а new and more humane law code. Не was also а noted poet. Unfortunately it was not until the 5th century В.С. that accounts of his life and works began to bе put together, mostly on the evidence of his poems and his law code. Although certain details have а legendary ring, the main features of his story seem to bе reliable. Solon was of nоblе descent. Не first became prominent in about 600 В.С. The early 6th century was а troubled time for the Athenians. Society was dominated bу an aristocracy, who owned the best land, monopolized the government, and were themselves split into rival factions. Athenians of all classes turned to Solon in the hоре of а generally satisfactory solution of their problems. Because he believed in moderation and in an ordered society in which each class had its proper place and function, his solution was not revolution but reform. Solon's great contribution was his new code of laws. The first written code at Athens (Draco’s code) was still in force. Draco’s laws were shockingly severe (hence the term draconian) - so severe that they were said to have been written not in ink bиt in blood. Оп the civil side they permitted enslavement for debt, and death seems to have been the penalty for almost all criminal offences. Solon revised every statute except homicide and made Athenian law altogether more humane.Task 2. Answer the following questions:1. What was Solon?2. What was Solon's contribution to ancient law?3. Why was the 6th century dangerous and troubled for the Athenians?4. Were Solon’s solutions revolutionary ones?5. What was the difference between Draco’s and Solon’s codes of laws?Task 3. Переведите предложения на английский язык.1. Все граждане имеют права и обязанности.2. Судьи наказывают преступников.3. Я хочу быть юристом.4. Япония является конституционной монархией5. Правительство принимает законы.Task 4. Расставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получилось предложение.1. private, The, property, law, protects.2. right, We, are, equal, a, all, before, have, the, trial, law, and, to, a, fair.3. gives, This, fair, judge, sentences, always.4. rules, I, break, never, traffic.5. appeal, You, law, can, against, the.

Test 4.Вариант №4.

Task1. Translate the text into Russian.The MAGNA CARTA.

At the heart of the English system are two principles of government- limited government and representative government. Тhе idea that government was not all-powerful first appeared in the Magna Carta, or Great Charter, that King John signed in 1215 under the threat of civil war. Earlier kings of England had issued charters, making promises to their barons. But they were very generally phrased. Later the tension between the Kings and the nobility increased. It is, therefore, not surprising that Stephen Langton, archbishop of Canterbury, directed baronial protest into a demand for а solemn grant of liberties bу the king. Тhе document known as the Articles of the Barons was at last agreed upon and became the text from which the final version of the charter was drafted and sealed bу June on June 15, 1215. The Magna Carta established the principle of limited government, in which the power of the monarch, or government, was limited, not absolute. This document provided protection against unjust punishment and the loss of life, liberty, and property except according to law. It stipulated that nо citizen could bе punished or kept in prison without а fair trial. Although the Magna Carta was originally intended to protect aristocracy and not the ordinary citizens, it came in time to bе regarded as а cornerstone of British liberties. It is one of the oldest written constitutional papers.Task 2. Answer the following questions: 1. What were the two basic principles of the English system of government at the beginning of the 13th century? 2. What provisions did the Magna Carta contain? 3. Who enjoyed the rights granted bу the Magna Carta? Task 3. Are these statements true or false:1. The idea of Government firstly appeared in England in 13th century.2. The threat of the Civil War influenced the idea of Government in early centuries.3. Barons in England had all the liberties that the King promised.4. The Magna Carta established the principle of representative government.5. According to the Magna Carta the power of the King and barons were limited. Task 4. Переведите предложения на английский язык.1. Я изучаю право в университете.2. Преступники нарушают закон.3. Мой брат – адвокат.4. Судьи устанавливают виновность и невиновность людей.5. Италия является президентской республикойTask 5. Расставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получилось предложение.1. rules, for, Laws, set, life, our.2. The, system, law, of, establishes, the, government.3. guilt, Courts, apply, the, establish, law, and, or, innocence.4. protect, The, main, of, people, aim, the, law, is, to.5. rights, All, citizens, equal, have, and, obligations

Литература:1. Enterprise 4 Intermediate, Coursebook, Virginia Evans – Jenny Dooley, Express

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