General, Organic & Biological Chemistry, 5e (Timberlake)Chapter 12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons

12.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) In the three-dimensional structure of methane, CH4, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are alignedA) in a straight line.B) at the corners of a square.C) at the corners of a tetrahedron.D) at the corners of a rectangle.E) at the corners of a cube.Answer: CObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

2) In a molecule with a symmetrical arrangement of polar bonds, the overall molecule isA) highly polar.B) somewhat polar.C) nonpolar.D) reverse polar.E) strongly reverse polar.Answer: CObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

3) Generally, a solution of an organic compound in water will be electricallyA) highly conductive.B) highly ionized.C) nonconductive.D) insulated.E) charged.Answer: CObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

4) VSEPR theory predicts that simple carbon compounds will form bonds that areA) as far apart as possible.B) as close together as possible.C) arranged in a straight line.D) pointed to the corners of a cube.E) pointed to the corners of a triangle.Answer: AObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

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5) A molecule containing a carbon atom bonded to four chlorine atoms has the shape of aA) triangle.B) rhombus.C) square.D) cube.E) tetrahedron.Answer: EObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

6) The bond angles of tetravalent carbon are all approximatelyA) 90°.B) 109°.C) 60°.D) 100°.E) 45°.Answer: BObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

7) As carbon bonds with atoms of increasingly higher electronegativities, the polarity of the bondA) decreases.B) increases.C) stays the same.D) reverses.E) becomes inverted.Answer: BObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

8) Carbon tetrachloride has a polar C-Cl bond. What is the overall polarity of the carbon tetrachloride molecule?A) weakly polarB) strongly polarC) reversed polarityD) nonpolarE) inverse polarityAnswer: DObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

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9) Which of the following is NOT typical of most organic compounds?A) high melting pointB) poor solubility in waterC) low boiling pointD) covalent bondingE) high flammabilityAnswer: AObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

10) Which one of the following is NOT an organic substance?A) an antibioticB) nylonC) coalD) silkE) salt, sodium chlorideAnswer: EObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

11) A hydrocarbon contains only the elementsA) hydrogen and oxygen.B) carbon and oxygen.C) carbon and hydrogen.D) carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.E) carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.Answer: CObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

12) Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of compounds ofA) oxygen.B) hydrogen.C) living things.D) polymers.E) carbon.Answer: EObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

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13) How does a molecule of a vitamin synthesized in the laboratory behave when compared to the behavior of the same vitamin isolated from a natural source (e.g., vitamin C synthesized, compared to vitamin C from rose hips)?A) identical in every wayB) usually identicalC) Some effects are the same.D) Few effects are the same.E) The natural vitamin is better.Answer: AObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

14) How many valence electrons does carbon have?A) oneB) twoC) threeD) fourE) fiveAnswer: DObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

15) Carbon atoms always have how many covalent bonds?A) oneB) twoC) threeD) fourE) fiveAnswer: DObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

16) An organic compound composed of carbon and hydrogen connected only by single bonds is anA) alkane.B) alkene.C) alkyne.D) aromatic compound.E) alcohol.Answer: AObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

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17) In a condensed structural formula, each carbon atom isA) shown with all individual atoms and bonds drawn.B) shown with only the other carbon atoms.C) grouped with its bonded hydrogen atoms.D) not explicitly shown.E) written in lowercase letters.Answer: CObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

18) A formula that shows the arrangement of all bonds in a molecule is called a(n)A) molecular formula.B) complete structural formula.C) condensed structural formula.D) condensed molecular formula.E) isomeric formula.Answer: BObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

19) Which of these formulas is the expanded structural formula for an alkane with three carbon atoms?A) C3H6B) C3H8C) CH3-CH2-CH3D) C - C - CE) H H H

| | | H - C - C - C - H

| | |H H H

Answer: EObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

20) What is the condensed structural formula for an alkane with four carbon atoms?A) CH3-CH=CH-CH3B) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3C) C4H10D) C - C - C - CE) H H H H

| | | |H - C - C - C - C - H

| | | |H H H H

Answer: BObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

21) What is the name of the continuous chain alkane with six carbon atoms?A) butaneB) pentaneC) hexaneD) heptaneE) octaneAnswer: C

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Objective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

22) What is the name of this compound?

CH3- CH2- CH2- CH2- CH2- CH2- CH3

A) hexaneB) heptaneC) octaneD) butaneE) pentaneAnswer: BObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

23) What is the name of this compound?

CH3- CH2- CH2- CH2- CH3

A) pentaneB) hexaneC) heptaneD) octaneE) methylbutaneAnswer: AObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

24) What is the name of CH3- CH2- CH2- CH3?A) ethaneB) propaneC) butaneD) pentaneE) hexaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

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25) What is the name of this compound?

A) ethaneB) propaneC) butaneD) pentaneE) hexaneAnswer: EObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

26) What is the name for a four-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) methaneB) ethaneC) propaneD) butaneE) pentaneAnswer: DObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

27) What is the name for a five-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) methaneB) ethaneC) propaneD) butaneE) pentaneAnswer: EObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

28) What is the mame for a six-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) hexaneB) heptaneC) octaneD) nonaneE) decaneAnswer: AObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

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29) What is the name for a seven-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) hexaneB) heptaneC) octaneD) nonaneE) decaneAnswer: BObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

30) What is the name for an eight-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) hexaneB) heptaneC) octaneD) nonaneE) decaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

31) What is the name for a nine-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) hexaneB) heptaneC) octaneD) nonaneE) decaneAnswer: DObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

32) What is the name for a ten-carbon continuous-chain alkane?A) hexaneB) heptaneC) octaneD) nonaneE) decaneAnswer: EObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

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33) What is the name of this compound?

A) cyclopentaneB) cyclohexaneC) cycloheptaneD) cyclooctaneE) hexaneAnswer: BObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

34) What is the name of this compound?

A) cyclopentaneB) cyclohexaneC) cycloheptaneD) cyclooctaneE) pentaneAnswer: AObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

35) The IUPAC name for CH3 -Cl isA) methyl chloride.B) chloromethane.C) methanechlorine.D) chloroethane.E) methane chloride.Answer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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36) Which of the following pairs of compounds are structural isomers?

A) Cl Cl| |

CH3 C HCH2 CH3and CH3CH2 C HCH3 B) ClCH2CH2CH2CH3 and CH3CH2CH2CH2ClC) CH3CHCH3 and CH3CHCH2Cl

| | CH2Cl CH3

D) Cl|

CH3CHCH3 and CH3 C CH3| | CH2Cl CH3

E)

Answer: DObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

37) What is the IUPAC name for the following?

CH3∣CH3-CH2-CH2-CH- CH2-CH3

A) 4-methylhexaneB) 3-methylhexaneC) heptaneD) methylhexaneE) 2-methylhexaneAnswer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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38) What is the IUPAC name for the following?

CH3│

CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

A) 1-methylbutaneB) 4-methylbutaneC) pentaneD) butaneE) hexaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

39) What is the IUPAC name for the following?

A) 1-chlorobutaneB) 2-chlorobutaneC) 3-chlorobutaneD) 2-chloropropaneE) chlorobutaneAnswer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

40) What is the IUPAC name for Cl-CH2 -CH2 - CH2-Cl?A) 1,3-dichloropropaneB) 1,1-dichloropropaneC) dichloropropaneD) 1,3-dichlorobutaneE) propane dichlorideAnswer: AObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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41) What is the name of ?A) pentaneB) methylpentaneC) 2-methylpentaneD) 4-methylpentaneE) hexaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

42) What is the name for the following?

A) hexaneB) dimethylbutaneC) 3,3-dimethylbutaneD) 2,2-dimethylbutaneE) 2-dimethylbutaneAnswer: DObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

43) What is the IUPAC name for the following?

A) 1,2-dichloro-3-methylpentaneB) 1,2-dichloro-3-methylcyclopentaneC) 1-methyl-2,3-dichlorocyclopentaneD) 3-methyl-1,2-dichlorocyclopentaneE) 1,2-dichloro-3-methylcyclobutaneAnswer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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44) What is the IUPAC name of this alkane?

A) 4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentaneB) 2-ethyl-4,4-dimethylpentaneC) 2,2,4-trimethylhexaneD) 2-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentaneE) 3,5,5-trimethylhexaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

45) Which of the following compounds could have the molecular formula C7H16?A) hexaneB) pentaneC) 2-methylheptaneD) 2,3-dimethylpentaneE) 3-ethylhexaneAnswer: DObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

46) What is the name of this compound?

A) 1,1-dichlorobutaneB) 1,2,-dichlorobutaneC) 1,3-dichlorobutaneD) 1,4-dichlorobutaneE) dichlorobutaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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47) What is the name of the alkyl group CH3-CH2-CH2-?A) propaneB) methylC) ethaneD) ethylE) propylAnswer: EObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

48) What is the IUPAC name for this alkane?

A) 2-ethyl-3-methylpentaneB) 4-ethyl-3-methylpentaneC) 3, 4-dimethylhexaneD) 2, 3-diethylbutaneE) octaneAnswer: CObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

49) What is the name for a one-carbon alkyl substituent?A) methylB) ethylC) propylD) butylE) pentylAnswer: AObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

50) What is the name for a two-carbon alkyl group?A) methylB) ethylC) propylD) butylE) pentylAnswer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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51) What is the name for a three-carbon alkyl group?A) methylB) ethylC) propylD) butylE) pentylAnswer: CObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

52) What is the name for this three-carbon alkyl group?

CH3 - CH - CH3|

A) n-propylB) iso-propylC) butylD) iso-butylE) ethylAnswer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

53) According to the IUPAC convention for chemical naming, which part of a hydrocarbon is selected as the main chain for a hydrocarbon chain?A) the most highly branched chainB) the shortest chainC) the longest chain drawn in a straight lineD) the longest continuous chain, regardless of bendsE) the chain with the most substituted carbons in itAnswer: DObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

54) According to the IUPAC convention, alkyl group names should be located ________ of the name of the main chain.A) in frontB) at the endC) in the middleAnswer: AObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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55) According to the IUPAC convention, alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in which order?A) alphabetical including prefixes B) alphabetical without considering prefixesC) in order with the substituent having the highest number of carbons firstD) in order with the substituent having the lowest number of carbons firstE) in order with the substituent having the highest total number of carbons firstAnswer: BObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

56) When drawing a structural formula, the first step is to drawA) the substituents.B) the most highly substituted carbons.C) the saturated carbons.D) the main carbon chain.E) the functional group.Answer: DObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

57) In the equation for the combustion of pentane, the coefficient of carbon dioxide isA) oneB) two.C) three.D) four.E) five.Answer: EObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO4

58) The reaction for the combustion of heptane is

C7H16 + 11O2 → 7CO2 + 8H2O.

How many liters of CO2 at STP are produced from the complete combustion of 2.00 moles of heptane?A) 44.8 LB) 22.4 LC) 157 LD) 246 LE) 314 LAnswer: EObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO4

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59) Which of the following is true of nonane, C9H20, which has a density of 0.79 g/mL, melts at -51 °C, and boils at 157 °C?A) Nonane is soluble in water.B) Nonane is a gas at room temperature.C) Nonane is a solid at room temperature.D) Nonane does not undergo combustion.E) Nonane floats on the surface of water.Answer: EObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

60) Organic compounds that are poorly soluble in water behave that way because they areA) highly polar.B) moderately polar.C) covalently bonded.D) generally nonpolar.E) ionically bonded.Answer: DObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

61) Hydrocarbons are the primary constituents ofA) drugs.B) food flavors.C) fossil fuels.D) fruit juices.E) disinfectants.Answer: CObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

62) The reaction of butane with oxygen is calledA) substitution.B) addition.C) neutralization.D) combustion.E) titration.Answer: DObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

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63) What is(are) the product(s) of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon?A) CO onlyB) CO2 onlyC) CO + H2OD) CO2 + H2OE) H2O onlyAnswer: DObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

64) The balanced equation for the complete combustion of C5H12 will give which of these product(s)?A) CO2 onlyB) C5H12O5 onlyC) 5CO2 + 5H2OD) 5CO2 + 6H2OE) 10CO + 12H2OAnswer: DObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

65) What type of compound is CH3-CH2-CH3?A) alkaneB) branched alkaneC) cycloalkaneD) haloalkaneE) isomerAnswer: AObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

66) An alkene is always a carbon compound that contains a ________ bond.A) singleB) doubleC) tripleD) aromaticE) hydrogenAnswer: BObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

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67) An alkyne is always a carbon compound that contains a ________ bond.A) singleB) doubleC) tripleD) aromaticE) hydrogenAnswer: CObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

68) A hydrocarbon with a double bond is a(n)A) alkane.B) alkene.C) alkyne.D) alcohol.E) saturated compound.Answer: BObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

69) The carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbonsA) have only single bonds.B) contain at least one double bond.C) contain at least one triple bond.D) contain a benzene ring.E) contain both a double and a triple bond.Answer: AObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

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70) Which of the compounds is a cycloalkene?A) CH2 = CH-CH = CH2

B)

C) CH3-C = CH2

D)

E)

Answer: DObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

71) An unsaturated compound alwaysA) is a cycloalkane.B) contains a double bond.C) contains a triple bond.D) contains at least one double or triple bond.E) is aromatic.Answer: DObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

72) Which of the following compounds is an alkyne?A) CH3-CH2-CH3B) C3H6C) CH3-CH2-C ≡ CHD) H2C = CH-CH = CH2E) 2-penteneAnswer: CObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

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73) The IUPAC name of CH3-CH = CH-CH3 isA) 2-butene.B) 2-butane.C) 1-butene.D) butene.E) 2-butyne.Answer: AObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

74) When naming an alkene, the parent chain is the longest carbon chainA) that does not contain the double bond.B) regardless of whether or not it contains the double bond.C) that contains at least one of the carbon atoms of the double bond.D) that contains both atoms of the double bond.E) that contains a branch.Answer: DObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

75) The IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-C ≡ C-CH3 isA) 3-pentyne.B) 2-pentyne.C) pentyne.D) 1-methylbutyne.E) 2-propene.Answer: BObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

76) The IUPAC name for ethylene isA) ethane.B) cycloethane.C) ethyne.D) ethanene.E) ethene.Answer: EObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

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77) What is the condensed structural formula of the compound propene?A) CH3-CH2-CH3B) H3C = CH2-CH3C) H2C = C = CH2D) CH3-CH = CH2E) HC ≡ C-CH3Answer: DObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

78) What is the condensed structural formula for the compound 3-hexene?A) CH3

|CH3-CH2-C H-CH2-CH3B) CH2 = CH-CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH3C) CH3-CH2-CH = CH-CH2-CH3D) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH = CH-CH3E) CH3-CH = CH-CH2-CH2-CH3Answer: CObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

79) The compound 1-butyne containsA) all single bonds.B) a double bond.C) a triple bond.D) a ring structure.E) a bromine atom.Answer: CObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

80) What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A) 1-penteneB) 2-penteneC) 3-penteneD) 1-methylbuteneE) 2-pentyneAnswer: BObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

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81) What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A) 3-methyl-4-penteneB) 4-methyl-3-penteneC) 2-methyl-2-penteneD) 2-methyl-3-penteneE) hexeneAnswer: CObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

82) What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A) 6-chloro-2-pentyneB) 6-chloro-1-pentyneC) 1-chloro-5-hexyneD) 6-chloro-1-heptyneE) 6-chloro-1-hexyneAnswer: EObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

83) Which of the following compounds have cis-trans isomers?A) CH2 = CH - CH3B) CCl2 = CBr2C) CH3 - CH = CH - CH3D) CCl2 = CHBrE) All of the above have cis-trans isomers.Answer: CObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

84) Some alkenes have cis-trans isomers becauseA) the carbon atoms in the double bond cannot rotate.B) each of the carbon atoms in the double bond has four different groups attached to it.C) one of the carbon atoms in the double bond has two identical groups attached to it.D) the carbon atoms in the double bond are free to rotate.E) all of the carbon atoms in the compound are rigid and cannot rotate.Answer: AObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

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85) Which of the following pairs of compounds are cis-trans isomers?A)

B)

C) HC ≡ C - CH3 and CH3 - C ≡ CHD)

E)

Answer: EObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

86) What is the name of the compound shown below?

A) 2-penteneB) trans-2-penteneC) trans-3-penteneD) cis-2-penteneE) cis-3-penteneAnswer: BObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

87) The reaction of hydrogen (H2) and propene using a platinum catalyst is calledA) combustion.B) substitution.C) addition.D) neutralization.E) condensation.Answer: CObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

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88) The hydrogenation of an alkene gives a(n)A) alkane.B) alkene.C) alkyne.D) benzene.E) isomer.Answer: AObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

89) What is the condensed structural formula for the product of the hydrogenation of 2-butene using a platinum catalyst?A) CH3-CH= CH-CH3B) Cl

|CH3-CH2- CH-CH3C) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3D) CH3

|CH3- CH-CH3E) OH

|CH3- CH-CH3Answer: CObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

90) According to Markovnikov's rule, the hydrogen in HOH (water) adds to the carbon in the double bondA) attached to the end carbon.B) that has the smaller number of hydrogen atoms attached.C) that has the greater number of hydrogen atoms attached.D) that has the smaller number of carbon atoms attached.E) that has the greater number of carbon atoms attached.Answer: CObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

91) The reaction of an alkene and water in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce an alcohol is calledA) hydrolysis.B) alkoholysis.C) halogenation.D) hydration.E) hydrohydration.Answer: DObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

92) What is the major product of the reaction shown below?

CH3- CH2- CH = CH2 + HOH

A) OH OH| |

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CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH2B) OH

|CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH3C) CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 OHD) OH OH

| |CH3 - CH - CH - CH3E) OH

|CH3 - CH2 - C - CH2Answer: BObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

93) Long-chain molecules that consist of many repeating units are calledA) polymers.B) monomers.C) organic compounds.D) alkenes.E) alkanes.Answer: AObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

94) Small molecules that make up the repeat unit in polymers are calledA) monomers.B) alkenes.C) alkynes.D) minipolymers.E) synthetic polymers.Answer: AObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

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95) What is the starting monomer for the polymer Teflon®?

F F F F| | | |

- C - C - C - C -| | | |F F F F

A) F|

F - C - F|F

B) F|

H - C - H|F

C) F F| |

F - C - C - F| |F F

D) C FE) F F

| |F - C C - FAnswer: EObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

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96) Which of the following would result from the polymerization of ethene?A) CH3 CH3

| |- C - CH2 - C - CH2 -

| |CH3 CH3

B) CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3| | | |

- C - C - C - C -| | | |H H H H

C) HH H H| | | |

- C = C - C = C -D) = C = C = C = C =E) - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 -Answer: EObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

97) The structural formula of benzene is often represented as aA) ring of five carbon atoms.B) ring of six carbon atoms with six double bonds.C) ring of six carbon atoms with a circle in the center.D) cycloalkane.E) cycloalkyne.Answer: CObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

98) A compound that contains the ring structure of benzene is called a(n)A) alkane.B) cycloalkane.C) alkyl group.D) aromatic compound.E) hydrocarbon.Answer: DObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

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99) The compound below is named

A) cyclohexane.B) cyclohexene.C) cyclohexyne.D) benzene.E) cyclobenzene.Answer: DObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

100) What is the molecular formula of benzene?A) C6H4B) C6H6C) C6H8D) C6H10E) C6H12Answer: BObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

101) All of the carbon-carbon bonds in benzene areA) composed of only two types, single and double.B) identical.C) double bonds.D) single bonds.E) circular bonds.Answer: BObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

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102) What is the name of the compound below?

A) 1-chlorotolueneB) 2-chlorotolueneC) 3-chlorotolueneD) 4-chlorotolueneE) 5-chlorotolueneAnswer: BObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

12.2 True/False Questions

1) Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of carbon compounds.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

2) There are millions of organic compounds.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

3) Carbon has six valence electrons.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

4) Methane has a tetrahedral structure.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

5) The bond angles in a tetrahedral molecule are 90°.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

6) Organic compounds are always highly water soluble.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

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7) Most organic compounds are flammable.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

8) Organic compounds can only be made by living things because a "vital force" is needed for their creation.Answer: FALSEObjective: 2.1Global Outcomes: GO2

9) Most prescription drugs are organic molecules.Answer: TRUEObjective: 2.1Global Outcomes: GO2

10) Pentane contains six carbon atoms.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

11) The name of this alkane is pentane.

Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

12) Octane is a seven-carbon continuous chain alkane.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

13) Octane is a seven-carbon linear alkane.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

14) In a condensed structural formula, the carbon and attached hydrogens are written as a group.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

15) The first four linear alkyl substituent groups are named methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

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16) When naming an alkane, the main chain is the longest continuous carbon chain regardless of bends.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.3Global Outcomes: GO2

17) The name of this alkane is 3,4-dimethylhexane.

Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.2Global Outcomes: GO2

18) The products of complete combustion are carbon dioxide and water.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

19) Organic liquids are often less dense than water.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

20) Mineral oil is a liquid hydrocarbon used as a laxative and lubricant in medical practice.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

21) Solid alkanes are found on the surface of many fruits and vegetables.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.4Global Outcomes: GO2

22) Propylene is used to induce ripening in fruits.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

23) Alkynes contain double bonds.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

24) An alkyne containing three carbons is named propyne.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

25) Light-induced cis-trans isomerization is an important step in vision.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

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26) In a cis alkene, the groups are on the same side of the double bond.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

27) In a trans alkene, the groups are on the same side of the double bond.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

28) All alkenes show cis-trans isomerism.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

29) Alkynes can show cis-trans isomerism.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.6Global Outcomes: GO2

30) Hydrogenation is used to convert alkenes to alkanes.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

31) Hydration is used to convert alkenes to alkanes.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

32) Hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils raises the melting point and makes them more solid.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

33) Water can be added to alkenes to produce acids.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

34) Polymers are large molecules consisting of repeating units.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

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35) Nylon, polyester, and most other plastics are carbon compounds.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.7Global Outcomes: GO2

36) One essential building block of aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen is the benzene ring.Answer: TRUEObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

37) All polycyclic aromatic compounds cause cancer.Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

38) The chemical formula for benzene is C6H12. Answer: FALSEObjective: 12.8Global Outcomes: GO2

12.3 Matching Questions

Identify the following as more characteristic of an organic compound or an inorganic compound.

A) organicB) inorganic

1) high melting pointObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

2) flammableObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

3) covalent bondsObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

4) insoluble in waterObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

5) ionic bondsObjective: 12.1Global Outcomes: GO2

Answers: 1) B 2) A 3) A 4) A 5) B

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Match the following organic structures with the appropriate classification.

A) aromatic compoundB) alkene aromaticC) alkaneD) cycloalkaneE) cycloalkene

6)

Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

7) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

8)

Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

9)

Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

Answers: 6) A 7) C 8) D 9) E

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Choose the type of compound from Column 2 that best matches each item in Column 1.

A) cycloalkeneB) cycloalkaneC) alkaneD) haloalkaneE) alkene

10) CH3- CH = CH - CH3Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

11) CH4Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

12)

Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

13) CH3-CH2-ClObjective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

14)

Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

15) CH3|CH2|CH3

Objective: 12.5Global Outcomes: GO2

Answers: 10) E 11) C 12) B 13) D 14) A 15) C

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