Web 2.0 in Government

May 2008

Changing Environment1997• Few users• Static HTML• Limited content• <40 interactive

services• Homegrown search• Limited participation• Dialup users• Still learning about

users – many new and inexperienced in use of web

2008• Monthly unique users

> 35% of state population

• Over 3,100,000 pages• 1,079 interactive

services• Database driven• Pervasive government

participation• Rich Multimedia• Ubiquitous Broadband• Extensive analytics• Encourages citizen

participation

Definitions: Web 2.0“Web 2.0 is the network as platform, spanning all connected devices; Web 2.0 applications are those that make the most of the intrinsic advantages of that platform: delivering software as a continually-updated service that gets better the more people use it, consuming and remixing data from multiple sources, including individual users, while providing their own data and services in a form that allows remixing by others, creating network effects through an "architecture of participation," and going beyond the page metaphor of Web 1.0 to deliver rich user experiences.”

- Tim O’Reilly

Web 2.0 & Government

• More interactive services• Better collaboration between

agencies and across government• Community building and support• More transparency• Increase citizen involvement• End-to-end processes

How easy is it for citizens and business to interact with their government?

In today’s world, the minute we make public data available online, we open up the opportunity for public-private collaboration.

What are some of the manifestations or potential results of such a collaboration?

Definitions: Web 3.0 / Semantic Web

• Transforming the Web into a database

• An evolutionary path to artificial intelligence

• The realization of the Semantic Web and SOA

• Evolution towards 3D• User-generated

Networks

• An "Executable" Web Abstraction Layer

• “No Humans Required”

• The creation of high-quality content and services produced by gifted individuals using Web 2.0 technology as an enabling platform

E-Government 3.0

• Repurposing Webservices access to data by citizens and other computers

• The intelligent web• Virtual worlds• Context awareness• SaaS

• Ubiquitous Access• User Channel

Alignment• The Data Web –

Government is a major source of trusted data

• Extensive SOA implementation

Changing Nature of Collaboration

• State and local agencies need to understand where they fit in global environments

• Very dynamic, real-time collaborations

Impacting Efficiency & Productivity

• Shared project and team spaces• Live capture of streamed online

conferences for ongoing participation and feedback

• Multistreamed IM and real-time collaboration channels

• Collaborative document creation• Development & support of cross-

agency websites and services

Globalization

• GEOSS• NHIN• NIEM• NAIS• SNIP

• The National Map• Global Justice• NEIEN• WIRED

• The globe is shrinking• States compete in the global marketplace• What will be the impact of huge

global/national initiatives like:

Interoperability

• Sharing knowledge and information is easier than ever before

• Demand for interoperability is higher than ever before

• Web 2.0 supports interoperability

Community

• Web 2.0 is about communities, Government is about communities

• Web 2.0 offers numerous opportunities for enhancing community collaboration

• Communities may be gov to gov, gov to business, gov to citizen

Scope and Scale

The nature of the internet has enabled agencies to expand their breadth of interaction to a degree never before experienced.

Are we ready to take advantage of that opportunity?

The Tools

• Search• Mashups• GIS• SMS• ESB• Rich Multimedia• SaaS

• Tagging• AJAX• Flash, etc.• Mobile Devices• Gadgets and Widgets• XML

"This whole suite of tools is far more participatory in its nature. So clearly, getting more participation by citizens with their government is an objective that is very worthwhile."

- John Gillespie, NASCIO President

Prominent Uses in GovernmentMashups

• Map Fishing Hotspots

• Map wildlife disease news reports

• Economic Data• Agency Locations• New Businesses• Business Entity

Info

"Government is engaged in a big debate. I genuinely think if anything holds us back it's failing to comprehend the possibilities of what we can do with data mashups. My job is to explain it across government."

- UK Minister of Transformation, Tom Watson

Crime Reporting in Real Time: A Powerful, Collaborative Mashup

Prominent Uses in GovernmentPodcasts

• CDC Health Information

• Governor’s Weekly Messages

• Economic Information and Updates

From the Top-rated .gov domain in the United States

Prominent Uses in Government Wikis

• Intellipedia• America's Army• Diplopedia• USA Services CoLab

Wiki• Utah Technical

Services Wiki

"Across agencies, wikis and blogs are becoming as ubiquitous as e-mail in terms of information sharing."

Google Sitemapping Project

• Searchable results through Google have increased from 1.1 million to 3.1 million in 18 months

• New dynamic data sources now available to the public

• New enterprise mashup possibilities• Unique visitors up 34% over previous

year

Prominent Uses in Government RSS

• News• Alerts• Public Meetings• Weather• Calendar Events• Speeches• Online radio and

podcasts

• Business tips• Product

information• Service updates• Tax information

Prominent Uses in Government Dynamic GIS

• SGID• National Atlas• Crime Mashups• Economic

Development Mashups

• New Business Locations

Prominent Uses in GovernmentStreaming Media

• Attorney General announcements

• Healthcare Podcasts

• Science and Technology

• Disabilities News

• Economic Development Summits and Network Broadcasts

Prominent Uses in GovernmentBlogs

• Agency Directors• Rules News• Agency News• Observations• Collaborative

Initiatives

Develop a Collaboration Plan

• Identify the needs for enhanced collaboration within the enterprise

• These needs extend to business, citizens, and other levels of govt.

• Web 2.0 provide major changes in potential collaboration models

“Weaving nerves out of glass and radio waves, our species began wiring up all regions, all processes, all facts and notions into a grand network. From this embryonic neural net was born a collaborative interface for our civilization, a sensing, cognitive device with power that exceeded any previous invention.”

- Kevin Kelly

Understand the Evolution of User Demographics

• Maybe you don't want users?• Maybe your services will become

irrelevant in a changing world• Perhaps you are seeking to maintain

an entrenched status quo?

“…barriers to participation in government's Web-based, citizen-facing applications will begin to diminish any appeal a government site may possess”

- EC3

What does Web 2.0 mean for:

• Online Services• Public Health• Public Safety• Transportation• Regulatory Services• Environmental Services• Natural Resources• Commerce

The Importance of Search

• Today’s search technologies provide opportunities for integration and mashups

• Search links everything together

Growth of the Web

WWW – The Killer App

Early Growth of the World Wide Web

Number of websites, Dec 90 to Jan 96 Date Number of websitesDec 90 1Dec 91 10Dec 92 50Jun 93 130Sep 93 204Oct 93 228Dec 93 623Jun 94 2,738Dec 94 10,022Jun 95 23,500Jan 96 100,000

My first agency website

The First Network

ARPANET 1969

Tagging

• Tag clouds• Organizing data• Creating opportunities for data

presentment and integration with other data and services

• Community participation to increase value

Services to Consider

• Del.icio.us• Twitter• Flickr• YouTube• Swivel• UStream• Viddler

• Google Maps• Microsoft Live• Yahoo Pipes• Blogger/WordPress• Various Wikis• Google Enterprise

Measuring the Success of Web 2 Initiatives

• Google Analytics• Quantcast• Compete.com• Webtrends• Just to name a

few

“virtually all of government's Web-based, citizen-facing applications tend to fall short in terms of participation”

Data Sharing

• With the public – growing demand and expectation

• With business • With other government agencies

It is as important to pay attention to how we do it and what we share.

Web 2.0 in Education:What does it mean for the

future?• Younger users will

have greater expectations

• The extraordinary will become the norm

Formats for Sharing

• RSS – any news, that is news, should be available as RSS

• KML – portability for GIS info has never been better

• XML – Various Flavors

Are You a Contributor?

• Wikipedia• Blogs• Business-oriented Wikis• Community Wikis• Provide content to agency websites

Tools & Technologies You Should Know About

• AJAX• XML• CSS• Web Services

ID and Authentication

• Open ID• Directory Integration• eAuthentication• Single Sign-On• Personalization

Security and Privacy

• Encryption• Classification• Policies

…many [government CIOs] are befuddled by the nexus of traditional 1.0 security requirements and the 2.0 desire for openness.

-IBM Center for the Business of Government

Managing Projects

• Five-year, multi-million dollar projects are bad

• Don't be hindered by negativity• Don't let budget stop you• Some standards should apply

References

• The Blogging Revolution: Government in the Age of Web 2.0