WEB 1.0 TO WEB 3.0 - EVOLUTION OF THE WEB AND ITS VARIOUS

CHALLENGES

Tuesday, August 26, 2015

Outline

Difference Between Web & Internet. Web 1.0(Read-only Static web). Sad Facts of Web 1.0. Web 2.0(Read-write interactive web). Principles of Web 2.0. Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0. Sad Facts of Web 2.0. Web 3.0 (Read-write intelligent web). Technologies of Web 3.0  Comparison Among Existing Web

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Before describing web we need to understand one thing very clearly

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Introduction

World Wide Web ≠ Internet Service

We must remember that both are not the same Web is different then Internet

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World Wide Web

• The world wide web is larger collection of interconnected Documents or Content

• Facilitates communication  between people …..and also computers

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Contd... Web based on Hypertext Also based on client/server model

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WebService

Request

Response

Web Client(browser)

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Internet

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The Internet is the collection of interconnected computer Networks.

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Web 1.0

Web 1.0 [Push]

Web 1.0 is an old internet that only allows people to read from the internet. 

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Web1.0 is a one-way platform

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Web 1.0(Read-only Static web)

•  First stage of the World Wide linking web pages and hyperlink

• Most read-only Web. It focused on companies home pages

• Dividing the world wide web into usable directories

• It means Web is use as “Information Portal”.

• Everyone has their personal own little corner in the cyberspace

• It started with the simple idea “Put content together”

• Media companies put content in the web and pushes it to user. using web 1.0 Companies Like BBC,CNN able to get online.

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Things works in web 1.0

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Contd...11

Contd...

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Sad facts of Web 1.0

SAD FACTS• Read only Web

• Limited user interaction

• Keyword based (dumb) search ------ Web Directories

• The Lack of standards -------Browsers war

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Next Step

When we got a grip on the technical part, web became clearer and then we discover

Power of Networks Power of Links Power of Collaboration Power of content and reach Power of Friends

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And then the Next step is

Web 2.0

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A term used to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with an increasing emphasis on human collaboration.

Web 2.0 [Share] Web2.0 is a two-way

Platform

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Web 2.0(Read-write interactive web)

It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control their data.

This is about user-generated content and the read-write web.

People are consuming as well as contributing information through blogs or sites like Flicker, YouTube, Digg, etc.

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Principles of Web 2.0

No Products but Services

• “There are no products, only solutions”

• A problem solving approach

• Must Provide Simple Solutions

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Contd...

Customization

Every individual is unique Some people want to be different Allow him to choose instead of forcing him

to use what you have made Make him feel home e.g. My yahoo, Google Homepage,

MySpace , Firefox extensions

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Contd...

Concepts

Web 2.0 can be described in 3 parts which are as follows: Rich Internet Application (RIA) - It defines the

experience brought from desktop to browser .whether it is from a graphical point of view or usability point of view. Some people relate RIA with AJAX and Flash.

Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) -  It is a key piece in Web 2.0 which defines how Web 2.0 applications expose its functionality so that other applications can integrate the functionality and produce a set of much richer applications (Examples are: Feeds, RSS, Mash-ups)

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Contd...

Social Web – It defines how Web 2.0 tend to interact much more with the end user and making the end user an integral part.

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Contd...

Social Web A third important part of Web 2.0 is the Social

Web. The term is currently used to describe how people socialize or interact with each other throughout the Web .

The social web consists of a number of online tools and platforms where people share their perspectives, opinions, thoughts and experiences

Web 2.0 Applications tend to interact much more with the end user. As such, the end user is not only a user of the application but also a participant

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Contd...

User can participate by :-

Podcasting Blogging Tagging Contributing to RSS Social bookmarking Social networking

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Contd...

Technologies

The client-side/web browser technologies used in Web 2.0 development are :

Ajax(Asynchronous JavaScript +XML)

Ajax programming uses JavaScript to upload and download new data from the web server without full page reload.

Adobe Flex

Flex makes it easier for programmers to populate large data grids, charts, and other heavy user interactions. Applications programmed in Flex, are compiled and displayed as Flash within the browser

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Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0

The mostly read only Web 45million global user(1996). Focused on companies Home pages Owning content HTML,portals Web forms. Netscape Page views

The widely read -write web 1 billion + global user(2006) Focused on communities Blogs Sharing content XML,RSS Web Application Google Cost per click

Web 1.0 Web 2.0

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Web 2.0

Sad Facts Same old Keyword based

search. Web application are still rigid Each Website have its own

data and it is not sharing it. Computers can not

understand any thing Web 2.0 is Social change. The

technical part has not change much.

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Introducing New Kind of Web

Main Reasons How will our information be organized. Will we still do the “surfing” or will the

machine surf for us

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New Concept Is Web Of Data

Beyond the present Web Lets move towards the web of Data

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Web Of Data

New kind of Web capable of reading and understanding content and context.

When the web can understanding content it can better satisfy the request of people and machines.

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Web 3.0 (Read-write intelligent web)

Semantic Web It is a Web of data. changing the web into a language that can be read

and categorized by the system rather then humans.

Artificial Intelligence Extracting meaning from the way people interact with

the web.

Mobility everything, everywhere, all the time

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Example

Suppose, I am a stamp collector... Over the years I’ve collected a lot of stamps. About every stamp, I made a document That’s a lot of documents

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Contd...

How can I find a specific stamp? Google? This is the web we have today: a huge

collection of documents The words of all those documents are

indexed. We can search for keywords.

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Contd... Now, suppose I Google for all red stamps Not very intelligent…

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Red stampsStamps from Cambodia (Khmer Rouge)Stamps from the Red SeaStamps from the 140th anniversary of the Red CrossStamps with red dragons

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Contd... Not very intelligent, but how can a computer

know what I mean? When we structurally describe that

a stamp is a stamp and red is a color. Describing data in a structured way can best be

done in a database. Different databases can be connected.

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Contd...

This is a stampThis is a stamp

This stamp is from the United KingdomThis stamp is from the United Kingdom

This stamp is designed by John Bryan DunmoreThis stamp is designed by John Bryan Dunmore

In 1980 you could buy this stamp for 1 centIn 1980 you could buy this stamp for 1 cent

Now it’s worth 3 eurosNow it’s worth 3 euros

This stamp is used between 1978 - 1981This stamp is used between 1978 - 1981

The picture on the stamp is a PO BoxThe picture on the stamp is a PO Box

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Contd...

A database with stamps A database with countries A database with colours A database with stamp traders

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Example – Web 3.0 as Databases Integration

• One view of Web 3.0 is the web being a big collection of

databases which can be connected on demand.

• Agreements are made on the structure of data and the

way data is described. Where the data is located is

irrelevant.

• Linking data is the power of web 3.0.

• So, “I want all the red stamps, designed in Europe, but

used in the U.S.A., between 1980 and 1990” is a question

that will get a better answer with web 3.0

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Some Technologies of Web 3.0

RDF XML URI SPARQL XDI XRI

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• SWRL

•XFN

•OWL

•API

•OAUTH

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Contd...

Ingredients:

XML (Extensible Markup Language ) : Meaning is about understanding. To understand we need a language. A language starts with words. Things mean something in words. Online, we describe things with XML.

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Contd...

Ingredients:

RDF(Resource Description Framework)

Language for representing information about resources in the World Wide Web.

Defining & describing data and relationship among data.

RDF is based on the idea of identifying things using Web identifiers which is called Uniform Resource Identifiers, or URIs

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Web 3.0

In computing, a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is string of characters 

used to identify a name or a resource on the Internet.

e.g

PHP is programing Language

POWL is an application written in PHP

It use triple {subject,property,object} model

hasWebSite(“#php”,”http://www.php.net/”)

isA(“#php”,”#language”)

isWrritenIn(http://powl.sf.net/,”#php”)

It is all about triple of URIs

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Web 3.0

Ingredients:

OWL(Web Ontology Language)

With RDF Scheme we can define concepts and make simple relations between them.

But, RDF scheme is limited. A language needs more expression and logic to make good reasoning possible.

That’s why OWL (The Web Ontology Language) was invented.

Its mean to reason you need rules

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Web 3.0 – Video Web

Spatial Media Fragments Video Content

Reed Hasting, the founder and CEO of Netflix, described Web 3.0 as being the full-video Web that will be made possible by the increasing growth in bandwidth available to customers that will allow transmission of full movies over the Web.

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Web 3.0 – 3D Web

Thousands of users worldwide linger in

3D-worlds like Second Life or

3D-Games such as Entropiauniverse and Active worlds.

Philip Rosedale, founder of Second Life, believes that one

day 1500 million people will have a second existence.

The adding of the third dimension will shift the internet

into a hyper-realistic parallel world .

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Web 2.0 vs 3.0 Web 2.0 is all about the power of networks

Basically, web 2.0 is a social change. The technical part of the web hasn’t changed very much.

But, web 3.0 will be driven by technological changes

Web 3.0 - the semantic web - is about the meaning of information.

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Web History and Future

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Example Web 3.0

Freebase

• http://www.freebase.com

Amazon (“If you liked this, you will like this!”

• http://www.amazon.com

Netvibes (pull your Web 2.0 apps together!)

• http://www.netvibes.com

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Comparison

Web1.0 Web2.0 Web3.0Read-only Static web Read-write interactive web Read-write intelligent web

Company-oriented Community-oriented Individually oriented

Low-portability (computing equipment)

Medium portability(mobile) High portability(mobile and consumer electronics)

Professionally developed stand-alone applications

User-developed open applications

User-developed smart applications

Syntax-aware basic browsing and search capabilities

Syntax-aware advanced browsing and search

capabilities

Content(semantic)-aware and context-aware next-generation

browsing and search capabilities

Low data richness(HTML) Medium data richness(XML) High data richness(RDF)

Point-to-point/hub & spoke architecture

Service-oriented architecture(SOA)

Web oriented architecture(WOA) andinternet of things

Sliced data Light interlinked data Worldwide database

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Reference[1] Dr Mike Evans.”The Evolution of the Web-From Web1.0toWeb4.0”.

[2] San, Murugesan (2007), “Understanding Web 2.0”, Journal IT Professional.

[3]Akhilesh Dwivedi ,SureshKumar, Abhishek Dwivedi Dr. Manjeet Sing “Current Security Considerations for Issues and Challenges of Trustworthy Semantic Web” Int. J. Advanced Networking and Applications Volume: 03, Issue: 01, Pages: 978-983 (2011).

[4]http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Web_2.0_and_Emerging_Learning_Technologies/Learning_Theory#Emerging_Web_2.0_Related_Learning_Theory.

[5]David Rook “The Security Risks of Web 2.0”DefCon 17, Las Vegas.

[6]George Lawton ”Web 2.0 Creates Security Challenges” Published by the IEEE Computer Society October 2007.

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[7]McAfee “White Paper The Security Implications of Web2.0”http://www.ingrammicro.com/visitor/servicesdivision/McAfee-SaaS-Web-2-0-White-paper.pdf.

[8]Juan M. Silva , Abu Saleh Md. Mahfujur Rahman , Abdulmotaleb El Saddik “Web 3.0: A Vision for Bridging the Gap between Real and Virtual CommunicabilityMS '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Communicability design and evaluation in cultural and ecological multimedia system.

[9]Second Life Official Website: http://secondlife.com

[10] Red-light Official Website: http://redlightcenter.com.

[11]Karim Sabbagh Olaf Acker Danny Karam Jad Rahban Designing theTranscendent WebThe Power of Web 3.0 Booz & Company.

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ICROIT 2014

WEB 1.0 TO WEB 3.0 - EVOLUTION OF THE WEB AND ITS VARIOUS

CHALLENGES

Presented By Subhash BasishthaAssam Central University

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