Weathering Practice Questions Name: Period: Date
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Weathering Practice Questions Name: Period: Date: A) B) C) D) 1. The diagram below represents the size and shape of a pebble. This pebble and 20 other pebbles having a similar size and shape were placed in a rock tumbler with water and allowed to abrade for five days. Which diagram best represents the size and shape of this pebble after the five-day period? A) chemical weathering and groundwater flow B) chemical weathering and runoff C) physical weathering and groundwater flow D) physical weathering and runoff 2. The two block diagrams below represent the formation of caves. Which types of weathering and erosion are primarily responsible for the formation of caves? A) deposition B) sedimentation C) weathering D) cementing 3. Which process involves either a physical or chemical breakdown of earth materials? A) shape B) mass C) volume D) composition 4. Which characteristic would most likely remain constant when a limestone cobble is subjected to extensive abrasion?
Transcript of Weathering Practice Questions Name: Period: Date
Weathering Practice QuestionsName: Period: Date:
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1. The diagram below represents the size and shape of a pebble. This pebble and 20 other pebbles havinga similar size and shape were placed in a rock tumbler with water and allowed to abrade for five days.
Which diagram best represents the size and shape of this pebble after the five-day period?
A) chemical weathering and groundwater flow
B) chemical weathering and runoff
C) physical weathering and groundwater flow
D) physical weathering and runoff
2. The two block diagrams below represent the formation of caves.
Which types of weathering and erosion are primarily responsible for the formation of caves?
A) deposition
B) sedimentation
C) weathering
D) cementing
3. Which process involves either a physical or chemicalbreakdown of earth materials?
A) shape
B) mass
C) volume
D) composition
4. Which characteristic would most likely remainconstant when a limestone cobble is subjected toextensive abrasion?
Weathering Practice Questions
A) quartzite
B) granite
C) basalt
D) limestone
5. Which rock weathers most rapidly when exposed toacid rain?
A) Tombstone A is composed of minerals lessresistant to weathering than tombstone B.
B) Tombstone A has undergone a longer period ofweathering than tombstone B.
C) Tombstone A experienced cooler temperaturesthan tombstone B.
D) Tombstone A was exposed to less acid rain thantombstone B.
6. The two photographs below show dates ontombstones found in a cemetery in St. Remy, NewYork. The tombstones were 5 meters apart and bothfaced north. Tombstone A had dates cut into the rockin 1922. Tombstone B had dates cut into the rock in1892.
Which statement best explains why the dates are moredifficult to read on tombstone A than on tombstone B?
A) rocks falling off the face of a steep cliff
B) feldspar in granite being crushed into clay-sizedparticles
C) water freezing in cracks in a roadside outcrop
D) acid rain reacting with limestone bedrock
7. Which event is an example of chemical weathering?
A) The bedrock chemically reacted with acidicgroundwater.
B) This type of bedrock contained large amounts ofoxygen and silicon.
C) Glacial deposits altered the shape of the bedrock.
D) Crustal uplift formed gaps in the bedrock.
8. The block diagram below represents a landscapewhere caverns and sinkholes have graduallydeveloped over a long period of time.
Why did these caverns and sinkholes form?
A) Pebbles can become cemented together to form arock called gabbro.
B) Pebble is the name given to the smallest-sizesediment.
C) Any large rock that weathers could become apebble.
D) Magma is composed of pebbles.
9. In the cartoon below, Lucy gives Linus incorrectinformation about pebbles.
If Lucy wanted to give Linus correct informationabout pebbles, which statement would be mostaccurate?
Weathering Practice Questions
Base your answers to questions 10 and 11 on the graph below, which shows the effect that averageyearly precipitation and temperature have on the type of weathering that will occur in a particularregion.
A) air temperature decreases and precipitation decreases
B) air temperature decreases and precipitation increases
C) air temperature increases and precipitation decreases
D) air temperature increases and precipitation increases
10.The amount of chemical weathering will increase if
A) moderate chemical weathering
B) very slight weathering
C) moderate chemical weathering with frost action
D) slight frost action
11.Which type of weathering is most common where the average yearly temperature is 5°C and theaverage yearly precipitation is 45 cm?
Weathering Practice Questions
A) Lockport dolostone
B) Rochester shale
C) Grimsby sandstone
D) Queenston shale
12.The generalized cross section below shows thesedimentary rock layers at Niagara Falls in westernNew York State.
Which rock layer appears to be most resistant toweathering and erosion?
A) meteorites have not struck Earth
B) weathering processes on Earth have removedmost craters
C) Earth is younger than Mercury or the Moon
D) all meteorites burn up in Earth's atmosphere
13. Impact craters are more obvious on the Moon andMercury than on Earth because
A) Enlargement of the cracks occurs because waterexpands when it freezes.
B) This type of weathering occurs only in bedrockcomposed of granite.
C) The cracks become wider because of chemicalreactions between water and the rock.
D) This type of weathering is common in regionsof primarily warm and humid climates.
14. The diagram below shows granite bedrock withcracks. Water has seeped into the cracks and frozen.The arrows represent the directions in which thecracks have widened due to weathering.
Which statement best describes the physicalweathering shown by the diagram?
A) A B) B C) C D) D
15. The cross section below represents an outcrop ofsedimentary rock layers exposed on Earth's surface.Rock layers A, B, C, and D are labeled.
Which rock layer shows the greatest resistance toweathering and erosion?
Weathering Practice Questions
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C)
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16. The cross section below shows the movement of wind-driven sand particles that strike a partlyexposed basalt cobble located at the surface of a windy desert.
Which cross section best represents the appearance of this cobble after many years of exposure to thewind-driven sand?
A) a wet climate in which temperatures remainbelow freezing
B) a wet climate in which temperatures alternatefrom below freezing to above freezing
C) a dry climate in which temperatures remainbelow freezing
D) a dry climate in which temperatures alternatefrom below freezing to above freezing
17. Which type of climate has the greatest amount ofrock weathering caused by frost action?
A) A B) B C) C D) D
18. The cross section below represents zones of soillabeled A, B, and C. Letter D represents underlyingbedrock.
Which letter identifies the zone having the mostorganic and weathered material?
Weathering Practice Questions
19. Base your answer to the following question on the laboratory experiment described below.
The weathering of four different rock samples with different masses was studied. Each rocksample was placed in a separate beaker containing 500 milliliters of a dilute acid for 10 minutes.Bubbling was observed in some of the beakers. The data table below shows the mass of eachsample, in grams, before placement in the acid and after removal from the acid.
A) crystalline texture
B) mineral composition
C) density
D) cleavage
Which property of the gneiss sample prevented it from weathering?
A) crosscutting and downwarping
B) folding and faulting
C) weathering and erosion
D) high winds and flooding
20. The photograph below shows wire netting installedover a steep rock outcrop.
This wire netting has been installed to prevent lossof property or life resulting from
A) less chemical weathering and a scarcity ofliving organisms
B) less chemical weathering and an abundance ofliving organisms
C) more chemical weathering and a scarcity ofliving organisms
D) more chemical weathering and an abundance ofliving organisms
21. The rate of soil development in tropical areas isusually greater than the rate of soil development inarctic areas because tropical areas have
Weathering Practice Questions
A) A B) B C) C D) D
22. The diagram below shows four magnified block-shaped sandstone samples labeled A, B, C, and D.Each sandstone sample contains quartz grains of different shapes and sizes. The quartz grains areheld together by hematite cement.
In which sample did the quartz grains undergo the most abrasion during erosional transport?
A) a decrease in slope
B) a decrease in rainfall
C) an increase in biologic activity
D) an increase in air pressure
23. The cross section below shows soil layer X, whichwas formed from underlying bedrock.
Which change would most likely cause soil layer toincrease in thickness?
A) chemical weathering
B) deposition
C) erosion
D) physical weathering
24. The diagram below shows the stump of a tree whoseroot grew into a small crack in bedrock and split therock apart.
The action of the root splitting the bedrock is anexample of
Weathering Practice Questions
Base your answers to questions 25 through 27 on flowchart below, which shows a general overviewof the processes and substances involved in the weathering of rocks at Earth's surface. Letter X represents an important substance involved in both major types of weathering, labeled A and B on theflowchart. Some weathering processes are defined below the flowchart.
A) abrasion B) carbonation C) frost action D) hydrolysis
25. Which weathering process is most common in a hot, dry environment?
A) potassium feldspar
B) air
C) hydrochloric acid
D) water
26. Which substance is represented by X on both sides of the flowchart?
A) physical B) biological C) chemical D) glacial
27. Which term best identifies the type of weathering represented by A?
Weathering Practice Questions
28. Base your answer to the following question on the passage and map below and on your knowledge ofEarth science. The map shows a portion of the Dust Bowl in the southern Great Plains.
The Dust Bowl
In the 1930s, several years of drought affected over 100 million acres in the Great Plains fromNorth Dakota to Texas. For several decades before this drought, farmers had plowed the prairieand loosened the soil. When the soil became extremely dry from lack of rain, strong prairie windseasily removed huge amounts of soil from the farms, forming dust storms. This region was calledthe Dust Bowl. In the spring of 1934, a windstorm lasting a day and a half created a dust cloud nearly 2000kilometers long and caused "muddy rains" in New York State and "black snow" in Vermont.Months later, a Colorado storm carried dust approximately 3 kilometers up into the atmosphereand transported it 3000 kilometers, creating twilight conditions at midday in New York State.
Identify one human activity that was a major cause of the huge dust storms that formed in the GreatPlains during the 1930s.
Weathering Practice Questions
29. Base your answer to the following question on the cross section below, which represents a glaciermoving down a mountain valley. The water from the melting glacier is flowing into a lake. Letter A represents a location on the bottom of the lake.
Sediments found at location A range in diameter from 0.0004 to 0.006 centimeter. What name isgiven to this size sediment?
30. Base your answer to the following question on the following photograph and on your knowledge ofEarth Science. The photograph is of a rock sample composed of pebbles that have been cementedtogether.
Identify the total possible range of particle diameters, in centimeters, for a particle to be classified as apebble.
