Weather & Climate Severe Weather Objectives List and describe the main types of storms and explain...
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Transcript of Weather & Climate Severe Weather Objectives List and describe the main types of storms and explain...
Weather & ClimateSevere Weather
Objectives• List and describe the main types of storms
and explain how they form.
• List and describe basic safety for severe weather situations.
STORMS• A storm is a violent disturbance in the
atmosphere.
• They involve sudden changes in air pressure.
• Changes in air pressure causes rapid air movement.
ThunderstormsFormation•W/in large cumulonimbus, or thunderheads
•Form when warm air is forced upward at a cold front
Temperature•Hot, humid afternoons in the spring and summer
Precipitation•Heavy rainfall
•Sometimes hail
Safety•Avoid touching metal objects
•Install metal lightening rods
•Find a low area away from trees
•Stay away from water
Thunderstorms• During a thunderstorm, positive and negative
electrical charges build up in the clouds.
• The discharge of the electricity between clouds is lightening.
• Lightening is as hot as 30,000°C, hotter than the sun.
• The heated air expands and explodes producing thunder.
Tornado• Rapidly whirling, funneled-shaped cloud that
reaches down from a storm cloud to touch Earth’s surface
• Most frightening & disruptive storm
• Usually brief, touching the ground approx. 15 minutes or less
• Wind speeds may reach 480 km/hr
TornadoFormation•Develop in low, heavy cumulonimbus clouds
•When warm dry air mass and cool air mass collide
Temperature•Warm humid air
•Spring and early summer when ground is warm
Precipitation•Heavy rain and wind
Safety•Listen for watches & warnings
•Basement level, or to the middle room on ground floor
•Stay away from windows
•Lie in a ditch
Tornado• Tornado Watch – tornadoes are possibly in
your area
• Tornado Warning – tornadoes have been seen in the sky or on weather radar
• Occur most often in the US
• Approx. 800 tornadoes a year
Checkpoint• Where do tornadoes
form?• Why is there a tornado
alley?
• What states make up tornado alley?
• Low heavy cumulonimbus clouds
• Warm humid air mass moves north from Gulf of Mexico and meets a cold dry mass that is moving south from Canada
• SD, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, TX, NM, and Arkansas
Hurricanes• Tropical storm that has winds of 119
km/hr
• Usually occur between June and November in the eastern US
HurricanesFormation•Begins over warm water as a low pressure area, tropical disturbance
•Gets it energy from warm humid air at the ocean’s surface
Temperature•Warm temperatures
Precipitation•Strong winds
•Rain which generally causes flooding
Safety•Evacuate
•Move into the interior room and stay away from windows
Hurricanes• Occur between June and November
• Effect people that live on the coast of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans
• Eye – center of a hurricane
Winter Storms• Lake-effect Snow – In the fall and winter, land
cools faster than the lakes. • When cool air mass moves from Canada across
Great Lakes it picks up water vapor and heat from lakes.
• After the air mass passes the lakes it begins to cool and the water vapor condenses and falls as snow
What is it?
• A Blizzard is a blinding snowstorm with very strong winds and cold temperatures
When do they take place?
• Blizzards are storms that happen in the winter months.
How do they occur?
• Blizzards occur when a warm air mass runs into a cold air mass. Clouds form and the cold air freezes the moisture in the warm air mass. The wind speeds increase and snow falls to the ground.
Where do they take place?
Find shelter indoors.
2. Stay away from windows and doors.
3. If you are stuck in a car with the engine running to stay warm, keep the windows
open a little bit. This will let poisonous carbon monoxide escape from the
inside of the car.
4. Keep extra food and water, flashlight, a battery-operated radio, and, if possible,
a cell phone with you.
5. If you are trudging through deep snow, keep moving. Do not lie down to rest.
6. If you are caught outdoors, use clothing to cover your face and as much of your
skin as you can.
Safety Precautions
Your Assignments• You will work in predetermined groups.• Within your group, you will create a skit demonstrating
your knowledge on severe weather safety. – What is your severe weather?– How does it occur?– What are the safety precautions you should take if you are
inside/outside?
• 1. group leaders (directors)• 2. researchers (computer)• 3. recorders (write everything down)