Wearable Computing

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May 5th, 2007 © 2007 Team 1

Pace University – DPS Class of 2008

Dr. Chuck Tappert

Wearable ComputingWearable Computing

Mirkeya Capellán Seung Choi Rob Phillips

Team 1Team 1::

Wearable Computing – Team 1 PresentationWearable Computing – Team 1 Presentation

© 2007 Team 12 May 5th, 2007

AgendaAgenda

Hello!

Mobile, pervasive, ubiquitous or wireless?

Characteristics of Computing Devices

What is Wearable Computing

Types of Wearable Computing

Real Word Examples

Future Research

References


© 2007 Team 13 May 5th, 2007

Hello!Hello!

Video clip from Apple iPhone site

www.apple.com


© 2007 Team 14 May 5th, 2007

Mobile, pervasive, ubiquitous or wireless – where does Mobile, pervasive, ubiquitous or wireless – where does wearable computers fit into this?wearable computers fit into this?

Early in 1200s (Eyeglasses) or 1500s (Pocket Watch)

First wearable modern device invented by Edward O. Thorp and Claude E. Shannon in 1961

The terminology used for this technology is conflicting because we have seen wearable computing mixed and used interchangeably with ubiquitous or pervasive computing.

– Ubiquitous computing, first introduced at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) in 1988, is “The method of enhancing computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user.”[1- No wires attached: Usability challenges in the connected mobile world]


© 2007 Team 15 May 5th, 2007

Characteristics of Personal Computing DevicesCharacteristics of Personal Computing Devices

[L. Gorlenko and R. Merrick, No wires attached: Usability challenges in the connected mobile world]


© 2007 Team 16 May 5th, 2007

Device Mobility and Modes of InteractionDevice Mobility and Modes of Interaction

Usability Challenges

– It’s not the qualities of a computing device that are paramount, but the qualities of the interaction between the user and the device.

– A continuum of existing personal computers, of varying degrees of mobility, is shown in the previous table because it can help us determine the degree of device mobility and possible interaction modes.

This is an extension of a classification of personal computers by portability introduced by Weiss where each device has two attributes [S. Weiss]:

– form factor (including dimensions and weight),

– surface support requirements (whether or not the device needs to be held against any fixed surface outside of the user's body, or if the user's body is used to support the device).


© 2007 Team 17 May 5th, 2007

Is it mobile or Is it wireless?Is it mobile or Is it wireless?

Computers that feature network connectivity on the move are described simply as mobile or wireless computers.

– We have also probably used the term ‘portable’ when referring to these types of devices

So What!

– These definitions only capture part of the meaning of mobile connectivity. As you know, not all mobile devices are enabled as wireless, and not all wireless devices are mobile. Geezzzz!


© 2007 Team 18 May 5th, 2007

What are wearable computing devices or wearables?What are wearable computing devices or wearables?

Modular computers whose components are small and light enough to be worn on a user's body for convenient operation.

The input and output components of wearables are worn close to the user's sensors (eyes and ears) and actuators (hands and mouth).

Wearables, by their very definition, do not need any support other than the user's body, and this classifies them as fully mobile.

– Similar to handhelds, wearables enable mobile interaction with personal items

• A display, one inch in size could be clipped onto eyeglasses

• A keyboard could wrap around the user's wrist to make the wearable nearly invisible while making it both both mobile and ubiquitous.


© 2007 Team 19 May 5th, 2007

19981998IBM Wearable ComputerIBM Wearable Computer

1998, the IBM Wearable Computer, was derived from a ThinkPad 560X.

– It included a 233Mhz Intel processor, 64M of RAM and a 340MB IBM MicroDrive.

– It ran Windows™ 98 and a set of PC applications and IBM ViaVoice™ 1998 speech software. Its Lithium-ion battery lasted about 1.5-2 hours. It included USB, IrDA, and CF type II interfaces. The whole unit weighed only 299g.

– The head mounted display had a resolution of 320x240 pixels with 256 gray levels. It included an ear phone and weighed 50g. The device was controlled a TrackPoint™ and a microphone while on the go.


© 2007 Team 110 May 5th, 2007

20002000IBM Linux WatchIBM Linux Watch

August 2000, a team of IBM researchers, with skills in hardware design, operating systems, displays, electronic and mechanical packaging, industrial design, and user interface design that was spread across multiple IBM Research sites worked together to develop a wrist watch prototype that runs Linux and X11.

Though the set of software and hardware components we have developed have presently been packaged in a high function wrist watch prototype, they can be utilized in several other small and wearable form factors.


© 2007 Team 111 May 5th, 2007

20022002IBM Personal Mobile HubIBM Personal Mobile Hub

A personal mobile hub serves a gateway between body worn sensors, wrist watch computers and the internet. The IBM hub, demonstrated in 2002, is built from the Linux Watch platform, and includes both long and short range wireless connectivity.

This three tier configuration allows the sensor designers to focus on ergonomics, aesthetics and accuracy instead of attempting to pack end to end functionality in the sensor unit. Clearly, the personal mobile hub can be shared between multiple body worn devices and allows the user to add more devices to his constellation over time. The PMH also includes storage and software to collect data and analyze it to detect patterns. The rules for triggering alerts and notifications can be upgraded even after the device is purchased. One possible use for the PMH is shown in the IBM.


© 2007 Team 112 May 5th, 2007

20022002IBM Personal Mobile Hub - continuedIBM Personal Mobile Hub - continued


© 2007 Team 113 May 5th, 2007

200x200xIBM Everywhere Interactive Display DemoIBM Everywhere Interactive Display Demo

http://domino.research.ibm.com/comm/research.nsf/pages/r.mobile.hci_inter.html


© 2007 Team 114 May 5th, 2007

200x200xBose Quiet Comfort HeadsetBose Quiet Comfort Headset

www.bose.com

Acoustic noise cancelling


© 2007 Team 115 May 5th, 2007

20072007Apple iPhoneApple iPhone

www.apple.com

How does the iPhone adapt to the needs of a user?

– Yes - Location awareness—Used in location-based services, this is the ability to track users' whereabouts at each moment and provide them with the information relevant to the current location.

– Yes - Environmental awareness—The ability to read the specifics of the interaction setting, such as a noisy crowd, a one-to-one conversation, or an enclosed space.

– Yes - Mobility awareness—The ability to decode a user's movements and body posture at each moment, for example, knowing whether the user is currently sitting, standing, walking, or running.

– No - Health awareness—The ability to measure various physical conditions of the user, such as heart rate, body temperature, and blood pressure.

– Yes - Activity awareness—The ability to understand current high-level activities of the user, for example, reading, watching TV, or writing.

I want one!


© 2007 Team 116 May 5th, 2007

Adoption and Complexity of Task IssuesAdoption and Complexity of Task Issues

Try to account for all possible usages of the product. The paradox is that the more convenient it is to be used you may find the user trying to use it in a different setting that is totally different.

– Do you think the designer of the first laptop seriously thought of using it on the beach?

– With fully mobile and wearable devices, the number of previously unthought-of usages jumps.

The primary usage of mobile phones when they first came out was voice-based communication.

– When SMS was introduced in the past decade, it was seen as a minor application, and few designers would have considered conducting task analysis for SMS in the design of a new phone.

– Nowadays, there are millions of short messages sent every day.


© 2007 Team 117 May 5th, 2007

Future Research ideasFuture Research ideas

The Remembrance Agent is a program that augments human memory by displaying a list of documents relevant to the user's current context. Augmentation of the user, through extending both memory and perception is often seen as the path by which the next generation of devices (which are mostly wearables) will become one with the user [B. J. Rhodes].


© 2007 Team 118 May 5th, 2007

References:References:

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wearable_computer

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EyeTap

[3] http://www.sci-tech-today.com/story.xhtml?story_id=02000000H1ZW

[4] http://www.campustechnology.com/articles/40766/

[5] http://about.eyetap.org/fundamentals

[6] http://wearcam.org/cyborg.htm

[7] L. Gorlenko and R. Merrick, No wires attached: Usability challenges in the connected mobile world. IBM Systems Journal. Volume 42, Number 4, 2003

[8] Weiss, Handheld Usability, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ (2002).

[9] B. J. Rhodes, “The Remembrance Agent,” Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology (PAAM'96), 487–495 (1996).

Wearable Computing

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