Monica Gloudemans Ekaterina Schwartz Gloudemans/Schwartz ACS 560 CMAP.
Wear elements - Schwartz Plasticschwartz-plastic.eu/fileadmin/Downloads/Broschu__re_englisch.pdf ·...
Transcript of Wear elements - Schwartz Plasticschwartz-plastic.eu/fileadmin/Downloads/Broschu__re_englisch.pdf ·...
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Technical Plasticsfor the lifting and
transporting industry
Rope sheaves
Multi-Wire Sheave
Runner wheels
Outrigger floats
Wear elements
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In recent years and decades, machine components made from high quality technical materials have become increasingly important in the manufacture of machinery and equipment. Schwartz was founded in 1924 as the first European manufacturer of non-metallic friction bearings for steel rolling mills. Since then we have become the leading manufacturer of technical plastics and an efficient partner to the industry on the continuously developing field oftechnical plastics.
Our registered trademarks LAMIGAMID®, LAMINEX® and OPTAMID® are the names of our thermo- and duroplast plastics, known all over the world as high quality polymer materials with the following interesting advantages:
Your requirement is our challenge
• lowspecificweight• greatrigidityandhardness• highimpactvalueevenat
lowtemperatures• friction-andwear-resistance• excellentslidingandemergency
runningproperties• corrosionresistance• no,orverylowmoisture
absorption• goodtoverygoodresistanceto
chemicalsandhydrolysis• dimensionalstability• virtuallynolimittothevariety
ofdimensionsandshapes• lowestmaintenance
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For the production of lifting, handling and transportation equipment Schwartz Technical Plastics supplies:
Areas of application:
Plastic machine parts and their areas of application
Building cranes
Bridge cranes• Overheadandother
travellingcranes
Deck cranes
Cranes for Installation on vehicles• Railway-cranes• Latticemastcranes• mobileportcranes• Truckchargingcranes• Crawlercranes• Telescopiccranes
Dockside cranes• Containercranes• Slewingcranes• Shipdischarging
cranes• Floatingcranes
Cable cranes
Off-Shore pedestal cranes• Containerbridges• Stockyardcranes
Grab divices
Spreaders
Crane Installations Conveyors and Transporting Equipment
Overhead conveyors
Stackers
Lifts
Bucket conveyors
Escalators
Fork lifts
Trolley conveyors
Marshalling installations
Shelf handling equipment
Inclined hoists
Transport installations
• ropesheaves
• runnerwheels
• outriggerfloats
• wearliners
• slidingbearings
• ropepulleys
• hose reels
• supportrollers
• gearwheels
• toothedracks
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Avarietyofmaterialsareavailablefortheproductionofmachinepartsusedinlifting,handlingandtransportationequipment.AlotoftheseitemsaremadeofLAMIGAMID®310,314,318(WFN),319,320,324/327andourhigh-performancepolyamideLAMIGAMID® 1200.
Materials
Material mechanicalproperties Applications
Density
Yieldpoint/
Tensilestrangth
Percentageelog
ation
atbreak
Mod
uleofelasticity
etsablishedintensil
Ballind
entation
hardness
Notchim
pactstreng
th
g/cm3 N/mm2 % N/mm2 N/mm2 KJ/m2
LAMIGAMID® 310 1,15 75 >25 3250 154 3,5-15Ropesheaves,Rollers,Bearingrollers,Linings,Gears
LAMIGAMID® 314 1,16 70 > 20 3150 145 2,7-12Ropesheaves,Rollers;Wearpads
LAMIGAMID®318 1,15 80 > 20 4000 120 6 Wearelements
LAMIGAMID®319 1,15 80 >25 3150 145 4-15Ropesheavesandwheelswithoutadditionalbearings,Slidingliners
LAMIGAMID®319M3 1,15 95 >25 3300 160 > 4 Wearelements
LAMIGAMID®319M8 1,15 90 >25 3200 155 > 4 Wearelements
LAMIGAMID® 320 1,15 90 >15 3400 165 2,5-12 heavy-dutyrollers
LAMIGAMID®324/327 1,16 95 >15 3400 165 2,5-12heavy-dutywheelsrunningspeedupto3m/sec.
LAMIGAMID® 1200 1,03 60 > 20 2000 100 > 10Gears,Chainwheels,Pulleys,Wheels,SlideandSealrings,Curvediscs,etc.
Table 1: MechanicalpropertiesofsomeLAMIGAMIDmaterials(meanvalues)andtheirapplications.Thetable„SyntheticMaterials,technicaldata“willshowyoufurthermechanical,electricalandthermalproperties.
UsetheQR-Codeorvisitourwebsiteschwartz-plastic.com.
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Characteristic properties
LAMIGAMID® 310 - standard quality isaresilient-hardcastpolyamide.Thismaterialfeatures:
• lowspecificweight• high strength hardness and toughness• high resistance to tear and wear• low surface pressure with regard to metallic
partners• good sliding and emergency running
properties• good resistance against sea water, oil and grease• good corrosion and weathering resistance
LAMIGAMID® 314
isaresilient-hardcastpolyamidewithaMoS2-additive.Thisadditiveleadstoanincreaseinthematerial‘sdegreeofcrystallizationwhich,inturn,increasesthesur-facehardness,therebyslightlyimprovingthecoefficientoffrictionincaseofdry-run.
LAMIGAMID® 318 (WFN)
isacastingmaterialwithliquidlubricant.Itevenhasalo-wercoefficientofslidingfrictionandcanbeusedtopro-duceallconceivableforms.Roundandangledshapescanbefabricatedwithoutanyproblem.Ifyouneedtotakeyourwearpadsintothethirddimension,thenLAMIGAMID®318istheperfectmaterialforyou.Tempe-raturerangefrom-40°Cto+60°C.
LAMIGAMID® 319
isaresilient-hardcastpolyamide,oilfilled.Theaddedoilisanintegralcomponentofthematerialandcontributesalottoanessentialreductionofthecoefficientoffrictionincaseofdry-run.Thematerialisself-lubricatingandmaybeusedwith-outadditionallubricants.LAMIGAMID319‘swearresistancecharacteristicsaresuperiortothoseofthestandardquality.Inaddition,thematerialabsorbsconsiderablylesshumidity.
LAMIGAMID® 319 M3 and M8
istheresultofinnovativedevelopmentandmanyyears‘experience.Withthesevariationsweextendourrangeofmaterialsinthefieldofself-lubricatingmaterials.LAMIGAMID319M3andM8areperfectthematerialsforspecificrequirements.
LAMIGAMID®319M3andM8areonlyavailableinahighlevelorder.Togetfurherinformationpleasecontactus.
LAMIGAMID® 320
isasuper-hardcastpolyamide.Thematerialwasespeciallydevelopedforheavilyloadedrunnerwheels.ItsE-modulusissuperiortothatofthestandardquality.Thisalsoappliestoitsballindentationhardness.Thematerialmaybeusedunderconsiderablyhigherlimitloads.
LAMIGAMID® 324/327
correspondstotheLAMIGAMID320quality.InordertoincreasethedegreeofcrystallizationandtheheatdeflectiontemperaturethematerialisenrichedwithMoS2 andaheatstabilizer.Theseadditionsenablethematerialtoberununderhighspeedsandhighloads.Eveninthecaseofhightemperaturestheadmissiblelimitloardsaresuperiortothoseofthenormalqualities.
LAMIGAMID® 1200
LAMIGAMID®1200isourhigh-performancepolyamidquality.Itistheresultofinnovativedevelopmentandmanyyear‘sexperience.Castwithoutpressureforanalmosttension-free,homogeneousmaterialwithexcellentpropertiesforhigh-stressapplications.Usingourowncompositionsandproductionprocesses,weareabletoreachaveryhighmolecularweightandcrystallinity.Thankstothesecharacteristics,SchwartzhasreceivedUSPVIauthorisationforcastpolyamide12-LAMIGAMID® 1200.
NEW
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Description of the Process
Caprolactam,therawmaterial,ismeltedintwodifferentvesselstogetherwiththeactivator(2)ontheonehandandthecatalyst(3)ontheother;subsequentlythetwoseparatemeltsaremixed(4)andcastintopreheatedmoulds.
Reaction(polymerization)takesplaceinthesemoulds;thepolyamidecrystallizesandsolidifies.AfteracertainperiodoftimethemouIdcanbeopenedandthecastingcanberemoved.
Centrifugal Moulding
Thisprocedureisusedfortheproductionofmouldingsofcircularsymmetry,suchasropesheaves,runnerwheelsortubes.
InthecentrifugalprocessthepreheatedmouIdrotatesatahighspeedaboutahorizontalorverticalaxis.Thecentrifugalforcepressesthemeltagainstthemould’swalls.Itemsproducedinthisprocessarecharacterizedbyhighstrength.
Gravity Casting
Inthisprocessthemeltisgravity-fedintopre-heatedmoulds.Thegravityprocessisusedfortheproductionofsemifinishedproductssuchasroundrods,plates,plungers,largetubesandothermouldingssuchasoutriggerfloats.
LAMIGAMID®310consistsofthreecomponents:Caprolactam,activatorandcatalyst.Caprolactamistherawmaterial,whereastheactivatorandcatalystareintendedtocontrolpolymerization.Thedosageofthesetwolattercomponentsinfluencesthecoursesofthereaction.Byvaryingthedosageoftheindividualcomponentsthematerialmaybeproducedinresilient,resilient-hardorsuperhardquality.
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Tailor-made solutions
AtSchwartzTechnicalPlasticsweloveachallenge.Cometouswithyourspecificationsandrequirementsandletushelpyoufindtheperfectsolution.Ourtech-nicalplasticsareidealforindividualanddemandingapplications.
Ourhighlyqualifiedteamwillworkcloselywithyoutocomeupwiththebesttechnicalandeconomicallyviablesolution.Wespecializeinthedevelopmentandmanu-factureofcustom-madecomponentsforourcustomers.Ourmodernmanufacturingplantsandstate-of-the-artprocessesaretailoredtosuiteachindividualmaterialsandofferspeed,flexibilityandthehighestqualitystan-dards.(CertifiedaccordingtoDINENISO9001,VDehEN29004/ISO9004,typeapprovalsfromDNV,Germa-nischerLloyd,Lloyd’sRegisterandBureauVeritas.)
Ourengineersmakesurethatyourplansareperfectlyimplemented,buttheycandomuchmore.Shouldyourequirehelporconsultationattheplanningstage,ourstaffishappytooffertheirideasandexperience.Greatideasandperfectmaterials–that’swhatdefinesSchwartz Plastics.
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Rope Sheaves made of LAMIGAMID® Materials
Theuseofplasticropesheavesinropegearingsismoreand more increasing. LAMIGAMID® rope sheaves areused in all types of cranes, electrical and chain hoists,handlingandtransportationinstallations,liftingplatformsandmanyotherdevices.
Ropesheavesmadeofplasticcanbeusedforanylifting,handlingortransportationequipment,exceptforunitsusedinhigh-temperatureplants.LAMIGAMID® ropesheavesareproducedinthesamesizesasmetallicones.Theycanalsobeusedforropetensionsofthesamekind.Theadmissibleinclinedtensionis3°.
Severalyearsofapplicationinmanyhoists,handlingandtransportationinstallationshaveshownthattheirwearbehaviourisatleastequivalenttothatofmetallicwheels.InagreatnumberofinstallationstheuseofLAMIGAMID®ropesheaveshasresultedinevenmuchbetterperiodsofservicelife.
ReasonsfortheapplicationofLAMiGAMID® rope sheavesare:
• considerably lower weight• extended wire rope life• improved vibration dampening
RopesheavesaremadefromLAMIGAMID®310and319.OurstandardqualityforsheavesisLAMIGAMID® 310. Thisqualityisusedforalmostallsheavesintendedforusewithrollerorslidingbearing.
LAMIGAMID®319isparticularlyusedforsheaveswhichareintendedforlowropetensionsandlowcircumferentialspeeds. These sheaves canbeusedwithout a roller orsliding bearing. They can bemounted directly onto theshaft.Fortechnicalproperties,pleaserefertoTable1onpage4ortable„SyntheticMaterials,technicaldata“.
Underload,LAMIGAMID®ropesheavescanbeusedattemperaturesfrom+60°Cdownto—40°C.
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The weight of LAMIGAMID® Rope Sheaves
Wire Rope Life
Owingtothelowspecificweightoftheplasticmateri-al,LAMIGAMID®ropesheavesareconsiderablylighterthanropesheavesmadeofsteeloraluminium.Foryourinformationwehaveindicatedbelowthespecificweightofdifferentropesheavesmaterials:
Steel approx. 7.85 g/cm3
Aluminium approx. 2.70 g/cm3 LAMIGAMID approx. 1.15 g/cm3
Theweightofa710mmsteelropesheaveisapproximately116kg—comparedto32kgofacorrespondingpulleymadeofLAMIGAMID®.If20ropesheavesofa710mmdiametersarerequiredwithinoneboom,theuseofLAMIGAMID®sheaveswillresultinaweightsavingofapprox.1680kg.Theseconsiderablylowerweightsprovidethefollowingadvantagestothedesigneranduser:
• increase in the hoisting capacity• reduction of the booms’ own weight• in mobile cranes: reduction of the loads acting
upon the axles• easier and quicker installation of sheaves
UsingLAMIGAMID®sheavesconsiderablyextendstheropeslifeexpectancy.Thelifetimeisessentiallydeterminedbythelinepull,theropediameterandtheshapeofthegroove.Itisalsoinfluencedbythesumofradialandlateralpressureswhichoccurbetweenropeandgroove.
Asaresultoftheseforces,thephenomenonofsurfacepressurealternationoccursintheropeorcablewires.Theextentoftheoccurrenceofthisphenomenonde-pendsonthematerialofthesheaveandtherelationofthevaluesoftheE-moduleofgroovematerialandropewire:thesmal-lerthisrelationis,thesmallerwillbetheoccurrenceofthisphenomenon.Thereforehardsheavematerialssuchassteel,castironorhardcastaluminiumwillleadtohighsurfacepressurescausingfractureoftheropestrands.
ThesituationisdrasticallyalteredwithropesheavesmadeofLAMIGAMID®.TheE-moduleofourLAMIGA-MIDgradesrangefrom2.500to3.400N/mm2,whichmeansthatthedegreeofsurfacepressurebetweenropegrooveandropeisinsignificant.Withawrapangleof180°thesheaveadaptsmoresnuglytotherope;thisleadstoanincreasednumberofcontactpointsbetweenropeandwheel.
TestsandobservationsmadehaveshownthattheuseofLAMIGAMID®sheavesalmosteliminateswearontheouterropelayers,thenumberofbendingalternationstilltheruptureoftheropecanbedoubledorincreasedevenmore.
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Production of LAMIGAMID®-Rope Sheaves
Customized products in large dimensions.
We are able to manufacture Sheaves having a diametre of 3500 mm.
Theropesheavesareeitherspuncastinspecialmoulds(typeA)ormachine-finishedfromcastbarsusingCNCturningmachines(typeB).
Type A
Thesheavesarecastincentrifugalmoulds.Themouldsproduceanalmostready-to-installcentrifugalcasting.Onlythecenterboreandthegroovearemechanicallyfinishedinordertoassureperfectalignmentwiththegroove.Morethan200differentshapesareavailable.Spun-castsheavesareproducedwithouterdiametersof320to1.500mm.
Type B
Sheaveswithouterdiametersof50to320mmaremachine-finishedfromcastbars.MachiningiscarriedoutonCNC-controlledlathes.Thewheels‘lateralsurfacesareusuallyplain,buttheycanalsobedeliveredwithlateralrecesses.Anyoptionalspecificationcanbesupplied.Thistypeofsheaveisavailablewithouterdiametersupto3.500mm.
Boththespun-castsheavesaswellasthemachine-finishedonesaregenerallysubjectedtoathermalconditioningprocess.Thesheavesarebothtemperedandconditioned,whereasthemachine-finishedareonlytempered.Thisistoinsurethatallthematerialusedisstress-free.
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Finding the perfect solution
Ourengineersmakesurethatyourplansareperfectlyimplemented,buttheycandomuchmore.Shouldyourequirehelporconsultationattheplanningstage,ourstaffishappytooffertheirideasandexperience.Greatideasandperfectmaterials–that’swhatdefinesSchwartzPlastics.
Bothwithregardtotheoutsideandgroovebasediameteraswellastothesheaveandborewidth,thedimensionsofLAMIGAMID®sheavesareidenticaltothoseofcorrespondingmetalsheaves.Thedesignofthewebsofspun-castsheavesisadaptedtothematerialinvolved.ThetolerancesapplicabletoLAMIGAMID®sheavesareappropriateforplastic materials.
a) Tolerances for Spun-Cast Sheaves
ØOutsidemmfrom300-500
ØOutsidemmfrom500-800
ØOutsidemmexceeding800
D2ØOutside ±2,0 ±3,0 ±5,0
D1Øgroovebase ±2,0 ±3,0 ±5,0
D3Øborediameter ±2,0 ±3,0 ±3,5
Mismatch ±1,0 ±1,5 ±2,0
Width B1+B2
upto60mm from61-100mm exceeding100mm
B1sheavewidth -1,5 -2,0 -2,5
B2borewidth ±0,1 ±0,1 ±0,1
Design of LAMIGAMID® Sheaves
Table 2
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b)GrooveProfilesandGrooveRadii
Table 3
Design of LAMIGAMID® Sheaves
Nominaldiameterofrope/cable
d1
h i m Grooveradius Nominaldiameterofrope/cable
d1
h i m Grooveradius
Guidevalues Guidevalues
r1 r1
3 8 9 2 1,6
+0,4
25 40 51 8 13,5
+0,84 10 11 2 2,2 26 40 52 8 14
5 12,5 14 2 2,7 27,28 40 53 8 15
6 12,5 15 3 3,2 29,30 45 59 8 16
7 15 17 4 3,7 31,32 45 60 8 17
+1,6
8 15 18 4 4,2 33,34 50 65 10 18
9 17,5 21 4,5 4,8 35,36 55 71 10 19
10 17,5 22 4,5 5,3
+0,6
37,38 55 72 11 20
11 20 25 5 6 39,40 60 78 11 21
12 20 25 5 6,5 41 60 79 11 22
13 22,5 28 5 7 42,43 65 84 11 23
14 25 31 6 7,5 44,45 65 86 12,5 24
15 25 31 6 8 46 67,5 89 12,5 25
16 27,5 34 6 8,5
+0,8
47 70 91 12,5 25
17 30 37 6 9 48 70 93 12,5 26
18 30 38 6 9,5 49 72,5 95 12,5 26
19 32,5 40 7 10 50 72,5 96 12,5 27
20 35 43 7 10,5 52 75 99 12,5 28
21 35 44 7 11 54 77,5 103 12,5 29
22 35 45 7 12 56 80 106 12,5 30
23 35 46 7 12,5 58 82,5 110 12,5 31
24 37,5 48 8 13 60 85 113 12,5 32
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LAMIGAMID®sheavesaresuitableforusewithrollerbearingsoranti-frictionbearingsmadeofplasticmaterialorbronze.LAMIGAMID®319sheavescanrundirectlyonsteel shafts.
Table 4: BearingtypesforLAMIGAMID®sheaves
a)RollerBearings
Mostofthesheavesareusedtogetherwithrollerbearings.Inmostcasesthesebearingsaredirectlypressedintotheboreholes.Aneventualexcessivesqueezebetweenthebearingandtheboreisrelievedbymeansofapressed-inintermediatesteelbushinginwhichthebearingsarethenmounted.
Therollerbearingispress-fitintotheboreoftheLAMIGAMID®sheavebywayofcoldpressing.Forreasonsofconveniencethisoperationiscarriedoutusingapress.Dependingonthetypeoftherollerbearingtherearecertainminustoleranceswhichareobservedforboreholes.Theminustolerancereferstotherespectiveoutsidediameteroftherollerbearing.
b) Journal Bearing Bushes
LAMIGAMID®310sheavesmayalsobeequippedwithplasticormetalslidingbearings.Inthiscasetheadmissibleloadforthesheavedependsonthebearingcapacityoftherespectiveslidingbearing.
SuchplasticbearingbushingsaremadefromLAMIGAMID®319or510.Boththesematerialsareself-lubricatingtoalargeextent.Theaveragebearingpressureiscalculatedaccordingto:
Equation 5:
P = F
N/mm2
b·d
F = AxleloadinN
d = Hubwidthinmm
b = Diameteroftheboreinmm
Forboththesematerialsonecanassumeamax.admissiblePVvalueofapprox.0.05N/mm2·m/s.If possible the average bearing pressure shoudbe lessthan25N/mm2.
Metalslidingbearingsareinsertedinthesheavesbywayofcastingorpressingthemin.Iftheyarepress-fititisrecommended to secure themmechanically. The staticfrictionbetweenthemetalandtheplasticisnotsufficientsothatthebearingsmightpossiblycreepoutofthecenterboreinanaxialdirection. Ifthesheavesaretobeequippedwiththin-walledslidingbearings, intermediatesteelbushingsareinsertedinthewheelbywayofcastinginorpressfitting.
c)OperationwithoutRollingorJournlBearingBush
SheavesmadeofLAMIGAMID®319arealwaysusedwithoutadditionalbearings.LAMIGAMID®319ischaracterizedbyalowfrictioncoefficientindry-run,andlowmoistureabsorption. PriortousingLAMIGAMID®sheavesthemainbearingpressurehastobecalculated.ThiscanbedoneusingEquation5.
Example:
RopeSheave Ropetension=500N
Centerbore V=1,0m/s
Hubwidth Wrapangle180°
P =2·500
=1000
30 · 30 900 P=1,11N/mm2
Table12onpage31showswhetherthesheavecanbeusedatthedeterminedbearingpressureandthecirum-ferentialvelocityof1.0m/s.
Fornon-stopoperationthebearingpressureistoohigh.Atacircumferentialspeedof1.0m/sitsmaximumwouldbe0,5N/mm2.However, if thesheave isonlysubjecttoshort-termloads,theuseofLAMIGAMID®319couldpossiblybetakenintoconsideration.Inthiscasethebe-aringpressuremayexceedthevaluesshownintable12byafactorof2,5.
Bearings for LAMIGAMID® Sheaves
LAMIGAMID®-quality
with roller bearing
withanti-friction
bearingsmadeof self-
lubricatingplastic
withcast-inbushingmadeof
steel/bronze
withoutaddi-tionalbearing
310 yes yes yes no
319 no no no yes
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Multi-Wire-Sheave
Aninnovativesolutionforsheaveswithdifferentcablediameters
Offshorecranesthatworkindifferentdepthsneedtobeequippedwithcablesandsheavesofvaryinggroovediameters.Whereasthickerandlighterpolymercablesareusedincranesworkinginareasofextremedepth,applicationsatsurfacelevelorinloftyheightsrequireheavieryetthinnersteelcables.Inmanycasesasinglecranesystemisusedtoworkbothareas,inwhichcaseitbecomesnecessarytoequipthesheavewithdifferentsheavegroovediameters,sincechangingtherollduringoperationishardlypossible.
Themulti-wiresheaveissuitableforwirecableswithadiameterof76mmto130mmandagrooveprofileof45°to40°.Thissafeandsimplesolutionsavesbothmo-neyandtime,sincetheneedtodisassembleorremovesheavesbeforechangingcablesnolongerarises.Cablegroovesegmentscanberemovedseparatelyasneeded.
TheremovableplasticpartsaremanufacturedfromLAMIGAMID® 310.
WorkingcloselywithourpartnercompanyVanMechelenLiftingGear,wehavedevelopedanewpulleysystemthatincorporatesaLAMIGAMID® cap with groovesthatcanbeadjustedtofitdifferentcablediameters.ThisinnovativedevelopmentbringstogetherthebestqualitiesofmetalandLAMIGAMID®,offeringstrengthandstabilityontheonehand,whileatthesametimebeinglowinweightandrealeasyonthecables.
Bild:VanM
echelenLiftingGear
TheadvantagesofLAMIGAMID®310ataglance:
• lowspecificweight• high strength hardness and toughness• high resistance to tear and wear• low surface pressure with regard to metallic
partners• good sliding and emergency running
properties• good resistance against sea water, oil and
grease• good corrosion and weathering resistance.
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Areas of appliaction for Sheaves
made of LAMIGAMID
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Areas of application for heavy runner wheels made of LAMIGAMID®
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Runner wheels made of LAMIGAMID®
ForquiteanumberofyearsLAMIGAMID®runnerwheelhavenowbeensuccessfullyusedforheavy-dutyserviceinlifting,handling,transportationandconveyinginstallations.
RunnerwheelsmadeofLAMIGAMID®materialsshouldbeusedifthefollowingdemandsaretobefulfilled:
• extremely silent run• reduced rail wear• resistance against corrosion• physiological harmlessness
LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelscanbeusedinanyknowntypeoflifting,handling,transportationandconveyinginstallationaslongastheadmissiblelimitloadsarenotexceeded.
Theuseofplasticrunnerwheelsisnot,oronlyconditionally,possibleif:
• the rolling speed exceeds 5 m/s (In this case the heating-up of the tread would become too great.)
IfacylindricalLAMIGAMID®runnerwheelcomesincontactwithasteelrail,theflatteningofthiswheelisapproximatelyseventimesasmuchasinthecaseofasteelwheel;asaresulttheloadactingonthesyntheticwheelisonlyoneseventhoftheloadwhichwouldactonacomparablesteelwheel.ThisexplainsthegreatercarryingcapacityofLAMIGAMID®runnerwheels.
Inthecaseofacrowned,i.e.spherical,wheeltreadthesituationisevenmorefavourable.Aball-shapedtreadcorrespondstotheidealcaseofaballbeingincontactwithaplanesurface.Althoughthecorrespondingflatteningisonlyfourtimesasgreatasinthecaseofacylindricalwheel,theloadactingonthewheelisnever-thelessonlyonethirteenthofthecorrespondingvalueofasteel/steelcombination.
LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsarehighlyresistanttowearaslongastheadmissiblelimitloadsareobserved.Thewearrateofdrivenwheelsisslightlyhigherthanthatofidlingones.Theratewillbeincreasedbysharpbrakingmanoeuvresorexcessiveacceleration.
Ifpossible,plasticrunnerwheelsshouldbeusedwithoutwheelflange.Thewearrateofflangedrunnerwheelscanbeveryhighifthewheelsrunoncurvedpathsorifthewheelflangesaresubjecttogreatguidingforces.LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsreducetheshocksactingontherollerbearingandthereforecontributetoanessentialextensionofthebearings’servicelife.
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Runnerwheelsforheavy-dutyservicecanbemadefromLAMIGAMID®grades310,319,320,324/327and1200.ForthemechanicalpropertiesofthedifferentmaterialspleaserefertoTable1onpage4ortoourchart“SyntheticMaterial,technicaldata”.
AllLAMIGAMID®materialsarehighlyfatigueresistantandcharacterizedbyexcellentelasticcapacity.TheirE-moduliareconsiderablylowerthanthoseofsteel,caststeel,castironornodularcastiron.TheselowE-moduliareadvan-tageousforhighlystressedrunnerwheels.Theplasticmaterialsdeform,therebycreatinglargersupportsurfaceswhich,inturn,resultinsmallermaximumsurfacepressurevalues.Theelasticpropertyissufficienttorestorethewheeltoitsoriginalformaftertheloadisreleased.Ifarunnerwheelhasbeensubjectedtothemaximimadmissibleloadsoveralongperiodoftime,thecontactpointsmayshowvisibleflattening.However,theseflatteningswillbestretchedafterafewrollmotions.
LAMIGAMID® 310
ThestandardgradeforrunnerwheelsisLAMIGAMID®310,aresilient-hardcastpolyamide.Mostoftherunnerwheelsmadefromthismaterialareusedinconnectionwithrollerorslidingbearings.
LAMIGAMID®310isusedtoproducerunnerwheelse.g.forlifts,constructionsitecranes,materialhoists,verticalconveyorsandmaterialhandlingequipment,slidingdoors,etc.
LAMIGAMID® 319
isaresilient-hardcastpolyamide,oilfilled.Owingtothematerial’slowfrictioncoefficientindryrunanditsminimalhumidityabsorption,LAMIGAMID®319runnerwheelscanbeusedwithoutrollingorslidingbearing.Theyarealsosuitableforoutdoororunderwaterservice.
Runnerwheelsmadeofthismaterialareusede.g.inIifts,stageequipment,overheadconveyorsandmar-shallinginstallations.
LAMIGAMID® 320
isacastpolyamideofaparticularlyhardcomposition.Thismaterialhasbeendesignedforrunnerwheelsusedforserviceunderhighstress.Bothstaticallyaswellasdynamically,LAMIGAMID®320canbesubjectedtohigherloadsthanthestandardgrade.Evenunderstaticloadnovisibleflatteningwilloccuraslongasthelimitloadsarenotexceeded.
LAMIGAMID®320isusedforrunnerwheelsinelectricalandchainhoists,lifttrucks,portalcranes,bridgecranes,shelfhandlinginstallations,etc.
LAMIGAMID® 324/327
isalsoaparticularlyhardcastpolyamide.InordertoincreaseitsdegreeofcrystallizationthematerialismodifiedbymeansofMoS2andaheatstabilier.
Owingtotheseadditions,runnerwheelsmadeofLAMIGAMID®324/327canbesubjectedtoevenhigherloads.Inaddition,theycanbeusedathighervelocities.LAMIGAMID®324/327isusedtoproducerunnerwheelsforelectricalandchainhoists,portalcranes,bridgecranes,shelfhandlinginstallationsetc.
LAMIGAMID® 1200
isourhigh-performancepolyamidquality.Itistheresultofinnovativedevelopmentandmanyyear‘sexperience.Castwithoutpressureforanalmosttension-free,homogeneousmaterialwithexcellentpropertiesforhigh-stressapplications.Usingourowncompositionsandproductionprocesses,weareabletoreachaveryhighmolecularweightandcrystallinity.Thankstothesecharacteristics,SchwartzhasreceivedUSPVIauthorisa-tionforcastpolyamide12-LAMIGAMID® 1200.
LAMIGAMID® Grades Used for Runner Wheels
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InmostcasesLAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsaremadefromroundbarstockorfrompipes.Runnerwheelswithoutsidediametersof40-300mmaremachinedonCNC-controlledlathes.
LAMIGAMID® runnerwheelscanbesuppliedinanydesiredsizeandshape.Allthecastorspun-castma-terialsusedaresubjectedtothermalconditioningandcharacterizedbyexcellentplasticproperties.
TheuseofLAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsdependson:
• the wheel load• the travelling speed• the ambient temperature
Beforeusingrunnerwheelsmadeofplasticitisneces-sarytocalculatethedeformationofthetreadandtheactinginthebore.
Exhibit 3: Loaddiagram
Exhibit 2: DifferentdesignsofrunnerwheelsmadeofLAMIGAMID® materials
Design Information
Ourengineersmakesurethatyourplansareperfectlyimplemented,buttheycandomuchmore.Shouldyourequirehelporconsultationattheplanningstage,ourstaffishappytooffertheirideasandexperience.Greatideasandperfectmaterials–that’swhatdefinesSchwartzPlastics.
Bearings for LAMIGAMID® Runner Wheels
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LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelscanbemanufacturedwithanydesiredkindofcenterbore.Exhibit4showssomeofthepossiblecenterboretypes:
Abbildung 4
1. Smooth Bore
Runnerwheelsaremadewithasmoothboreifthey
• run directly on an axle• are shrunk on steel shafts• areusedwithapressfitmetalbushing
Asarule,runnerwheelswhichrundirectlyonashaftareproducedfromLAMIGAMID319.ForrunnerwheelsmadeofLAMIGAMID®319onecanassumeamax.admissiblePvvalueofapprox.0.5N/mm2 · ms. Ifpossiblethemainbearingpressureshouldbelessthan25N/mm2.
LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelscanalsobeshrunkonsteelshafts.Therunnerwheelsareeitherheatedupto60°Candthenshrunkon,orpressedoncold.
Bothwaysensureatightfit.Inthesecasesthemainbearingpressuremaybeapprox.65N/mm2,theshort-termloadmayevenbeashighas90N/mm2.
Theloadsactingintheboreshavetobecalculatedinanycase.Thiscanbedoneusingthefollowingequation:
Pmax=F =[N/mm2] b·d
Bearings for LAMIGAMID® Runner Wheels
ItisalsopossibletopressmetalbushingsintoLAMIGAMID®runnerwheels.Coldpressingisrecommended.Thepressurebetweenthebushingandthehubshouldnotexceed65N/mm2.
2.CenterboresforRollerBearings
TheborecanbesuppliedwithgroovesforSeegercircliprings(Exhibit4,item4)orwithtwobearingseats(item3).Therollerbearingsarefittedwith0.5%minustoleranceandinmostcasesadditionallyfixedbymeansoflockingringswhichsecurethewheelinaxialdirection.Insertionisaccomplishedbymeansofcoldpressing.Maximumpermanentpressurebetweenplastichubandbearingmaybe65N/m-m/2,maximumshort-termpressureis90N/mm/2.
1)Smoothpassagebore
2)withpressed-inbearingbush, e.g.madeofLAMIGAMID®510
3)withtwoballbearingseats
4)withballbearingseatandtwo groovesforSeegercircliprings
5)withfeatherkeygroove
6)withmultiplesplinetoothing accordingtoDIN5480
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3. Centerbores with Feather Key Grooves
LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelscanalsobeusedwithfeatherkeygrooveinthebore.Inthecaseof loadtransmissionbyfeatherkeytheadmissiblesurfacepressureactingonthekeywayflankshastobecalculatedineveryindividualcase.
Thevaluesshowninthetablemustnotbeexceeded.
LAMIGAMID® 310
LAMIGAMID®
320LAMIGAMID®
324/327
N/mm2 22 25 25
Table 5:Max.admissiblesurfacepressureatkeywayflanksforLAMIGAMID® materials.
Iftheloadatthekeywayflanksistoogreatonehastouseasteelhub.Inthecaseofrunnerwheelswithatape-redweb the hub diameter should at least be 1.6 times theshaftdiameter.Thecorrespondingequationis:dn>1.6d.
ThelengthofthehubsouldbesufficienttoensurethatthesurfacepressureatthekeywayflankswillnotexceedthevaluesshowninTable5.
4. Centerbores with Multiple Spline Toothing
LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelscanalsobesuppliedwithamultiplesplinetoothingaccordingtoDIN5482inthebore.Thistypeoflinkageoffersseveraladvantages:
• friction-type connection• transmission of great torque values• convenient installation• convenient removal, the plastic wheels will not
become shrunk on the steel shafts even after years
Bearings for LAMIGAMID® Runner Wheels
Theequationforthecalculationoftheminimumkeywaysurfaceis:
min.surfaceofkeyway=
9860+103·p(kW) [mm2]
r+r+p
r=radiuskeywaycentreinmmp=admissiblesurfacepressure(table5)
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RunnerwheelsmadeofLAMIGAMID310,319,320or324/327areproducedbyspunmoulding.Theyareavailableinanydesign.
LAMIGAMIDrunnerwheelsareusedwiththesamedimensionsanddesignsasmetalwheels.
Wheelsize Ø a b Ø c Ød e Typeofbushing
LoadcapacityinN
Ø125x40 125 40 51,8 45 15 6304 26000
Ø150x50 150 50 51,8 45 15 6304 26000
Ø200x50 200 50 61,8 55 17 6305 35000
Ø250x65 250 65 61,8 55 17 6305 35000
Ø300x75 300 75 71,8 65 19 6306 45000
availablein:• LAMIGAMID® 310
• LAMIGAMID® 319
• LAMIGAMID® 320
• LAMIGAMID® 324/327
• LAMIGAMID® 1200
a) Standard Design:
Design of LAMIGAMID Runner Wheels
Table 6
Pressed-in Plastic Bushes
LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelscanalsoberealizedwithpress-fitbushesmadeofself-lubricatingplastics.SuchbushesaremadefromLAMIGAMID®319,510or600.Theselectionoftherespectivebushingmaterialdependsontheenvironmentalconditions.TheguidevalueforallthesematerialsisanadmissiblePVvalueofapprox.0.05N/mm2m/s.
LAMIGAMID®319isusedasbushingmaterialforminorloadsandmotions.ForeconomicreasonspressfitofLAMIGAMID®319busingsiscarriedoutonIyinthecaseoflargerunnerwheels.Runnerwheelswithoutsidediametersupto300mmareproducedinplainLAMIGAMID®319.
LAMIGAMID®510absorbsverylittlemoisture.Thismaterialdoesnotswell.Itcanthereforebeusedforunderwaterservice.However,itsnotchedimpactstrengthissubjecttocertainlimitations.Hardshocksandimpactsmayleadtothedestructionofthebushings.Inaddition,thismaterialisnotsuitableforapplicationswithhighedgepressures.LAMIGAMID®510ischaracterizedbyexcellentresistanceagainstabrasionandwear.
LAMIGAMID®600alsoabsorbsverylittlemoisture.However,thismaterialismoresensitivetoabrasionandwearthanLAMIGAMID®510,butfeaturesabetterimpactstrength.
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b) Single-Flange Wheels
Design of LAMIGAMID Runner Wheels
NorminalØd1
b d2 d3max.
d4 I I1 L2 Toothedring Min.railwidth Max.wheelloadNm Z
200 50 230 100 225 95 35 703 75
40 350004 56
250 60 270 120 264 120 40 803 88
48 550004 66
300 65 335 150 330 120 45 903 110
52 660004 82
315 75 350 150 340 140 50 100 4 85 60 82000
400 75 430 180 424 140 50 100 4 106 60 100000
500 85 540 200 528 170 55 110 6 88 70 140000
630 95 680 250 664 200 60 120 8 83 82 180000
c) Double-Flange Wheels
Table 7
Dimensions
D=60-300mm• madefromroundbarstock• machinedonCNC-controlled
lathes
D=300-1000mm• spun-castinmoulds• minorquantitiesmadefrom
roundbarstock
availablein:
• LAMIGAMID® 310
• LAMIGAMID® 319
• LAMIGAMID® 320
• LAMIGAMID® 324/327
• LAMIGAMID® 1200 Examplesofuse:
• Electrical and chain hoists
• Warehouse installations
Dimensions:
• Otherdimensionsanddesignsarealsoavailable
availablein:• LAMIGAMID® 310• LAMIGAMID®319• LAMIGAMID® 320• LAMIGAMID®324/327• LAMIGAMID® 1200
Examplesofuse• cranes• hoists• storage-andretrieval-units• slidingdoors milledteeth
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LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsandpulleysarehighlyresistanttowearandtear.Theachievedservicelifeperiodscorrespondtothoseofsteelwheels.Howevertherearedifferencesinthewearratesforidlerordrivenwheels.Hardbrakingorrapidacceleration,e.g.throughsharpreversalindirection,cancauseslippageofthewheelsonthetrack.Thismayresultinhighwearrates.
Theflangesofrunnerwheelsaresubjecttoexcessivewearifthewheelsareusedoncurvedpathsandsubjectedtohighguidingforces.Itisthereforerecom-mendedtouseLAMIGAMID®runnerwheelswithoutflanges.
ThewearrateofLAMIGAMID®wheelsrunningonconcreteisalsoverylow.
Wear of LAMIGAMID® Runner Wheels
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Asaresultofthedegreeofflatteningoccurringatthecontactpoints,whichisgreaterthaninthecaseofsteelwheels,LAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsarecharacterizedbyaslightlygreaterrollingresistance.
AtnormalroomtemperaturestherollingresistanceµRisapproximately3.5x10-3.Athighertemperatures,thisvaluerisesup8x10-3.
HoweverfieldoperationgatheredwiththeuseofrunnerwheelsandpulleysmadeofLAMIGAMID®hasshownthattherequireddrivepowerdoesnothavetobeincreased.
The force required formotion is opposed to the rollingresistance.Theequationforthecalculationoftherollingresistanceis:
Therollingresistancecoefficientp,ofthevariousLAMIGAMID®runnerwheelsandsheavesisshowninExhibit5asafunctionofthetemperature.
Inthecaseofpermanentserviceofhighlyloadedand/orfasttravellingwheelsandsheaves,therollingresistancecoefficientvalidfortemperaturesfrom60°Cto80°Cshouldalsobeappliedfornormalroomtemperatures,sincetheflexionactinginthewheelwillincreasethetemperature.
Whencalculatingtherollingresistancethefrictionresistanceoccurringattheseatofthewheelhastobeconsidered,too.
Thevaluesshowninexhibit5areonlyguidevalues.Ithasnotbeenpossibletoincludeimportantfactors,e.g.wheeldiameter,wheelload,speedandsurfaceoftherailtrack.
Exhibit 5:Coefficientofrollingresistanceasafunctionoftemperature:
a = LAMIGAMID®310u.319
b = LAMIGAMID®320,324/327und1200
WheeltemperatureinC°
Example:
RunnerwheelofacraneWheeldiameter D=250mmWheelwidth b=50mmWheelpressure F=40000NEnvironmentaltemperature=50C°Material LAMIGAMID320
AccordingtoExhibit5=µ=3,8·103
Calculation:WR=µ·F=3,8·10
3·40.000=152N
Rollingresistanceis152N.
Wr =µ·F(N)
Resistance due to Rolling Friction
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Evengreatshockorimpactstresseswillnotleadtoabreakageoftheplasticfloats.LAMIGAMID®outriggerfloatsareusedforsupportpressuresfrom250-1500kN.
Theiradvantages:
• high load capacity• weight reduction compared to steel constructions• break, shock and impact resistant• favourable price
Telescopiccranes,vehiclescarryingconcretepumps,buildingequipmentandmilitaryvehiclesaremoreandmoreoftenequippedwithoutriggerfloatsmadeofengineeringplastics.TheseoutriggerfloatsareproducedfromaLAMIGAMID®gradeofaparticularlyimpactresistantcompositionofhighloadcapacity.
Outrigger Floats made of LAMIGAMID®
NEW
LAMIGAMID®-Qualities for outrigger plates
LAMIGAMID® 300
LAMIGAMID®300isasocalledblockpolymer.Addinglaurinlactam(monomerforcastpolyamide-12)tomeltedcaprolactamresultsinapolyamidewithahigherimpactresistance,especiallyatlowtemperatures,thanLAMIGAMID®310.ThismaterialisthereforeideallysuitedforuseinapplicationswithsuddenstressorshocksituationsanditisalsomoresuitablethanLAMIGAMID® 310foruseattemperaturesbelow0°C.
LAMIGAMID® 400
isasemi-crystalline,amorphic,elastomer-modifiedthermoplasticmaterial.It‘scrystallinityoffershighsta-bility,rigidity,hardnessandabrasionresistancewhiletheamorphicareasandelastomercomponentsprovidehighflexibility,elasticityandmalleability.ThematerialisUV-resistant.
Byvaryingtheelastomercontentthematerialcanbegivenspecificproperties,rangingfromviscous-hardtohighly-elastic.LAMIGAMID® 400isavailableas
LAMIGAMID® 400 B: viscous - hardLAMIGAMID® 400 D: highly viscous, highly elastic
LAMIGAMID®400istheidealengineeringplastic.Becauseitispossibletomodifythematerialspecifically,itcanbeusedfornumerousapplications.
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Outriggerfloatswithoutsidediametersbelow400mmareproducedfromsemifinishedblanks.From400mmupwardstheyarecastinspecialmoulds.Table8showsthestandarddimensions.
Inthecaseoftheseoutriggerfloatsonlythesmallerupperdiameterandthesphericalradiusaresubjectedtomachining.Inadditiontheboresforfasteningtheholdingdevicesaredrilled.
Theboresarethenequippedwithpress-fitsteelinsertnuts.Smalloutriggerfloatsareproducedfromroundbarstockorblanks.Overallmachiningofthesepartsiscar-riedoutonCNC-controlledlathes.
OtherdimensionsanddesignsuptoØ900mmareavailableuponrequest.
Design
LAMIGAMID®outriggerfloatsaredesignedeitherinroundorsquareshape.
Thetopoftheoutriggerfloatisequippedwithscrewedonsteelholdingdevices.Theseholdingdevicesaredesignedaccordingtothesiterequirementsorthecustomer’sspecifications.Uponrequestwesupplytheseoutrigger floats completely assembled and ready to beinstalled.
Calculation
ForLAMIGAMID®outriggerfloats,onlythesurfacepressureactingbetweentheballatthehydrauliccylinderandtheoutriggerfloathastobecalculated.
UnderpermanentloadthesurfacepressurePmaxmaybeapprox.55N/mm2.Thisvaluemaybeexceededforshort-termloads.
Theequationis:
P max =
F
[N/mm2]S2 · ∏
4 F=SupportpressureinN S=Contact-Diameterinmm
Production of LAMIGAMID® Outrigger plates
Design Information
Diameter/mm SupportpressureinkN
Ø 400 600
450 730
Ø500 700
542 970
600 1700
Ø700 970
Table 8: LAMIGAMID®outriggerfloats,standarddesigns
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Whenworkingwithmobilecranes,accesslifts,telehand-lersandmanyotheritemsofconstructionmachinery,itisparticularlyimportanttokeepthefrictionresistancesencounteredduringtelescopingaslowaspossible.Tostopfrictionfromblockingyou,Schwartzprovidespre-miumhigh-techplasticswithoutstandingslidingpropertiesandhighloadratings.Theperfectoutfitfordailyheavy-dutyoperations.
Benefits:
• jerkyless starts• excellent friction- and wear-resistance• high strength• good running • lowest moisture absorption• long maintenance intervals
ThespecialLAMIGAMID®materialsfromSchwartz(seereverse)displaytheirtalentsassoonasthemovementstarts.Thetransitionfromstandstilltoslidingphaseisbarelyperceptible.Thefamiliar“jerk”typicallyfeltwhenatelescopicmovementisinitiateddisappearsalmostcompletely.Thoseofyourcustomerswhohavetocontrolmovementssmoothlyandwithmillimetreprecisionwillespeciallyappreciatethisbenefit.
Wear pads made of LAMIGAMID® NEW
ThespecialLAMIGAMID®materialsfromSchwartz(seereverse)displaytheirtalentsassoonasthemovementstarts.Thetransitionfromstandstilltoslidingphaseisbarelyperceptible.Thefamiliar“jerk”typicallyfeltwhenatelescopicmovementisinitiateddisappearsalmostcompletely.Thoseofyourcustomerswhohavetocontrolmovementssmoothlyandwithmillimetreprecisionwillespeciallyappreciatethisbenefit.
Whileflatwearpadscaneasilybecutoutofablockofmaterial,roundandangularshapesdemandconsiderablymoreexpertiseandengineering.Wecanproducewearpadsinallshapes,exactlyasyouneedthem,nothingisimpossible.Webringyourfrictionperfectlyroundcornersandthroughbends.
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Whileflatwearpadscaneasilybecutoutofablockofmaterial,roundandangularshapesdemandconsiderablymoreexpertiseandengineering.Wecanproducewearpadsinallshapes,exactlyasyouneedthem,nothingisimpossible.Webringyourfrictionperfectlyroundcornersandthroughbends.
Finding perfect solutions
WearlinersandspacersmadeofLAMIGAMID®
materialsareavailableinanydesign(cp.Exhibit6).Theyaremanufacturedfromsheetmaterial.
Exhibit 6:Differentdesignsofwearlinersandspacers
Thesheets‘dimensionsare2000x1000mmor2000x500mmrespectively.Theirthicknessrangesfrom10to100mm.LargerLAMIGAMID®319slidingelementsarecastinmoulds.Machiningiscarriedoutonmodernmachiningequipment.
Production of LAMIGAMID® Wear Pads
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WearlinersandspacerscanbeproducedfromLAMIGAMID®318,319,LAMIGAMID®510orLAMIGAMID®700.
Theselectionofthematerialdependson:
• the surface pressure• the sliding velocity• the environmental conditions
Thematerialsmentionedarecharacterizedbydifferentmechanicalandthermalproperties.ApartFromthat,theirindividualmoistureabsorptionratesdiffer.Werefertoourtable„SyntheticMaterials,technicaldata”.
LAMIGAMID®319M3andM8areonlyavailableinahighlevelorder.Togetfurherinformationpleasecontactus.
LAMIGAMID®materialsarecharacterizedbydifferentloadcapacities.
Materials adm.surfacepressureinN/mm2
permanent short-term
LAMIGAMID®318 55 85
LAMIGAMID®319 65 90
LAMIGAMID®319M3 62 90
LAMIGAMID®319M8 60 90
LAMIGAMID®510 65 90
LAMIGAMID700 12 16
Table 9: Guidevaluesfortheadmissiblestaticsurfacepressuresatnormalroomtemperature
Materials Dynamicfrictioncoefficient
indryrun withoillubrication
LAMIGAMID®318 0,12-0,18 0,04-0,08
LAMIGAMID®319 0,14-0,20 0,04-0,08
LAMIGAMID®319M3 0,12-0,18 0,03-0,08
LAMIGAMID®319M8 0,10-0,16 0.03-0,08
LAMIGAMID®510 0,24-0,28 0,02-0,08
LAMIGAMID®700 -0,29 0,02-0,08
Table 10:Dynamicfrictioncoefficientwithregardtohar-denedsteel2162.Peak-to-vallyheight=2µm,surfacepressure=0,05N/mm2,V=0,6m/s.
Materials NEW
Materials Moistureabsorption
Standardatmosphere
23/50Storageinwater
LAMIGAMID®318 1,0% 4,0%
LAMIGAMID®319 1,0% 4,0%
LAMIGAMID®319M3 1,0% 4,0%
LAMIGAMID®319M8 1,0% 4,0%
LAMIGAMID®510 0,4% 0,6%
LAMIGAMID®700 0 % 0,1%
Table 11
Absorption of Moisture
Coefficient of Dynamic FrictionAdmissible Surface Pressures
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Design Information
Table 12:Max.admissibleloadsasafunctionofsurfacepressureandslidingspeed.Thevaluesshowninthediagramareonlyvalidforcontinuousmovements.Theindicatedadmissiblestaticlimitloadscanbeappliedfordiscontinuousmovements.
Slidingelementsusedintelescopicboomsdonothavetobelubricated.Anapplicationofgreasepriortoinstallationissufficient.Ifpossiblethecountersurfaceshouldbemadeofstainlessmaterial.However,thisisnotunderstoodasanabsoluteprerequisite.Thecountersurfaceshouldconsitofamaterialhavingapeak-to-valueheightofRt5to8.
Design of Shape
Wearlinersandspacersareavailableinanydesign.Theslidingsegmentsaresubjectedtooverallmachining,i.e.theyaredeliveredreadytobeinstalled.
Calculation
Inmostcasestheuseofwearlinersandspacersdoesnotrequireanycalculation.Normallytheoccuringsur-facepressuresandslidingvelocitiesarefarlowerthantheadmissiblevalues.
Staticloadingcanbecalculatedaccordingtotheknownformulae.Fortheadmissibledynamicalloads,pleaserefertothefollowingdiagramm.
Miscellaneous
Headquarter
Schwartz GmbH Hagdornstraße 3D-46509 Xanten
Phone: 02801 76-0Fax : 02801 76 55E-Mail: [email protected]
SalesOfficeUSA
Schwartz Technical Plastics, Inc.2301 Duss Avenue, Suite 24, Ambridge, PA 15003, USA
Phone: +1 724-266-7045Fax : +1 412-202-9999E.Mail: [email protected]
CzechRepublic
Schwartz Technické Plasty CR s.r.o.Petrovická 22, 59231 Nové Mesto na Moravé, Tschechische Republik
Phone: +420 566 618 205Fax: +420 566 618 206E-Mail: [email protected]
China
Schwartz Technical Plastics Co., Ltd.Room 805, Wisdom Garden, No. 380, Xinsong Road, Minhang, District, Shanghai201100, P.R. China
Phone: +86 21 5887 2225Fax: +86 21 5887 2280E-Mail: [email protected]
www.schwartz-plastic.com
Committed to qualityAudited and certified by
DINENISO9001Z.R.-Nr.711007051
VDEhEN29004/ISO9004Z.R.-Nr.W73
Theinformationcontainedinthisleafletisbasedonthecurrentstateofourknowledgeandisintendedsolelytoprovidefurtherdetailsonourproductsandtheirpossibleapplications.Itisnotintendedtoensurethemeaningorspecificfeaturesorpropertiesoftheproductorit‘ssuitabilityforaspecificpurposeorapplication.Anypatentedrightsaretobeobserved.
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