WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING! America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course TASK FORCE LIGHTNING...
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Transcript of WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING! America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course TASK FORCE LIGHTNING...
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
Task Force Lightning
Division Equal Opportunity Leaders Course
(EOLC)Student Note-taker
(print three slides per page)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Administrative Issues &
Course Overview
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
TRAINING PHASES
• Phase I Administrative • Phase II Individual and group behavior • Phase III Aspects of discrimination
• Phase IV EO skills and information
Viewgraph #1-1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
COURSE GROUND-RULES
1. Listen for understanding, not for agreement 2. Treat other students with dignity and respect
3. Sit by someone different every day
4. Silence is agreement
5. Everyone’s opinion is important
6. Don’t interrupt or debate others
Viewgraph # 1-2
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Viewgraph #1-3
COURSE GROUND-RULES(Cont’d)
7. Be on time (morning, breaks, lunch) 8. Table topics
9. Critique sheets; fill them out after each class
10. Speak for yourself, not others
11. Don’t use exclusionary language
12. Participate in the exercises
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
COURSE GROUND-RULES(Cont’d)
Viewgraph #1-4
13. No unit work during the course
14. If tired, stand up and move to the rear of the class
15. May not miss more than three hours
16. Instructors are in charge
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Army Learning
Styles Indicator
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Army LearningStyles Indicator
• Rank:
• Name:
• The one thing I value the most:
• Marital status:
• Children:
• TIS/MOS:
• Associated groups/hobbies:
• Styles indicator:
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #2-1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
The Army’s EO
Program and Policy
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
THE ARMY’S EQUALOPPORTUNITY POLICY
Viewgraph #3-1
• Equal treatment for military personnel and family members without regard to race, color, gender, religion, or national origin
• Provide an environment free from sexual harassment
• Applies on and off post (duty and non-duty hours)
• Applies to Military personnel and family members in a working, living and recreational environment
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
COMMANDER’S RESPONSIBILITY
Commanders at all levels are the EO officers for their commands. All commanders are required to:
• Develop and Implement EO programs for their organizations
• Identify unlawful discriminatory practices, initiate corrective actions, and provide follow-up and feedback throughout problem resolution
• Promote EO and interpersonal harmony
• Conduct EO training on a continuing basis
Viewgraph #3-2
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
COMMANDER’S RESPONSIBILITY (Cont’d)
• Monitor and assess the execution of EO programs and policies
• Ensure involvement of Public Affairs personnel
• Publish and post written command policy statements EO, POSH, and complaint procedures
• Ensure company and battalion level units' EOLs are Appointed and trained
• Conduct unit climate assessment and unit training needs assessment within 90 days of assuming command and Annually thereafter
Viewgraph #3-3
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EQUAL OPPORTUNITYPROGRAM CONCEPT
Viewgraph #3-4
• Formulates, directs, and sustains • Strive to ensure fair treatment of all Soldiers • Responsibility of leadership • Function of command
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EQUAL OPPORTUNITYPRINCIPLES
Viewgraph # 3-5
• Commanders and leaders are responsible for unit EO
• Promote harmony; do not merely avoid disorder
• Support individual and cultural diversity
• Ensure discipline is not compromised
• Provide fair and equal treatment for all Soldiers and family members
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EQUAL OPPORTUNITYPROGRAM ELEMENTS
Viewgraph # 3-6
• Relationships between Soldiers of different rank
• Consideration of others
• Army language policy
• Accommodating religious practices
• Tattoos
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EQUAL OPPORTUNITYPROGRAM COMPONENTS
Viewgraph #3-7
• Leader commitment
• Sequential and progressive training • Effective and responsive complaint system • EO Action Plans (EOAP) • Feedback mechanisms • Equal Opportunity Advisors (EOA)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
The Role of the:
Equal Opportunity Advisor (EOA)
Equal Opportunity Leader (EOL)
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ROLE OF THE EQUALOPPORTUNITY ADVISOR (EOA)
Viewgraph #4-1
• Advisor
• Trainer/educator • Assessor • Change agent
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #4-2
• Understand/ articulate EO policies
• Recognize/ assess discrimination
• Recognize all forms of sexual harassment
• Recommend remedies to discrimination and
sexual harassment
• Assess the command climate
• Collect/ organize/ interpret demographic data
• Assist in development/monitoring of the EOAP
EOA DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #4-3
• Assist in assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating EO program • Prepare Quarterly Narrative and Statistical Report (QNSR)
• Train EOLs
• Assist in evaluating unit training
• Organize/conduct EO/POSH training
• Conduct EO executive seminars
EOA DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
(Cont’d)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #4-4
• Process complaints
• Provide advisory assistance on investigations
• Review EO investigative reports
• Conduct follow- up assistance
• Assist in ethnic observances
EOA DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
(Cont’d)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EOA DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
(Cont’d)
Viewgraph #4-5
• Maintain liaison with community organizations
• Assist in developing EO policy for units
• Conduct Staff Assistance Visits (SAV)
• Prepare QNSR
• Assist in development/monitoring of EOAP
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EOL RESPONSIBILITIES
Viewgraph #4-6
• To assist commanders at the battalion level or equivalent and below in carrying out the EO Program within their units
• EOLs serve a special duty at small unit level
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EOL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Viewgraph #4-7
• Assist in the recognition of detractors from a healthy EO climate
• Assist in the conduct of climate assessments
• Preparing/assisting in conducting EO training
• Establishing/maintaining a liaison with other EOLs & EOA
• Assisting in preparing and conducting ethnic observances and
commemorations
• Referring complainant to appropriate agency for assistance
• Serve as a resource person for EO matters in the unit
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
UNIT LEADERSHIPEO RESPONSIBILITIES
Viewgraph #4-8
• Transmit and instill the value and importance of professional army ethics
• Plan, supervise, and manage day to day activities necessary for unit operations
• Train Soldiers on EO policies and regulations
• Assist Soldiers and their family members in resolving EO issues and sexual harassment
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #4-9
• Teach Soldiers the history of the army, military customs, courtesies, and traditions
• Teach Soldiers about the unit’s mission and develop individual/team training programs
• Administer and monitor NCO professional development programs
UNIT LEADERSHIPEO RESPONSIBILITIES
(Cont’d)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Viewgraph #4-9
• Monitor and evaluate Soldiers’ performance, unit morale and discipline
• Assist the chain of command in identifying and resolving EO issues within the unit
• Provide individual counseling, on the spot corrections, and team training
UNIT LEADERSHIPEO RESPONSIBILITIES
(Cont’d)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
CHAIN OF COMMAND
Viewgraph #4-10
• Unit chain of command- is designed to assist the Commander in achieving primary goals and objectives to accomplish the mission
• NCO support channel- represents a line of communication and supervision from the battalion CSM to the 1SG and then to the other NCOs and enlisted personnel of the unit
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EO MODEL
Viewgraph #4-11
• Leader involvement
• Training
• Assessments
• Staffing
• Complaint processing
• Affirmative actions
• Ethnic and special observances
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
TheSocialization Process
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
SOCIALIZATION
Viewgraph #5-1
Socialization is an all encompassing educational process from which values, goals, beliefs, attitudes, and sex roles are acquired.
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
SOURCES THATIMPACT SOCIALIZATION
Viewgraph #5-2
• Nation
• Region
• Family
• Media
• Community
• Peers / Friends
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
DR. MORRIS MASSEY’SVALUE PROGRAMMING
Viewgraph #5-3
• What we are now, directly relates to when, and where, we were value programmed
• We are programmed with gut values by age 10
• Values will not change unless a Significant Emotional Event occurs (SEE)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
SELF-CONCEPT
Viewgraph #5-4
Self concept is the totality of the individual’s thoughts
and feelings having reference to him or her as an object.
“A snapshot picture.”
(Dr. Morris Rossenburg)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
SOURCES OFSELF-CONCEPT
Viewgraph #5-5
Heritage Needs Fulfillment
Physical Needs Emotional Needs
Sexuality Food Love
Race Water Power
Nationality Shelter Acceptance
Family Status Life Style
Religion
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
MORRIS ROSSENBURG’S THREE IDENTITIES
Viewgraph #5-6
• The extant self
• The desiring self
• The presenting self
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EGODEFENSE MECHANISMS
Viewgraph #5-7
• Denial
• Projection
• Rationalization
• Perceptual (reinterpretation)
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EFFECTS OFSELF-CONCEPT
Viewgraph #5-8
POSITIVE EFFECTS NEGATIVE EFFECTS
Love of self and others Hate self and others
Develop one’s intelligence Blind to one’s potential
Decisive, assertive Indecisive/defensive
Physical abilities Aggressive
Creative Deny physical abilities
Tolerant Exaggerate physical abilities
Open Destructive nature
Trusting Bigoted/prejudiced
Closed/detached
Hidden agendas
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EFFECTS OFPOSITIVE SELF-CONCEPT
A Positive self-concept enhances
• Communication
• Work performance
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #5-9
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
STRATEGIES TO CHANGESELF-CONCEPT
Viewgraph #5-10
• Set goals
• Soul-searching
• Requires motivation to change
• Absence of defensiveness
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
BARRIERS TO CHANGINGSELF-CONCEPT
Viewgraph #5-11
• Cyclical pattern of behavior
• Cognitive barriers
• Environmental pattern
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Values, Attitudes & Behaviors
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
DEFINITIONS
Viewgraph #6-1
• Values are attitudes about worth or importance
of people, concepts, or things
• Value system is a set of values influencing the
behavior of members within a society
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ARMY VALUES
Viewgraph # 6-2
L - Loyalty
D - Duty
R - Respect
S - Selfless-Service
H - Honor
I - Integrity
P - Personal Courage
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ADDITIONAL SOLDIER VALUES
Viewgraph # 6-3
• Candor
• Competence and commitment
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
THE CATEGORIESOF VALUES
Viewgraph #6-4
• Personal
• Social
• Political
• Economic values
• Religious
• Socialization
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
LOUIS RATH’SVALUE CRITERIA
Viewgraph #6-5
A. Choosing freely
B. Choosing from alternatives
C. Choosing after thoughtful consideration
D. Prizing and cherishing
E. Affirming
F. Acted upon
G. Repeated
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ATTITUDE
Viewgraph #6-6
An attitude is a state of mind or feeling with regard
to some matter.
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
CHARACTERISTICS OFAN ATTITUDE
Viewgraph #6-7
• Difficult to measure
• May create inflexibility and stereotypes
• Often indicated by behavior• Formed largely from the continuous process
of socialization
• Positive or negative implications
• Usually are not easily changed
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
BEHAVIOR
Viewgraph #6-8
Behavior is the result of a person’s reaction to a
situation, group or person. Group behavior is an
extension of individual behavior.
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
BETARI BOX MODEL
Viewgraph #6-9
MY ATTITUDE
AFFECTS
MY BEHAVIOR
AFFECTS
YOUR ATTITUDE
AFFECTS
YOUR BEHAVIOR
AFFECTS
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
Viewgraph #6-10
Cognitive Dissonance is a state of internal tension that results
from an inconsistency between any knowledge, belief, opinion,
attitude, or feeling about the environment, oneself or ones
behavior. It is psychologically uncomfortable.
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
WAYS TO REDUCE COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
Viewgraph #6-11
• Avoidance
• Denial
• Change
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
BELIEFS
Viewgraph #6-12
Beliefs are assumptions or convictions you hold as true
about some thing, concept or person.
NORMSNorms are the rules or laws normally based on agreed
upon beliefs and values that members of a group follow
to live in harmony.
DEFINITIONS
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
CATEGORIES OF NORMS
Viewgraph #6-13
• Formal Norms are official standards or laws that govern
behavior
• Informal Norms are unwritten rules or standards that
govern behavior of group members
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
The Communication Process
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
COMMUNICATIONS
Viewgraph #7-1
The successful exchange of information that establishes
an effective two way link between individuals.
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
GUIDELINES FOREFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
Viewgraph #7-2
• Prepare yourself
• Check partner
• Be positive
• Use “I” messages
• Be specific
• Active listening
• Stay focused
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
FACTORS OFINTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATIONS
Viewgraph #7-3
• Self-concept
• Poor self-concept
• Coping with angry feelings
• Admit your emotions
• Self-disclosure
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ELEMENTS OF THECOMMUNICATION PROCESS
Viewgraph #7-4
• Source
• Encode
• Message
• Decode
• Destination
• Feedback
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
STYLES OFCOMMUNICATION
Viewgraph #7-5
• Friendly, sociable or playful • Directive, persuasive, demanding, evaluative, blaming, or praising • Speculative, tentative, uncertain, searching, reflecting, exploring or intellectual • Disclosing, revealing, explicit, responsive, accepting, and aware
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
COMMUNICATIONBARRIERS
Viewgraph #7-6
• Language barriers
• Different communication styles
• Physical barriers
• Perceptual barriers
• Noise
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
CROSS-CULTURALMISUNDERSTANDINGS
Viewgraph #7-7
• Social courtesies
• Flow of information
• Business
• Assertiveness
• Honesty
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
BARRIERS TOCROSS-CULTURAL
MISUNDERSTANDINGS
Viewgraph #7-8
• Symbols
• Signs and gestures
• Clothing and appearance • Accents • Jive and jargon • Lack of trust
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
SIGNS AND GESTURES
Viewgraph #7-9
• Malcolm “X”
• Confederate flag
• Handshakes
• Peace sign
• Political caricatures
• National flags
• Clenched fist
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
CLOTHING AND APPEARANCE
Clothing and Appearance – on special occasions many ethnic groups express pride in their self-concept by wearing clothing that symbolizes their heritage, ethnic or cultural group.
Viewgraph #7-10
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ACCENTS
Viewgraph #7-10
• Americans often react negatively when listening to people with strong foreign accents • Indifferent when someone is struggling with the English language • Can lead to other assumptions and biases
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Effective and Active Listening
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EFFECTIVE ANDACTIVE LISTENING
Viewgraph #8-1
• Effective listening is the listening to the words of the speaker and the meaning of the words • Active listening is a process in which the listener takes active responsibility to understand the content and feeling of what is being said and then checks with the speaker to see if he / she heard what the speaker intended to communicate
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVEAND ACTIVE LISTENING
Viewgraph #8-2
• Content • Feelings • Process • Clarification
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
ACTIVELISTENING SKILLS
Viewgraph #8-3
• Check attitude and atmosphere • Keep the channel open and avoid short circuits • Listening demands responses on the part of the listener • Keep the door open
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
METHODS TOTEST UNDERSTANDING
Viewgraph #8-4
• Parroting • Paraphrasing • Clarifying
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Effective Feedback
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
EFFECTIVEFEEDBACK
Viewgraph #9-1
Verbal or nonverbal communication to a person or
group providing information as to how their behavior
is affecting or influencing you.
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Viewgraph #9-2
JOHARI WINDOW MODEL ARENA
(A)
Things I know
Things you know
BLIND SPOT
(B)
Things I do not know about myself. You know
FACADE
(C)
You do not know. I know
UNKNOWN
(D)
Things you do not know and things I do not know
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #9-3
ARENABLINDSPOT
FACADE
UNKNOWN
KNOWNBY OTHERS
UNKNOWNBY OTHERS
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EFFECTIVE FEEDBACKCHARACTERISTICS
Viewgraph #8-3
• It is specific rather than general • Concerns what is said or done, not why • Focused on behavior • Takes into account the needs of the receiver
• Directed toward behavior
• Solicited rather than imposed
Effective feedback must contain certain characteristics:
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EFFECTIVE FEEDBACKCHARACTERISTICS
(Cont’d)
Viewgraph #8-3
• Involves sharing of information rather than giving advice
• Be timely in giving feedback
• Involves the amount of information the receiver can use
• Check to ensure clear communication
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
REASONS FOR GIVING ANDRECEIVING FEEDBACK
Viewgraph #9-5
• Achieve personal growth • Provider finds out about self • Receiver gains insight • Create an open environment
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
GIVING FEEDBACK GUIDELINES
Viewgraph #9-6
• Is the feedback being given specific?
• Is the feedback being given focused on behavior?
• Does the feedback take into account the needs of the receiver?
• Is the feedback directed towards a behavior which the receiver
can change?
• Is the feedback solicited rather than imposed?
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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GIVING FEEDBACK GUIDELINES (Cont’d)
Viewgraph #9-6
• Is the feedback sharing of information rather than giving
advice?
• Is the feedback well-timed?
• Does the feedback involve the amount of information the
receiver can use?• Does the feedback concern what is said, done or how a
behavior is performed?
• Is the feedback checked to ensure clear communication?
• Is the feedback evaluative rather than judgmental?
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
HOW TO GIVE FEEDBACK
Viewgraph #9-7
• When the other person has indicated a willingness to receive it • Use terms that accurately describe the other’s behavior with the least amount of interpretation
• Be timely
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
HOW TO RECEIVE FEEDBACK
Viewgraph #9-8
• Be non-defensive • Ask for more information • Say that you do not want feedback
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
WHAT TO DO WITHFEEDBACK
Viewgraph #9-9
• Use it
• Think about it
• Forget it
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Conflict Management
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
THE NATURE OF CONFLICT
Viewgraph #10-1
• Conflict is inevitable in any group that is together for any length time • Different people will have different viewpoints, ideas and opinions • Conflict occurs whenever there is no internal harmony within a person, or whenever there is disagreement or a dispute between individuals
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EOLC Version 2.1
Negative Connotations(Associated with Conflict Situations)
Viewgraph #10-2
• Getting angry is a waste of time
• They won’t understand me
• I’m afraid of the consequences
• Confrontation is unprofessional
• They will only counter my argument
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
LEVELS OF CONFLICT
Viewgraph #10-3
• Interpersonal conflict • Intrapersonal conflict
• Intra-group
• Inter-group
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #10-4
SOURCES OF CONFLICT
• Different values and beliefs
• Role pressure or clarification
• Perception differences
• Diverse goals or objectives
• Group status or identity
• Race, ethnicity, or gender differences
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EOLC Version 2.1
SOURCES OF CONFLICT (Cont’d)
Viewgraph #10-5
• Personality clash or conflict
• Competition for limited resources
• Disagreement on how things should be done
• Personal, self, or group interest
• Tension and stress
• Power and influence
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
NEGATIVE FORCESOF CONFLICT
Viewgraph #10-6
• Diverts attention from important issues
• Destroys individual morale or self-concept
• May cause polarization
• Reinforces differences in values
• Produces irresponsible and regrettable
behaviors
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
EOLC Version 2.1
POSITIVE FORCESOF CONFLICT
Viewgraph #10-7
• Stimulates interest
• Forum for discussions
• Increases cohesiveness
• Promotes change
• Provide means to work toward a common goal
• Recognize and benefit from differences
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
METHODS FORMANAGING CONFLICT
Viewgraph #10-8
• Denial or avoidance
• Suppression
• Power or domination
• Third party intervention
• Compromise or negotiation
• Integration or collaboration
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.0
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Perceptions ProcessStereotypes
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
PERCEPTION
Viewgraph #11-1
The procedures by which we try and interpret
information about the environment that surrounds us.
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EOLC Version 2.1
THE PERCEPTIONPROCESS
Viewgraph #11-2
• Feedback about ourselves and others • Not always based on reality • We behave as though our perceptions are real
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EOLC Version 2.1
FEATURE FILMS ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINEDWITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS
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EOLC Version 2.1
ATTRIBUTES OF PERCEPTION
Viewgraph #11-3
• Raw data is the information that we experience • Cognitive process (mental) is unseen but affected by things as individual perceptions • End Product is our sensing or interpretation of our experience
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EOLC Version 2.1
PERCEPTUAL SHORTCUTS
Viewgraph #11-4
• First impression • Self-fulfilling prophecy
• Projection • Blaming the victim • Halo effect
Perceptual Shortcuts is the minds ability to take in new information, combine it with old information and formulate new ideas through quick deduction. Examples are:
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EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #11-5
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EOLC Version 2.1
STEREOTYPES
Viewgraph #11-6
An exaggerated belief associated with a
category of people.
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EOLC Version 2.1
CHARACTERISTICS OF STEREOTYPES
Viewgraph #11-7
• Fixed, rigid ideas • Associated with a group or category of people • Not supported by evidence • Can be favorable or unfavorable • Driven by motive
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EOLC Version 2.1
SOURCES OFSTEREOTYPES
Viewgraph #11-8
• Socialization process • Books • Mass media • Educators and public officials
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EOLC Version 2.1
STRATEGIES TO CORRECT INACCURATE PERCEPTIONS
Viewgraph #11-9
• Acceptance of differences in people
• Active listening
• Provide feedback
• Take ownership for your feelings and behaviors
• Receive feedback
• Use inclusionary language
• Avoid stereotypes
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Concepts of Culture
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
CULTURE
Viewgraph #12-1
The learned, shared, and perceptual behaviors of
a group which have been transmitted from
generation to generation through a shared symbol
system.
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EOLC Version 2.1
SUBCULTURE
Viewgraph #12-2
A group of people within a larger social structure
who share cultural and linguistic characteristics,
which are different enough to distinguish it from
others within the same society.
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EOLC Version 2.1
ENCULTURATION
Viewgraph #12-3
The passing of a culture's socially acceptable
behaviors and attitudes from the older members of a
group to the younger members.
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EOLC Version 2.1
ATTRIBUTES OF CULTURE
Viewgraph #12-4
• Language /symbols
• Values
• Beliefs
• Patterns of thinking
• Customary behaviors
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EOLC Version 2.1
NON-ATTRIBUTES OF CULTURE
Viewgraph #12-5
• Race
• Genetics
• Ethnicity
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EOLC Version 2.1
IMPLICATIONS OFCROSS-CULTURE INTERACTIONS
Viewgraph #12-6
• Language differences
• Being blunt
• Testing
• Customs, observances, and necessities
• Supervisors/subordinate relations
• Military justice
• Social and support groupings
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EOLC Version 2.1
PITFALLS OFCROSS-CULTURE INTERACTIONS
Viewgraph #12-7
• Stereotyping
• Assumptions
• Differences
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Questions
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DISCRIMINATION AND
POWER
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EOLC Version 2.1
CONCEPTS OFEO/EEO VIOLATIONS
Viewgraph #13-1
• Prejudice
• Racism
• Sexism
• Discrimination
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PREJUDICE
Viewgraph #13-2
Prejudice is defined as a negative attitude or feeling toward certain groups based upon faulty and inflexible generalizations.
Three components of prejudice:
• Thinking component
• Emotional component
• Acting out prejudice
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EOLC Version 2.1
ACTING OUT PREJUDICE
Viewgraph #13-3
• Disparaging terms
• Avoidance
• Discrimination
• Physical attacks
• Extermination or genocide
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EOLC Version 2.1
RACISM
Viewgraph #13-4
Racism is defined as any attitude or action by an
individual, group or institution subordinate to
another person or group because of skin color or
other physical traits associated with a particular
group.
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EOLC Version 2.1
SEXISM
Viewgraph #13-5
Sexism is defined as an attitude, behavior or
conditioning that fosters stereotypes of social
roles based on sex or gender.
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DISCRIMINATION
Viewgraph #13-6
Webster’s dictionary:
Discrimination is defined as the act or ability to discriminate or make a difference or clear distinction.
EO / EEO perspective definition:
Action or practices carried out by members of dominate groups - or their representatives - which have a differential and harmful impact on members of subordinate groups.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF DISCRIMINATION
Viewgraph #13-7
• Overt or hidden • Direct or indirect • Intentional or unintentional
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EOLC Version 2.1
TYPES OF POWER
Viewgraph #13-8
• Formal power
• Informal power
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EOLC Version 2.1
SIX BASES OF POWER
Viewgraph #13-9
• Legitimate power
• Reward power
• Coercive power
• Expert power
• Referent power
• Associative power
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EOLC Version 2.1
MISUSE/ABUSE OF POWER
Viewgraph #13-10
• Weakness
• Expanding
• Information
• Mannerisms
• Defense
• Giving
• Promotion
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EOLC Version 2.1
RELATED CAUSES OFDISCRIMINATORY
BEHAVIOR
Viewgraph #13-11
• Group size
• Social distance
• Competition
• Power threat
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DISCRIMINATION AND POWER
Viewgraph #12-6
• Discrimination is any action that unlawfully or unjustly results in unequal treatment based on race, color, gender, national origin or religion
• Power is the possession of control, authority, or influence over others
• Power + Prejudice + Action = Discrimination
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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System Victim Focus
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
VICTIM FOCUS
Viewgraph #14-1
• Reactive problem-solving • Sees victim as the cause • Focuses on ‘fixing’ the victim • Narrow approach to solving
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EOLC Version 2.1
STEPS IN THE PROCESSOF BLAMING THE VICTIM
Viewgraph #14-2
• Identify a social problem • Study those affected and how they are different • Define the differences as the cause
• Assign someone to correct the differences
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EOLC Version 2.1
SOCIAL FACTORS THAT PROMOTE VICTIM FOCUS
Viewgraph #14-3
• Unequal status • Distortions of reality • Acceptance of victimization
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EOLC Version 2.1
SYSTEM FOCUS APPROACH
Viewgraph #14-4
• Proactive problem solving • System, organization, society, or community could be part of the problem • Evaluates how system can be improved to prevent future problems
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EOLC Version 2.1
WHY IS SYSTEM FOCUS NOT COMMONLY USED?
Viewgraph #14-5
• Not a quick fix
• Victim desires conformity
• Self-perpetuating process
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EOLC Version 2.1
METHODS TO PREVENT VICTIM FOCUS
Viewgraph #14-6
• Dialogue • Assessment and feedback
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Racism & Sexism
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #15-1
RACISM AND SEXISM
• An attitude, belief, behavior or institutional arrangement that favors one race or ethnic group
• A prejudice or discrimination based on gender (sex), when stereotyping of social roles are based on sex-role socialization (s)
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EOLC Version 2.1
FACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT OF RACISM AND SEXISM
Viewgraph #15-2
• Contact
• Unequal power
• Ethnocentrism
• Social visibility
• Competition
• Stereotypes
• Sex-role socialization
• Mass media
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EOLC Version 2.1
PERSONAL RACISTAND SEXIST BEHAVIORS
Viewgraph #15-3
• Paternalism• Ignoring• Speaking for• Testimonials• Ethnic, racists, sexists jokes • Frequent interruptions• Stereotypical language• Titles and ranks• Denying opportunities• Dubious supervision
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EOLC Version 2.1
FACTORS THAT SUPPORT RACISM AND SEXISM
Viewgraph #15-4
• Reference groups • Conformity to norms • Self-fulfilling prophecy • Pro-sexism /racism
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EOLC Version 2.1
SOCIAL PROBLEMS CREATED BY RACISM AND SEXISM
Viewgraph #15-5
• Ineffective use of abilities
• Adverse impact on national income
• Deviant behavior acted out
• Inner-group tensions in community
• Adverse impact on U.S. in world affairs
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EOLC Version 2.1
STRATEGIES FOR COMBATING RACISM AND SEXISM
Viewgraph #15-6
• Awareness• Education• Legislation• Participation• Self-analyze• Acknowledge and understand differences• Commander’s responsibility
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
ReligiousAccommodations
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
ARMY POLICY ONRELIGIOUS ACCOMMODATION
Viewgraph #16-1
It is the Army’s policy to approve requests for
accommodation of religious practices unless
accommodations have an adverse impact on
readiness, unit cohesion, morale, discipline, safety
and/or health.
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EOLC Version 2.1
RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION
Viewgraph #16-2
Any action, intended or unintended, that
unlawfully or unjustly results in unequal treatment
of a person or groups based on religion and for
which distinctions are not supported by legal or
rational considerations.
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EOLC Version 2.1
ELEMENTS OFRELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION
Viewgraph #16-3
• Discounting beliefs of others• Religious jokes/slurs• Compulsory services• Exclusionary prayer• Stereotyping people by their religion• Non-association due to religion• Failure to provide an alternative service• Lack of concern
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EOLC Version 2.1
RELIGIOUS PRACTICES THATCONFLICT WITH
MILITARY DUTIES
Viewgraph #16-4
• Worship practices
• Dietary practices
• Medical practices
• Wear and appearance of the uniform
• Personal grooming
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EOLC Version 2.1
COMMANDER’SREQUIREMENTS
Viewgraph #16-5
• The importance the Army places on religious beliefs
• Request is sincere and religion based
• If the accommodation will have an adverse impact on
military readiness
• Importance of the accommodation of the individual
• Impact of similar requests
• Alternatives
• Previous treatment of similar requests
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Prevention of
Sexual Harassment
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
DEFINITION OFSEXUAL HARASSMENT
Viewgraph #17-1
A form of gender discrimination that involves un-welcomed sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when:
• A person’s job, pay, or career is placed at risk• An employee’s employment or career is placed in
jeopardy • It creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work
environment
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EOLC Version 2.1
QUID PRO QUO
Viewgraph #17-2
• QUID PRO QUO is a Latin term meaning, “this for that” • Conditions placed upon a person’s career or terms of employment in return for sexual favors • Promises of career advancement, promotions, and other benefits, should the victim give-in to the sexual advances
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EOLC Version 2.1
HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT
Viewgraph #17-3
A Hostile environment occurs when Soldiers or family members are subjected to offensive, unwanted and unsolicited comments, or behaviors of a sexual nature.
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EOLC Version 2.1
RELATED ELEMENTS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT
Viewgraph #17-4
• Impact vs. Intent
• Reasonable person standard
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EOLC Version 2.1
SEXUAL HARASSMENT BEHAVIORS
Viewgraph #17-5
• Verbal comments
• Nonverbal gestures
• Physical contact
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EOLC Version 2.1
SEXUAL HARASSMENT CHECKLIST
Viewgraph #17-6
• Is the behavior sexual in nature? • Is the behavior un-welcomed? • Does the behavior create a hostile or offensive environment? • Have sexual favors been demanded, requested, or suggested?
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EOLC Version 2.1
VICTIM IMPACT
Viewgraph #17-7
• Interferes with work performance
• Creates a hostile environment
• Stress
• Fear and anxiety (quid pro quo)
• Less productive
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EOLC Version 2.1
TECHNIQUES TO DEALWITH SEXUAL HARASSMENT
Viewgraph #17-8
• Direct approach
• Indirect approach
• Third party
• Chain of command
• File a formal complaint
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EOLC Version 2.1
REPERCUSSIONS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT
Viewgraph #17-9
• Administrative actions• Mandatory counseling• Additional training• Denial of certain privileges• Rehabilitative transfer• Letter of admonishment or reprimand• Relief for cause (OER/ NCOER)• Adverse performance evaluation• Bar to reenlistment• Separation
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EOLC Version 2.1
STRATEGIES FORCOMBATING
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
Viewgraph #17-10
• Be proactive• Keep Soldiers and family members informed
and educated
• Conduct training
• Outline procedures and policies
• Be familiar with regulations and policies
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TASK FORCE LIGHTNING
Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Extremism and Extremist Organizations
EOLC Version 2.1
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• Command climate suffers
• Polarization of groups
• Undermines confidence
• Productivity is hampered and accomplishment of
the mission can be seriously affected
• Unnecessary efforts are required to recover from
neglected situations
EOLC Version 2.1
UNIT IMPACT
Viewgraph #18-1
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It is the policy of the U.S. Army to provide equal opportunity and treatment for all Soldiers without regard to race, color, religion, gender, or national origin. (See student note taker page SG-79).
EOLC Version 2.1
ARMY POLICY
Viewgraph #18-2
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Soldiers are prohibited from the following actions in support of Extremist organizations or activities:
• Participating in a public demonstration or rally
• Attending a meeting or activity with knowledge that the meeting or activity involves an extremist cause
• Fund raising activities
• Recruiting or training members
• Creating, organizing, or taking a visible leadership role
• Distributing literature on or off a military installation
EOLC Version 2.1
PROHIBITIONS
Viewgraph #18-3
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EOLC Version 2.1
TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Viewgraph #18-4
• Supremacist
• Extremist
• Extremist organizations
• Ideology
• Militia
• Gangs
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• Lure prospects
• Recognize hate symbols & paraphernalia
• Military affiliation (knowledge)
EOLC Version 2.1
RECRUITMENT & AFFILIATION
Viewgraph #18-5
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EOLC Version 2.1
EXTREMIST GROUPSAND ORGANIZATIONS
Viewgraph #18-6
• Christian identity movement (creationism)
• White supremacy ideology
• Patriotism - survival ideology
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MILITIAS
The militia movement is very fluid. New groups form and
others disappear so frequently it is difficult, if not impossible to track which groups are active at any given moment. The character of these groups also may change rapidly as different factions, some extreme with neo-Nazi ties and other moderates, with law abiding goals vie for control. In some cases, there are support groups that do not engage in military training or typically have rank structures, but instead provide information and materials to militias.
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #18-7
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TATTOOS
Tattoos are frequently associated with racist and/or gang activities.
Skinheads frequently use tattoos and symbols of lightning bolts, skulls,
Nazi swastikas, eagles, and Nordic warriors. Skinhead graphics also
feature barbed wire, hobnailed boots, and hammers in their symbolism.
This information being provided is general in nature and is provided as
a guide only to assist EOLs, EOAs, leaders, and commanders. No
immediate assumptions should be made when strange or suspicious
tattoos are observed. However, they may be considered a warning
signal something might be worth checking into further.
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #18-8
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TATTOOS (Cont’d)
When in doubt, you can go to http://www.adl.org click on Extremism, then click on Extremism in America, then go to the far right column and click on Hate Symbols. If you identify a recognizable tattoo consult with your Staff Judge Advocate for clarification and guidance.
Viewgraph #18-8
Detailed information on hate tattoos can be found at the link Detailed information on hate tattoos can be found at the link below:below:
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COMMAND AUTHORITY
Commanders have the authority to prohibit military personnel from engaging in or participating in any other activities the commander determines will adversely affect good order and discipline or morale within the command. This includes, but is not limited to, the authority to order the removal of symbols, flags, posters, or other displays from barracks, to place areas or activities off-limits (see AR 190-18), or to order Soldiers not to participate in those activities that are contrary to good order and discipline or morale of the unit or pose a threat to health, safety, and security or military installation.
EOLC Version 2.1Viewgraph #18-10
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EOLC Version 2.1
COMMAND OPTIONS
Viewgraph #18-11
• UCMJ actionsUCMJ actions
• Involuntary separationInvoluntary separation
• ReclassificationReclassification
• Administrative actionAdministrative action
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COMMANDER’S RESPONSIBILITIES
Viewgraph #18-11
• Ensure Soldiers understand the definition of extremismEnsure Soldiers understand the definition of extremism
and extremist groupsand extremist groups
• Enforce policies on participation and prohibitionsEnforce policies on participation and prohibitions
• Be alert for indicators of extremist ties or behaviorsBe alert for indicators of extremist ties or behaviors
• Educate and counsel service members on compliance Educate and counsel service members on compliance
with policywith policy
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Climate Assessments
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
PURPOSE OFCOMMAND CLIMATES
Viewgraph #19-1
To provide the leadership a “picture” of a unit as
it is perceived by members of the organization as
it relates to race, gender, color, religion, national
origin, and sexual harassment.
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EOLC Version 2.1
KEY ELEMENTS
Viewgraph #19-2
• Desired outcome
• Scope and sequence of events
• Resources and time
• Action planning and intervention strategies
• Condition under which the assessment is conducted
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EOLC Version 2.1
KEY ELEMENTS (Cont’d)
Viewgraph #19-3
CONDITIONS THAT REQUIRE AN ASSESSMENT:
• AR 600-20 requires commanders to conduct a unit climate
assessments within 90 days of assuming command (180 days for
Reserve Components) and annually thereafter • Command Directed
• Driven by Events • Staff Assistance Visit • Monitoring Equal Opportunity Action Plan
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EOLC Version 2.1
ASSESSMENT TOOLS
Viewgraph #19-4
Tools to assess unit climate:
• DEOCS: defense equal opportunity management institute organizational climate survey must have a minimum of 16 assigned personnel to conduct the DEOCS)
• Command climate survey • Supplement any survey efforts with individual and group interviews, the analysis of unit records and statistical information (awards, promotions, reenlistment, incidents of misconduct resulting in punishment under UCMJ and with complaint reports)
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EOLC Version 2.1
COMMON CONDITIONS WHICH INDICATE
UNHEALTHY EO CLIMATES
Viewgraph #19-5
• Perceptions by Soldiers the EO complaint process is not working
or supported by the chain of command
• Sexual or racial jokes are prevalent
• Increase in the number of EO complaints
• Polarization of groups
• Use of abusive words and display of offensive symbols
• Low morale• Discriminatory practices in surrounding civilian communities
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COMMON CONDITIONS WHICH INDICATE
UNHEALTHY EO CLIMATES (Cont’d)
Viewgraph #19-5
• Poor personal appearance by Soldiers• Poor military courtesy by Soldiers• Increased number of AWOLs• Claims of unfairness in promotions• “Cutting in” at dining facilities with the aid of members of one’s own group• Increase in incidents of thefts, robberies, and assaults• Frequent fights• Increase in the volume and nature of rumors• Unwillingness to communicate between superior and subordinates• Increase in requests for transfer
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EOLC Version 2.1
PRINCIPLES
Viewgraph #19-6
• Be capable and competent
• Act on problems
• Don’t only focus on what is perceived as wrong
• Treat perception as having real consequences
• Treat all EO problems with the same degree of
sensitivity and sincerity
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EOLC Version 2.1
PRINCIPLES (Cont’d)
Viewgraph #19-7
• Know the impact of what is said, seen, or done• Be open minded and accessible • Not all complaints can be substantiated• Be aware of the unit environment • Follow-up on allegations of discrimination• Seek assistance from the EOA
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Complaint Procedures
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
TYPES OF COMPLAINTS
Viewgraph #20-1
• Informal Complaint is any complaint not submitted in writing on DA FORM 7279 • Formal Complaint is any complaint submitted in writing using DA Form 7279 (EO Complaint Form)
• Soldiers who wish to file a formal complaint have 60 calendar days from the date of the alleged offense
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EOLC Version 2.1
ALTERNATE AGENCIES
Viewgraph #20-2
• A higher echelon commander• Chaplain (CH)• Staff Judge Advocates (SJA)• Provost Marshal (PM)• Inspector General (IG)• Community Home Finding Referral and
Relocation Services Office (CHRRSO)• Medical agency personnel
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EOLC Version 2.1
COMMANDER/ALTERNATE AGENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Viewgraph #20-3
• Ensure information is complete
• Ensure individual is sworn to the complaint
• Clarify basis of complaint
• Identify additional information
• Inform complainant of what happens next
• Acknowledge receipt
• Initiate inquiry/investigation (within 14 calendar days)
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COMMANDER/ALTERNATE AGENCY RESPONSIBILITY
(Cont’d)
Viewgraph #20-3
• Refer to appropriate agency/commander
(Within 3 calendar days)
• Provide written feedback within 14 calendar days (or
three weekend drill periods for RC)
• If inquiry/investigation cannot be completed within 14
calendar days an extension of 30 calendar days or 2
weekend drill periods may be approved
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EOLC Version 2.1
ELEMENTS OFINQUIRY/INVESTIGATION
Viewgraph #20-4
• Clarify nature of complaint
• Interview as appropriate
• Gather information
• Consult advisors
• Assess information
• Render decision on findings
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EOLC Version 2.1
APPEALS PROCESS
Viewgraph #20-5
• Complainant may submit appeal in writing on DA form
7279, part iv within 7 calendar days if they perceive the
investigation failed to reveal all relevant facts or if
actions taken by the command on his/her behalf were
insufficient to resolve the complaint
• Complainant may not appeal actions taken against the
perpetrator, if any is taken subject (s) may appeal if they
perceive the investigation has failed to reveal all
relevant facts to prove their innocence
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EOLC Version 2.1
APPEALS PROCESS (Cont’d)
Viewgraph #20-6
• Submit appeals to investigating commander and he/she has 3 days to refer to the next higher commander in the COC
• Final decision authority - first general courts martial convening authority in chain of command
• No further appeal available within EO complaint system
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EOLC Version 2.1
REPRISAL
Viewgraph #20-7
Taking or threatening to impose an unfavorable
personnel action or withholding or threatening to
withhold a favorable personnel action, or any other act
or any other act of retaliation, against a military member
for making or preparing a protected communication.
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EOLC Version 2.1
FORMS OF REPRISAL
Viewgraph #20-8
• Threatening • Intimidation • Harassment
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EOLC Version 2.1
PROTECTEDCOMMUNICATION
Viewgraph #20-9
• Violation of law or regulation
• Severe case of mismanagement
• Fraud or a gross waste of public funds
• An abuse of authority or position
• Substantial danger to public safety
• Cooperated with or otherwise assisted in an
audit, inspection, or investigation
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EOLC Version 2.1
MILITARYWHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
LAW
Viewgraph #20-10
• Restricting a military member from communicating with members of congress, DOD officials or other law enforcement agencies • Taking or threatening to impose an unfavorable personnel action, withholding or threatening to withhold a favorable personnel action, as reprisal for making or Preparing a lawful communication
Prohibits:
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EOLC Version 2.1
REPORTING INCIDENTS OF REPRISAL
Viewgraph #20-11
• Made a protected disclosure
• Unfavorable action or threatened to be taken
• Official or other person knew of disclosure or
complaint
• Disclosure caused action taken
• Evidence that disclosure caused reprisal * Not required in order to report
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Ethnic Observances
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
PURPOSE
Viewgraph #21-1
Special/ethnic observances are designed to
develop an awareness of the various cultures that
contribute to the American culture.
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EOLC Version 2.1
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS TO A SUCCESSFUL SPECIAL/ETHNIC OBSERVANCE
Viewgraph #21-2
• Leadership
• Planning
• Funding
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Equal OpportunityAction Plan
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY AFFIRMATIVE ACTIONS
Viewgraph #22-1
• Executive Order 10925 (1961)
• Civil Rights Act (1964)
• Executive Order 11246 (1965)
• DOD Human Goals Program (1969)
• DOD Directive 1100.15 (1976)
• DOD Directive 1350.2 (1987)
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EOLC Version 2.1
KEY TERMSASSOCIATED WITH MILITARY
AFFIRMATIVE ACTIONS
Viewgraph #22-2
• Disparate treatment
• Disparate effect
• Reverse discrimination
• Goal
• Quota
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Small Group Facilitation
EOLC Version 2.1
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ROLE OF THESMALL-GROUP LEADER
Viewgraph #23-1
• Preparation
• Introduction
• Activity
• Publish and process
• Generalization• Subject matter expert• Observer• Facilitator of group process
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EOLC Version 2.1
DYSFUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOR
Viewgraph #23-3
• The rescuer
• The projector
• The passive aggressor
• The apologizer
• The fighter
• The flighter
• The questioner
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EOLC Version 2.1
DYSFUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOR
(Cont’d)
Viewgraph #23-4
• The withdrawer
• The monopolizer
• The know-it-all
• The complainer
• The distracter
• The Pollyanna
• The intellectualizer
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GENERAL ROLES OF THE SGL
Viewgraph #23-5
• The facilitator
• Keep group moving
• Not part of the discussion
• Project enthusiasm
• Address dysfunctional behavior
• Listen
• Absent of personal bias
• Open-ended questions
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Women in the Military
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
HISTORICALCONTRIBUTIONS
Viewgraph #24-1
• Revolutionary War
• Civil War
• World War I
• World War II
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EOLC Version 2.1
LAWS, POLICIES AND CONTRIBUTIONS
Viewgraph #24-2
• WASIA
• DACOWITS
• Vietnam
• Post Vietnam
• Contemporary Issues
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Native-AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
NATIVE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Viewgraph #25-1
• Definition
• Origins of Native Americans
• Beliefs and values
• Religion
• Population trends of Native-Americans
• Concepts of treaties
• Legal status of Native-Americans
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EOLC Version 2.1
HISTORICAL EVENTS WHICH IMPACTED THE
NATIVE AMERICANSAND THEIR POPULATION
Viewgraph #25-2
• Beliefs and values
• Religion
• Role of the family
• Cultural values, attitudes and behaviors
• Treaties
• Legislation
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EOLC Version 2.1
CONTRIBUTIONS
Viewgraph #25-3
• Contemporary issues
• Key Native-Americans organizations
• Native-American participation in the in the armed forces
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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White – AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
DEFINITIONS
Viewgraph #26-1
• White-American
• Anglo-Saxon and White
• Anglo-Saxon protestant
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EOLC Version 2.1
IMMIGRANTS
Viewgraph #26-2
• British-Americans
• Canadian-Americans
• French-Americans
• Dutch-Americans
• German-Americans
• Irish-Americans
• Italian-Americans
• Polish-Americans
• Middle Eastern-Americans
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EOLC Version 2.1
COLONIAL AMERICA
Viewgraph #26-3
• Foundation: English / England
• Puritans and pilgrims
• Influences
• Divergence from the homeland
• Puritanism
• Non-English groups
• Non-protestant groups
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EOLC Version 2.1
EUROPEAN AMERICAN COMMON EXPERIENCE / DISPLACEMENT
Viewgraph #26-4
• Immigrant experience
• Reason for immigrating
• The voyage
• America’s conscience and servitude
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EOLC Version 2.1
REDEMPTIONERS
Viewgraph #26-5
• Convict labor
• The dilemma
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EOLC Version 2.1
IMMIGRATION
Viewgraph #26-6
• Immigration waves
• Immigration acts and laws
• Assimilation
• Contemporary America
• Current status of White-Americans
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Arab – AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
ARAB-AMERICANS
Viewgraph #27-1
• Define Arab-American
• Arab-American demographics
• Arab-American immigration
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EOLC Version 2.1
ARAB-AMERICAN FAMILY STRUCTURE AND CUSTOMS
Viewgraph #27-2
• Family structure
• Conservative behavior
• Admiring objects and gifts giving
• Women’s clothing
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EOLC Version 2.1
ISLAM AND MUSLIMS
Viewgraph #27-3
• What is Islam?
• Who are Muslims?
• What is the Koran?
• Five pillars of Muslim
• What do Muslims think about Jesus?
• Muslims women
• Marriage
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EOLC Version 2.1
CONTEMPORARYARAB-AMERICAN ISSUES
Viewgraph #27-4
• Arab-Israeli conflict
• American role in the Middle East
• Kuwait
• Discrimination in the United States
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Hispanic-AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
HISPANIC-AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Viewgraph #28-1
• Definition
• Major groups
• Historical experiences of Hispanic-American groups
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EOLC Version 2.1
BASIC CULTURE CONCEPTS
Viewgraph #28-2
• Hispanic profile
• Anti-Hispanic sentiment and discrimination
• The Hispanic agenda
• Social characteristics
• Historic considerations
• Hispanic in the military
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EOLC Version 2.1
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF HISPANICASSOCIATIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS
Viewgraph #28-3
• Education
• Business and labor
• Politics and government
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Black-AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
AFRICAN-AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Viewgraph #29-1
• Definition
• Nations of Africa
• African society
• Slave trade period
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EOLC Version 2.1
SLAVE CULTURE
Viewgraph #29-2
• Role of the slave family
• Music
• Language
• Religion
• Development of the Black church in America
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EOLC Version 2.1
SLAVERY AND THEECONOMY
Viewgraph #29-3
• Early laws during slavery and their impact on
Black Americans
• Emancipation proclamation
• Reconstruction (1870-1877)
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EOLC Version 2.1
AFRICAN-AMERICAN CULTURE
Viewgraph #29-4
• Source for Black culture
• African-American family
• Customs and traditions
• Dynamics of African-American culture
• Religion
• Laws and African-American, 1877 to present
• Civil rights movement
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EOLC Version 2.1
AFRICAN-AMERICAN CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Viewgraph #29-5
• Education
• Employment
• Political power
• Black on Black crime
• EO impact in the military
• EO in the military
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EOLC Version 2.1
MILITARY PARTICIPATION
Viewgraph #29-6
• Colonial period• Revolutionary War• Post-revolutionary War• Civil War• Indian campaigns• Spanish-American war• World War I• World War II• Post world War II• Korean War• The Vietnam era to present
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
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Asian-AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
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EOLC Version 2.1
ASIAN-AMERICAN
Viewgraph #30-1
• Define Asian-Americans
• Origin of the Asian-American
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EOLC Version 2.1
ORIGIN OF THEASIAN-AMERICAN
Viewgraph #30-2
• Chinese (1840s - 1882)
• Japanese (1860 - 1907)
• Filipino (1899 - 1934)
• Korean (1901 - 1907)
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EOLC Version 2.1
LEGISLATION AFFECTING ASIAN-AMERICAN
Viewgraph #30-3
• Foreign Miner’s Act
• Naturalization Act
• Chinese exclusion Act
• Gentlemen’s Agreement
• Cable Act
• Alien Land Act
• Exclusionary Immigration Act
• Tiddings-Mcduffie Act
• World wars I and II
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
WORLD WAR II
Viewgraph #30-4
• Executive Order 9066
• Repeal Chinese Exclusion Act
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
STEREOTYPES
Viewgraph #30-5
• Myths
• Facts
• Reality
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EOLC Version 2.1
CHINESESOCIAL STRUCTURE
Viewgraph #30-6
• Individual
• Family
• Clan
• Respect for age
• Strong male tradition
• Filial piety
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
JAPANESESOCIAL STRUCTURE
Viewgraph #30-7
• Patriarchal
• Filial piety
• Male oriented
• Family above individual
• Concept of “House”
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EOLC Version 2.1
KOREAN SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Viewgraph #30-8
• Social class stratification
• Filial piety
• Male dominance
• Concept of “Chip”
• Strong respect for elders and educated
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
FILIPINO SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Viewgraph #30-9
• Affected by outside influences
• Less formal family relationships
• Extended family
• Male-female relationship exists
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EOLC Version 2.1
CHINESE LANGUAGE
Viewgraph #30-10
• Oldest and most widespread on earth
• Spoken language is monosyllabic
• Gesture and tone important
• Over 1000 dialects
• One written language
• Ideographs for words
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
JAPANESE LANGUAGE
Viewgraph #30-11
• Written language borrowed from China
• Polysyllabic and mutually intelligible
• Express ideas versus words
• Kanji, Hirigana, Katakana written language
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
KOREAN LANGUAGE
Viewgraph #30-12
• Written with Chinese characters
• Grammar similar to Japanese
• Different levels of speech
• Dialects mutually intelligible
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
FILIPINO LANGUAGE
Viewgraph #30-13
• 300 Different languages
• Tagalog national language
• No sounds for F,V,W,Z
• Different dialects
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EOLC Version 2.1
CHINESE RELIGION
Viewgraph #30-14
• Non-Christian
• Confucianism
• Taoism
• Buddhism
• Chinese Christianity
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
JAPANESE RELIGION
Viewgraph #30-15
• Buddhism
• Shinto
• Japanese Christianity
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
KOREAN RELIGION
Viewgraph #30-16
• Taoism
• Buddhism
• Confucianism
• Korean Christianity
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
FILIPINO RELIGION
Viewgraph #30-17
• Ch’ondo-Gyo
• Catholic
• Islam
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
Viewgraph #30-18
• Chinese concept of “Face” and visibility
• Japanese generations change
• Korean concept of “Kibun”
• Filipino loyalty
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
VALUES AND ATTITUDESAFFECTING
ASIAN-AMERICANS
Viewgraph #30-19
• Education
• Economic issues
• U.S. Military
• Current problems and issues
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
CURRENT PROBLEMSAND ISSUES
Viewgraph #30-20
• Family
• Overcoming stereotypes
• Backlash due to new immigrants
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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Jewish – AmericanExperience
EOLC Version 2.1
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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EOLC Version 2.1
JEWISH-AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Viewgraph #31-1
• Historical perspective
• Concept of Judaism
• Early Jewish history
• Legislation
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EOLC Version 2.1
JEWISHIDENTITY/JUDAISM
Viewgraph #31-2
• The Orthodox
• The reform Judaism
• Conservative Judaism
• Extreme Jewish movements
• Judaism: Its Values and Ethics
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EOLC Version 2.1
JEWISH CULTURE
Viewgraph #31-3
• Anti-Semitism
• Current relationships
• Contemporary issues
WE STRIKE LIKE TROPIC LIGHTNING!America’s Pacific Division EO Leader Course
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Questions
EOLC Version 2.1