WDM-based Hybrid PON - HSNold.hsn.or.kr/workshop/hsn2006/document/2.23.Thu/6-1.pdf ·...

ETRI/BcN/광통신센터 1

차세대 서비스를 위한광대역 액세스망 기술

2006. 2. 23

광통신연구센터ETRI


Outlines

1. NGN Services and Requirements

2. Broadband Access Technologies- xDSL/HFC- Optical Fiber

3. FTTx Technologies- AON/TDM-PON

- WDM-PON/WE-PON

- Comparisons of access technologies

- Convergent Access with Hybrid-PON

4. Concluding Remarks


NGN Services and Requirements


Wind of changes

□ Change in the market

전화/인터넷 서비스 시장의 포화

새로운 시장 개척의 필요성 (통방, 유무선 번들 서비스)

시장 경쟁 가속화-전화, TV, 위성 사업자

□ Change in user’s life style

PC 사용의 생활화 멀티미디어 서비스에 친숙

인터넷의 확산 네트워크에 친숙

- 홈페이지, E-mail, 정보검색, 네트워크 게임 등의 활성화

□ Change in demands

Always on, always available information on-demand

빠른 데이터 액세스 요구

Data, Voice 및 Video의 통합


NGN services

Unified interface for contents in all formatsTerrestrial broadcast, Satellite broadcast, Pay-TV/Pay-per-View

Video-on-Demand offerIP TV

High Qualiy VoD licensing agreements from major film studios

20th Century Fox, Universal Studios, DreamWorks

VideoTelephony on TV

Digital TV quality Simple access and use

Virtual VCROn-line 3D/VR GameVideo Conference, EoD


Broadband Access Network requirements

□ Target services with Broadband Access Network

Video phone (multimedia communication), VoIP:

service quality guarantee

ICoD (IP-TV, EoD, VoD, etc) service:

bandwidth as well as service quality guarantee

□ Broadband Access Network functions in general

QoS per flow/service/path, OAM & protection, IPv6, Multicasting

Terminal AggregationSwitch

AggregationDevice

ServiceEdge

Metro Switch Edge Core

Resource Reservation• Edge-to-Edge

QoS• Flow, path, class

OAM• Link, MPLS

Link protectionStatistics

• Per link, LSP pathScheduler

• Class • Connection/Session

Resource Reservation• Per hop or end-to-end

QoS• Flow, path, class

OAM• Link, VLAN or MPLS

Link protection• VLAN/MPLS protection

Statistics• Per Service/link, VLAN/LSP path

Scheduler• Class

FTTH access network


Bandwidth for NGN services to the home

Services Bandwidth (Mb/s)

Three DTV MPEG Video Stream(VDD) 15

Telecommuting/VPN 2Video Conferencing 1

Web Surfing 1.5High Definition Interactive Game 19.2

High Definition TV 19.2Two Phone Conversations 0.128

Total bandwidth > 58

□ Bandwidth requirements ADSL/VDSL

HFC< 50Mbps

Fiber solution> 100 Mbps

Needs more bandwidth


Broadband Access Technologies


Broadband Access Technologies

전송장치

MDFFDF

동도 통신구 중구경관로 인공

수공

관로

광케이블

동선케이블

ONU

증폭및분배기동축케이블

케이블모뎀

증폭및분배기

광접속함체

광중간절체함

ONU

FTTC용ONU

Optical Splitter

ONU

WLL

HFC

FTTx

xDSL

주거용건물

STB

광케이블

주거용건물

공동주택

공동주택

업무용건물

인공

전화국

NIU

NIU

ONU

동축케이블


□ xDSL 특징

가입자수에 관계없이 Dedicated Bandwidth와 Security 확보

비대칭/대칭형의 다양한 기술에 의해 서비스 수요에 대처

기존의 POTS 서비스 동시 사용 가능

서비스 거리가 길어짐에 따라 따라 전송속도 저하

□ xDSL 기술 비교

xDSL 기술

IDSLISDN DSL

SDSLSym m etric DSL

ADSLAsym m etric DSL

H D SL4-wire H igh-Bit-Rate DSL

H DSL22-wire H igh-Bit-Rate DSL

VDSLVery-H igh-Bit-Rate DSL

144KSym m etric

~2M bpsSym m etric

Full Rate : 8M /1MG .lite : 1.5M /640K

1.5M ~ 2MSym m etric

1.5M ~ 2MSym m etric

52M /6.4M34M or 6.5M Sym m etric

5.5K m

6K m

5.5K m

4.6K m

4.6K m

0.3K m0.3 or 1.5K m

음성 전화와함 께 사용

음성 전화와함 께 사용

ISDN

비 표 준

4선식

2선식

인터넷초고속 접 속

중소규모기업용

인터넷고속 접속

기업용 W AN

기업용 W AN

비디오 및 인터넷 접 속

DSL 기 술 최 고 전송속도하향 /상향

도 달 거 리 특 징 적 용 분 야

26M


xDSL 현황

□ ADSL2/ADSL2+, VDSL2/VDSL2+ 출현으로 20 ~ 100Mbps 가능

□ xDSL 구축 현황

KT, 하나로텔레콤 등은 아파트 지역을 중심으로 50M 급 VDSL2 구축 중

하나로텔레콤은 100M급 VDSL2+ 시범사업 추진 예정

유럽 및 미국은 주로 ADSL2+ (20Mbps 급) 도입 중

일본은 공동주택 지역을 중심으로 VDSL2/VDSL2+ 도입 중

□ xDSL 의 핵심 칩 기술은 주로 IKANOS, 메타링크, 인피니언 등의 제외국 업체에 의존

□ VDSL2 칩은 국산화 성공하였으나 현재까지 상용화 실적 부재

□ Copper 기반의 DSL 은 대역폭이 거리에 매우 의존적

NGN의 궁극적인 솔류션은 아님

NGN 서비스 초기에 활용 가치가 높음


CMTS:Cable Modem Termination SystemONU: Optical Network Unit

HFC 망구성

단독주택 가입자

TAP-OFF 라우터 CMTS

케이블모뎀

증폭기(능동)

하나로통신/종합유선 방송국(SO)

백본망

케이블라우터

케이블모뎀

아파트 가입자

광케이블분배망

공동주택 가입자

ONU

홈랜

광 144~288 Core 광 10 Core

분배기(수동)

1 Cell

500-2000 homes

125-500 homes

ONU


HFC 기술특징 및 현황

□ 특징

광케이블 다음으로 높은 대역폭, Cell Division 및 채널 할당이 유연, 용이

증폭기의 사용으로 전송거리 확장 가능

Tree and Branch 구조 전송 속도 및 품질이 제한됨

대역폭 공유로 인해 보안이 취약

□ 현황

HFC 기술은 현재 DOCSIS 2.0 제품(하향 40M, 상향 30M)이 상용화되어 있으

며, 최근 고속의 데이터 전송(하향 160M, 상향 120M)이 가능한 DOCSIS 3.0 규

격 정립되어 2006년부터 상용 제품 출시 예상

케이블모뎀의 핵심칩은 해외 업체에 의존, 해외 업체의 가격 파괴 전략에 고전,

CMTS는 시스코가 국내시장의 90% 이상 독점, 국산 제품이 전무한 실정임


□ 광가입자망 (FTTx: Fiber To The x)은 가입자망의 완전 광케이블(FTTH)

을 목표로 단계적이고 부분적인 광케이블화 진행

□ 광케이블의 가입자 까지의 접근도에 따라 다양한 솔루션 가능

FTTB (Fiber To The Building)

가입자의 건물(대형 상업 건물 등)까지 광케이블 포설

COT @ 전화국 + RT @ 가입자 건물

FTTC (Fiber To The Curb/Cab)

인구 밀집주거지역 까지 광케이블 포설

아파트단지 등, 댁내까지 동선거리 0.5 ~1.5Km 이내

OLT @ 전화국 + ONU @ Curb

FTTH (Fiber to the Home)

가입자 댁내까지 광 케이블로 포설

OLT @ 전화국 + ONT @ 가입자 댁 내

Optical Fiber


Optical Fiber provides

Unlimited Bandwidth

Higher quality & long reach

Higher robustness

Optical Fiber solution

□ 광대역 인터넷 구현

□ 새로운 서비스 시장 창출

□ 유지보수 문제 경감

□ 대역폭 scalability


Fiber Solutions for NGN Services

주거형태[공동 : 단독 (%)]

국 가

미 국

한 국

일 본

11 : 70

59 : 37

38 : 59

PSTN/ISDN

ADSL

HFC doc.1.0/2.0

VDSL

아파트 LAN

FTTH based on PON

30Mbps

(2006)

100Mbps(2008)

수백 meter 수십 km

[자료] IITA


FTTx Technologies


FTTx access network : x = C/B/H/P

단독주택 [밀집형]

단독주택 [분산형]

공동주택, 기업형

통신실

환경- 통신실 설치 용이- 근거리위치(~1K m)적용기술 (FTTB, FTTH)- AON

Fiber+Switch+Fiber or UTP (광랜)Fiber+Splitter+ONU+VDSL2HFC(DOCIS3.0)

- PONFiber+Spliter : TDM-PONFiber+AWG : WDM-PONFiber+AWG+Splitter : WE-PON

환경- Curb에 통신실 설치- 비교적 근거리에 위치 (~1.5Km)적용기술 (FTTC, FTTH)- AON

Fiber+Switch+Fiber or UTP Fiber+Splitter+ONU+VDSL2HFC(DOCIS3.0)

- PONFiber+Splitter : TDM-PONFiber+AWG : WDM-PONFiber+AWG+Splitter : WE-PON

환경- 통신실 설치 어려움- 원거리에 위치(~10Km)적용기술 (FTTH)- PON

Fiber+Splitter : TDM-PONFiber+AWG : WDM-PONFiber+AWG+Splitter : WE-PON

CO


Active Optical Network (AON)

MDF@BuildingCO

Type Wavelength Transmitter Medium Distance1310nm LED MMF, UD 2km1310nm FP-LD SMF, UD 5km

100BASE-SX 850nm VSCEL MMF, UD 0.26km, 0.55km1000BASE-LX 1310nm FP-LD MMF, UD 0.55km,

1310nm FP-LD SMF, UD 5kmTS1000(100Mb/s) 1310nm(user),1530nm(co) FP-LDs SMF, BD 7.5km100BASE-LX10 1310nm FP-LD SMF, UD 10km100BASE-BX10 1310nm(user), 1530nm(co) FP-LDs SMF, BD 10km1000BASE-LX10 1310nm FP-LD MMF, UD 0.55km

1310nm FP-LD SMF, UD 10km1000BASE-BX10 1310nm(user), 1490nm(co) FP-LD, SM-LD SMF, BD 10km

100BASE-FX

IEEE

802.

3ah

Japan

MMF: multi-mode fiber, SMF: single-mode fiber, UD: unidirectional, BD: bidirectional

GE


TDMA-PON (Passive Optical Network) : A/B/E/GPON

OLT

…

time

time

time

Power splitter

ONU

Operator building

TDMA(Time-division

multiple access)

• Burst-Mode Receiver• DBA (Dynamic bandwidth allocation)

…

Typical specs: 155M~1.25Gbps total bandwidth, 10~20 km reach, 16~64 splitStandards: BPON (ITU-T G.983.x), GPON (ITU-T G.984.x), and EPON (IEEE 802.3ah)

time

Home


WDM-PON

OLT

Different wavelength(s) assigned to each of users (or each of services)Unshared accessLong reach and/or high bandwidth

…

time

ONU

time

Wavelength MUX/DMX

WDM(Wavelength-division

multiplex)

time

time timeλ

λn

λ2

λ1

..

λ

λ

λ


PON Evolution

1995Today ▶

□ EPON = Ethernet-based PONs□ Emerging market, especially for Metro

Ethernet (Japan)□ Efficiency (for voice and data) ~ 49%□ 1Gbps bandwidth□ IEEE acceptance in 2004

□ GPON = Gigabit PON□ Emerging market (USA)□ Led by FSAN Committee for Voice and

Data in their native format□ 2.5Gbps bandwidth with 93% Efficiency□ Adopted as ITU standard in 2004

□ WE-PON = EPON over WDM-PON□ Led by Korea□ WE-PON product is under test□ An early WDM-PON product

tested and installed by KT□ 100Mbps~1Gbps

□ ATM-based PONs□ Early BPON products tested and

installed in limited quantities by carriers

□ Supports Voice and Data□ 622 Mbps bandwidth with ~ 70%

Efficiency (?)□ Adopted as ITU standard in 1999

A/BPONG.983

EPON802.3ah

GPONG.984

WE-PON WDM-PON


EPON 핵심기술

□ TDMA Protocol: Multi-Point Control Protocol (IEEE802.3 clause 64)

□ EPON Logical Link (IEEE802.3 clause 65)

□ EPON PMD : 1000BASE-PX10, 1000BASE-PX20 (IEEE802.3 clause 60)

□ Link OAM (IEEE802.3 clause 57)

□ Link Security : IEEE802.1ae (MACsec), IEEE802.1af (key management)


▶ Downstream

▶ Upstream

: Ethernet Frame (64~1522octets) + EPON preamble(8 octets): idle patterns in Interframe Gap (> 12 octets)

Burst frames from ONU #j

Guard Time

1.25Gb/s

1.25Gb/s

(Bit, time-stamp synchronization are required)

Burst frames from ONU #i

EPON Frame Formats

Frame Formats


Item(reference BER = 10-12)

Downstream1.25Gb/s

Upstream1.25Gb/s

ODN 10km 20km 10km 20kmChannel Loss 5-19.5 dB 10-23.5 dB 5-20 dB 10-24 dBReceiver SensitivityAverage Received Power(Max)Receiver Settling Time(Max)CDR Lock Time(Max)Code Group Alignment Time(Max)

-24dBm-3dBm

N.A.N.A.

-24dBm -24dBm -27dBm-3dBm -1dBm -6dBm

400 ns32 ns

400 ns

Valid FrameValid Frame

Ethernetpreamble

Turn-onTime

Turn-offTime

< 15dB

ReceiverSettling Time

CDRLock Time

Guard Time

EPON OTRx


GPON 주요 특징

□ 다양한 상하향 속도 지원 : 1.2Gbps/2.4Gbps, 대칭/비대칭

□ ATM 및 가변길이 패킷(Ethernet, IP packet) 동시 지원

□ 8KHz 동기 전달, TDM 수용 용이

□ 상향 DBA 특징

8KHz로 주기적인 상향 채널 접근 허용

프레임 fragmentation 허용

□ OTRx 특징

100 nsec 이하의 guard time : 대역폭 효율성 제고

OLT burst 수신기 reset 기능

ONT 송신 출력 제어 기능


Comparison among TDMA-PON Types

EPONDescription

Cost

QoS

다단분기

상/하향 전송속도

Layer 2 Protocol

Multiple Access

Video OverlayStandardization

Low

Bad

가능

1.2 Gbps

Ethernet

TDMA

가능

IEEE802.3ah

G-PON

Middle

Good

가능

1.2 or 2.4 Gbps

Native (ATM,Ethernet, TDM)

TDMA

가능

G.984

TDM service supportMax. reach today 20Km 37.5Km

Service Ethernet Ethernet, POTS, DS1/2, ATM

Full native and flexibilityLimited


COλ

AWG

WDM-PON

WDM-PON

□ Very high bandwidth (100Mbps ~ 1Gbps)

□ Protocol transparency (Ethernet, ATM etc)

□ High security (Point to Point)

□ High link budget

□ High cost ⇒ need to develop low-cost light sources


Wavelength Options

Original BandExtended Band Short Band Conventional

Band Long Band

O-band E-band S-band C-band L-band

1260 1360 1460 1530 1565 1625 nm

□ CWDM (20 nm spacing)

□ WWDM (4-5 nm spacing)

□ DWDM (1.6/0.8 nm spacing)

□ UDWDM (less than 0.4 nm spacing)


Transmitter Options

□ Commercial Light SourcesDFB-LD (Distributed Feed Back Laser Diode)

good modulation, high costVCSEL

low cost, single mode, good modulationon-going development for 1550 nm

□OthersSpectrum-Sliced ASE Source

expensive external modulator neededInjection Locked FP-LD using Broadband Light SourceExternal Cavity LaserRSOA


Issues in WDM-PON

□Avoid Inventory ProblemColor-free by wavelength tunable source

Colorless by wavelength-independent source

□Reduce Optical CostToward Passive Alignment Packaging

Down to the range not far away from $[VDSL]

□Reliable against Temperature ChangesONT light sources

Athermal AWG at RN


WDM-PON Link Types

C-band BLS

L-band BLS

R-LD

PD

filter R-LD

PDPD

filter

subscribers

Central Office

Central Office

DFB-LD

DFB-LD

DFB-LD

DFB-LD1310 nm band

1550 nm band

R-SOA

PD

R-SOAPD

filter

Central Office

DFB-LD

PD

RSOAPD

PLC-ECL

PD

filter PLC-ECL

PDPD

filter

subscribersCentral Office

CW-RSOA Wavelength-reuse RSOA

Injection-locking Tunable PLC-ECL

filter

subscribers

R-PON: Reflective PON

subscribers

T-PON: Tunable PON


R-LD (Reflective LD)

Straight SSC waveguide

Far-field angle: 15 deg

WBG (Waveguide Bragg Grating)

WBG by phase-mask

WBG material: Low Visco-Elastic, high index Δ Polymer

Tunable Bragg grating

optical tap(90:10)

mPD

R-LD spot-sizeconverter

V-groove

Wavelength-Tunable PLC-ECL


Specifications

Output power > -3 dBm

1.25 Gbps direct-modulation

26nm tunable (32channel, 100GHz spacing)

Operating Temperature: 0 ~ 40 oC

Low-cost butterfly package

PLC-ECL Sample (2005. 12)


Tunable WGB of PLC-ECL


26 nm tuning

PLC-ECL Wavelength Tuning


CO

SMLPD

RSOAPD

Amplitude Squeezing

0 1 0 1 0

Saturation point INPUT POWER

OU

PUT

POW

ER

Down stream

Saturated Down stream

Modulated Up stream

RSOA module

RSOA: Reflective Semiconductor Amplifier

USER

Wavelength-reuse RSOA


Specifications

1.25 Gbps direct modulation

SSC-RSOA

far-field angle < 25 deg

to improve fiber-coupling efficiency

Optical tap coupler

Monitoring output power

Receiving downstream signal

Data PD

RSOA Monitor PD

Up/Down Signal

TRx with Wavelength-reuse RSOA


OLT output pattern: ER ≈ 8.2dB RSOA output pattern (saturation only)

RSOA output pattern (FFC)

Control Current

Upstream Modulation

SSCOutput

Input

Section 1 Section 2

□ FFCI into Two-Section RSOA

Improvement in Wavelength-reuse RSOA


□ Service

A few tens Mbps BW would be OK for the present services

1Gbps BW with W-PON is too much

□ Cost

WPON is still too expensive for general users

VDSL : E-PON : W-PON = $100 : $200 : $500

□ WDM-PON is not cost-competitive yet with other types

Symmetric 100Mbps VDSL starts to be deployed in 2006

Optical LAN (AON) deployment has been on a rapid increase

□ WDM based hybrid PONs can be good candidates

as cost-effective solutions for providing 100Mbps/user with higher

multiplexing density

WDM-PON Market Status


▶ WDM MUX/DeMUX + Optical Power Splitter▶ TDM over WDM▶ FDM (SCM) over WDM

λ1 · · · λN

λ1

λ2

λN

CO

f1f2

fm

t1t2

tk

WDM based Hybrid Network

WDM

FDM over WDM

TDM over WDM


WDM/SCMTRx 1

ONT 11

WDM/SCMTRx N

ONT 1K1λ

Nλ ONT N1

ONT NK

1λ

Nλ

1λ1f Kf…

1f

□ Key issues

High quality optical source

Broadband tunable RF up/down-converter

to eliminate RF inventory problem @ ONT

Optical Beat Interference (OBI)

Kf

1f

Kf

…

1λ

Nλ

…

SCM over WDM


□ 16 wavelengths are multiplexed into a fiber (WDM)

□ Each wavelength is shared by multiple users on different times (TDMA)

AWG is followed by Splitter to user’s side

□ Flexible configuration is possible by varying split numbers of splitters

32 split (Apartment users), 16 split (SOHO), without split (Enterprise)

LD

ONU

LD

ONU1λ

Nλ ONU

ONU

TS1

TS 32TS 1…

TS 1 …

TS1

TS 32

TS 32TS 1

TS 32TS 1

1λ

Nλ

…

…

TS: Time Slot

1λ

Nλ

WDMWDM

TS 32

TS 32

splitter

splitter

10 ~ 40 km

CO

WDM TDMA

WE-PON WDM-Ethernet-PON


WE-PON based on wavelength-reuse RSOA

16 channel WDM, 16 split E-PON (G-PON) per wavelength

Double split Star structure: first at AWG, second at splitter

Available in 2006 (Optical Link by ETRI, System by industries)

WE-PON based on wavelength-tunable PLC-ECL

16 channel WDM, 32 split E-PON (G-PON) per wavelength

Double split Ring structure: first at OADM, second at splitter

Available in 2006 (Optical Link by ETRI, System by industries)

ETRI WE-PON Solutions

Central Office

LD

PD

RSOAPD

WE-PON with RSOA

subscriberssplitter

WE-PON with PLC-ECL

LD

PDPLC-ECL

PDPD

subscribersCentral Office

splitterAWG AWG


WE-PON Target Networks - FTTC

OADM

MDF

ONU

북대전전화국

Splitter

λ1

1 동

16 동2 동

WE-PON16:16 wavelength WDM x 16 TDMA (E-PON/G-PON) x 24 FE ports = 6144 users on a fiber

엑스포아파트

λ2 OADM

MDF

ONU

Splitter

λ3

1 동

16 동2 동

청구아파트

OADM

MDFSplitter

λ16

16 동2 동

한울아파트

λ15λ14

λ13

ONU

32 동

UTP

Optical Fiber

ONU

1 동

UTP


WE-PON Target Networks - FTTH

전화국

WE-PON32: 512 FTTH users on a fiber

아파트 가입자

λ1

AWG

AWG

AWG

λ2λ16

32분기Splitter


λ1λ2 λ16

λ1λ2

λ16


16분기Splitter

8분기Splitter

단독주택 가입자기업 가입자

□ FTTH with Double Star Topology

16 ~ 32 split (general users)4 ~ 8 split (SOHO)Without split (enterprise)


□ Business Network with Ring

Wireless (DMB, WiBro)Wired (CATV, FTTH)Dedicated networks

WE-PON Target Networks – Business Ring


Mobile IP

...

FMC-PON

Splitter

HPi-AP

HA

FA

A/D

AP

WiBro Transport Network

AAA

W-LAN AP

W-LAN AT

Inter AP H/O Inter OLT H/O

PuBlic IP Network

Router

FMC-PON

...

Splitter

학교/Business

ONU HDTV-STB IP-STB

PC HDTV

주택/아파트

ONT

ONU ...

AP

...

A/D

Mux /Demux

FMC-PON

AP

AP

AT

RI

AT

...

Splitter

Splitter

AT

RI

HDTV-STB IP-STB

PC HDTV

ONT

ONU

학교/Business 주택/아파트

...

WE-PON Target Networks - Convergent Access

School/business School/business House/ApartmentHouse/Apartment


E-PONMin 31Mbps32 ch/Fiber135 $/E77 $/O

212 $/Total6.8 $/Mb

ETRI WPON1Gbps32 ch/Fiber154 $/E350 $/O504 $/Total0.5 $/Mb

WE-PON16Min 62Mbps256 ch/Fiber147 $/E157 $/O304 $/Total4.86 $/Mb

WE-PON32Min 31Mbps512 ch/Fiber137 $/E135 $/O272 $/Total6.8 $/Mb

US$ per MbpsUS$ per channel

100

200

300

400

500

600

8

6

4

2

Electrical Cost per ch (E)

Optical Cost per ch (O)

Total Cost per ch (Total)

Total Cost per Mbps (Mb)

Deployment cost (based on 1000 channel deployment)

Equipment Cost


OSP cost takes 50% of the total cost, OSP costs for feeder and trunk take 50% of the total OSP costOSP cost for fiber distribution is assumed to be equal to the types with BiDi structureOOP cost is assumed to be the same as the equipment cost for EPON

US$

per

cha

nnel

200

300

400

500

600

700Equipment Cost (S)

OSP Cost (O)

Total Cost (Total)

800

100

Total Cost (Equipment + OSP)

E-PONMin 31Mbps32 ch/Fiber212 $/S212 $/O424 $/Total

ETRI WPON1Gbps32 ch/Fiber504 $/S212 $/O716 $/Total

WE-PON16Min 62Mbps256 ch/Fiber304 $/S119 $/O423 $/Total

WE-PON32Min 31Mbps512 ch/Fiber272 $/S109 $/O381 $/Total


AON TDMA-PON WDM-PON WE-PON

Real time video Χ ◎ ◎ ◎

streaming video ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎

Security Χ △ ◎ ◎

BW Expendability ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎

OAM Convenience Χ ◎ ◎ ◎

Cost ◎ ◎ △ ◎

◎ : good, △ : medium, Χ : not enough

□ WE-PON may be most practical, suitable for current broadband services.

Summary


Concluding Remarks

■ Broadband applications will continue to increaseDemands for broadband services over 100 Mbps rises in a few years

■ We definitely need something better than DSL shortlyReliable full bundle services have been shown alreadyFull-digitally convergence services (Full Digitalized Home) availableDSL would not be able to provide them economically

■ WDM based Hybrid PONs can be good candidates Bandwidths around 100Mbps seem OK for the time beingCan cost-effectively provide 100Mbps/user with higher multiplexing density

WDM-based Hybrid PON - HSNold.hsn.or.kr/workshop/hsn2006/document/2.23.Thu/6-1.pdf ·...

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Transcript of WDM-based Hybrid PON - HSNold.hsn.or.kr/workshop/hsn2006/document/2.23.Thu/6-1.pdf ·...