Way - CampanastanWater can be found anywhere. The difference is finding quality client’s needs....
Transcript of Way - CampanastanWater can be found anywhere. The difference is finding quality client’s needs....
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Original artwork courtesy of Sue Ellen Johnson, Used by Permission
Finding Water the Ol’ Timey Way
The Geography, History and Science
of Water Witching
Todd Jarvis, Ph.D.Associate Director
Institute for Water & WatershedsOregon State Universitywater.oregonstate.edu
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My Perspective
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“Water witching”is primarily an American and
Scottish term for divining for
undergroundwater.
The “witch” may be from the use of a witch hazel
tree.
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“Dowsing”refers to the
European approach to
remotely sense for
underground water
http://www.george-applegate.co.uk/
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History shows first documented use was for
mineral explorationin late 1400s by
Western Europeans in Germany.
Technological Development
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Technology TransferFrench may have been the
first to use dowsing for water exploration.
Dissemination to the rest of the world through European colonists.
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Cost-EffectiveTechnology
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Reprinted from the Water Well Journal with permission of the National Ground Water Association Press. Copyright 1987
Articles regularly appear in
trade journals;
some supportive; some not
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Why Should Geologists Be Interested In Dowsing?
Obviously it is an issue we must be cognizant of to be effective in our business, and to be better communicators with dowsers and our clients
(from National Driller’s Journal, 1999)
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Why Should Geologists Be Interested In Dowsing?
While hydrogeologistshave a better track record at finding water, we must also win the client’s favor and trust
(from Groundwater, 2002)
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Why Do Geologists Have an Uphill Battle?
Use of Water Witching Begins in the late 1400s
William Smith’s First Geologic Map Drawn in the early 1800s
Water can be found anywhere.The difference is finding
sufficient quantities and quality of groundwater for our client’s
needs.
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Information on dowsing available from US
government and interest
groups.
American Society of Dowsers
Sells Guides to
Membership of over 4,000
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Estimated 25,000 practitioners in
1955
Today, 60,000 practitioners
in US.
4,000 Hydrologists in US.
From The Hidden Seawww.dowsers.org
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From Water Witching, USA
American Techniques
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Brass Rods are the typical remote sensing
tool used in US.
From American Society of Dowsers
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But, just about anything has been used.
From Water Witching, USA
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Some tool designs are “multipurpose”
From Water Witching, USA
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European tools vary from “office
supplies”
From Complete Guide to Dowsing
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To “Specialized”Equipment
From Complete Guide to Dowsing
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What the American Water Witch “senses”
What the Geologist thinks
“Primary”water
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What the European “Dowser” senses(From Complete Guide to Dowsing)
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Europeans “Quantify” Depth(From Complete Guide to Dowsing)
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Europeans “Verify” Readings(From Complete Guide to Dowsing)
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Personal Case Study
Wealthy Landowner located in Santa Barbara, CAGeology - Franciscan RocksJarvis sites wellLandowner flies in Witch from MT$100,000 spent on witched site - no waterJarvis site drilled with angled hole - water
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Post-Mortum Assessment
Witcher Assessment - “Didn’t drill deep enough”Jarvis Assessment - “Clay in Franciscan Rocks interfered with Witcher’sreadings”Landowner satisfied with Jarvis explanation and all bills paid.
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Does dowsing work?
Both dowsing andhydrogeology are about
imagining what goes on in the subsurface.
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Conclusions
The “art” of water witching and dowsing has been practiced since the late 1400sMost “skilled” dowsers are familiar with site geologyGeologists are more successful at finding water due to “science”Witches are more successful at getting holes drilled due to “trust”
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Recommendations
If placed in situation where asked to assess a dowsed location, defer to this location as a place to start Be respectful of others beliefs despite the contradictory literature and apparent lack of scienceBe prepared with an alternative location for drilling based on local hydrogeology
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Thank you for your attention
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