WaterView 2015 - Environmental Business...
Transcript of WaterView 2015 - Environmental Business...
Research, Consulting and Publishing for the Environmental Industry
WaterView 2015 Water and Wastewater Markets
Overview of Markets and Competition
Summer 2015
Environmental Business International Inc. 4452 Park Blvd., Suite 306, San Diego, CA 92116 USA
619-295-7685 • Fax 619-295-5743 • www.ebionline.org
WaterView 2015
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Table of Contents
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 21
1.1 STEADY AS SHE GOES FOR THE WATER INDUSTRY IN 2015 ................................................................ 26
1.2 WATER UTILITIES ADAPT FOR CLIMATE CHANGE AND RELATED RISKS IN 2015................................ 31
1.3 U.S. WATER INDUSTRY STRUGGLES WITH INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDING GAP IN 2014........................ 41
1.3.1 Key Drivers Behind the Water Business ........................................................................................ 44
2 WATER INDUSTRY TRENDS, THE FUTURE, AND STRATEGIES.............................................. 47
2.1 ABOUT THIS REPORT .......................................................................................................................... 47
2.1.1 Scope.............................................................................................................................................. 47
2.1.2 Report Point of View & Methodology............................................................................................ 47
2.1.3 The Environmental Industry and Water......................................................................................... 49
2.1.4 About This Chapter........................................................................................................................ 50
2.2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 51
2.2.1 Overview of the Water Industry ..................................................................................................... 54
2.3 MUNICIPAL MARKET ISSUES............................................................................................................... 60
2.3.1 Water-Wastewater Utilities Continue To Work Around Limited Funding in 2013-2014............... 60
2.3.2 Municipalities Holding Back Growth in Water & Wastewater Market in 2011-2012................... 68
2.3.3 2011 Water Market Review............................................................................................................ 76
2.3.4 2008-2009 Review: Water Industry Still Flows, But Doesn’t Run Uphill...................................... 85
2.3.5 U.S. Water Industry: 2007 Business Update.................................................................................. 91
2.3.6 U.S. Water Industry: 2006 Business Review.................................................................................. 95
2.4 THE WATER INDUSTRY: POLICY, LAWS & REGULATION .................................................................. 101
2.4.1 New Laws and Funding in 2014 Aim to Address Ongoing California Drought .......................... 101
2.4.2 Increasing Regulation.................................................................................................................. 109
2.4.3 Major Water Regulations and Enforcement ................................................................................ 111
2.4.4 Sustainable Water Infrastructure Investment Act (H.R. 537) ...................................................... 115
2.4.5 American Recovery & Reinvestment Act of 2009 ........................................................................ 119
2.5 CHANGE DRIVERS AND INDUSTRY TRENDS ...................................................................................... 149
2.5.1 Water Industry Discontinuities .................................................................................................... 150
2.5.2 The Water-Energy Nexus ............................................................................................................. 177
2.5.3 Growing Importance of Corporate Water Strategies in 2015...................................................... 178
2.5.4 Emerging Driver: Corporations and Water Risk......................................................................... 182
2.6 MAJOR INDUSTRY DYNAMICS IN RESPONSE TO MARKET TRENDS.................................................... 185
2.6.1 Closing the Loop: Water Recycling ............................................................................................. 186
2.6.2 Southern California Boost Water Recycling And Desalination ................................................... 190
1. Executive Summary
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2.6.3 Automation and Packaged Systems ..............................................................................................213
2.6.4 Standardization.............................................................................................................................215
2.6.5 Privatization and Outsourcing .....................................................................................................216
2.6.6 Alternative Delivery Methods .......................................................................................................220
2.6.7 Alternative Delivery Slowly Catches On In Water/Wastewater Infrastructure in the 2010s ........221
2.6.8 Layering of Capital Ownership and Information Management....................................................228
2.6.9 Convergence of Water & Energy..................................................................................................228
2.6.10 Globalization............................................................................................................................229
2.6.11 Desalination Market Reviews...................................................................................................238
2.6.12 High-Purity Water Treatment ..................................................................................................258
2.6.13 Climate Change Adaption Feature...........................................................................................263
2.7 CANADIAN WATER INDUSTRY ...........................................................................................................270
2.7.1 Engineering firms take leading roles in getting more from a stressed resource ..........................270
2.7.2 Canada’s membrane and UV suppliers set to take on global markets .........................................280
2.7.3 UV Taking Market Share..............................................................................................................283
2.8 STRATEGIES AND THE FUTURE...........................................................................................................287
2.8.1 Strategic Framework ....................................................................................................................287
2.8.2 Technology Approaches ...............................................................................................................291
2.8.3 Strategic Market Approaches .......................................................................................................302
2.8.4 Water Strategy Profile: Global Water Intelligence (GWI) ...........................................................321
2.8.5 Finance and Size...........................................................................................................................325
2.8.6 Putting it All Together ..................................................................................................................342
2.9 APPENDIX ..........................................................................................................................................343
2.9.1 Research Methodology .................................................................................................................343
2.9.2 Results of the 2008 Water & Wastewater Market Opinion Survey...............................................347
2.9.3 Results of the 2007 Water & Wastewater Market Opinion Survey...............................................353
2.9.4 Results of the 2006 Water & Wastewater Market Opinion Survey...............................................357
2.9.5 Results of the 2005 Water & Wastewater Market Opinion Survey...............................................361
3 ANALYSIS OF MARKETS & END-USERS........................................................................................367
3.1.1 2012-2013 EBJ Survey Results .....................................................................................................369
3.1.2 2006-2007 EBJ Survey Results .....................................................................................................372
3.2 MARKET OVERVIEW..........................................................................................................................374
3.2.1 Flow of Water & Money ...............................................................................................................375
3.2.2 Investing in the Water Industry.....................................................................................................377
3.2.3 Water Use Patterns.......................................................................................................................382
3.3 END-USER CHARACTERISTICS & WATER TREATMENT NEEDS/TRENDS ............................................385
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3.3.1 Agriculture................................................................................................................................... 385
3.3.2 Thermoelectric Utilities ............................................................................................................... 389
3.3.3 Domestic/Commercial ................................................................................................................. 398
3.3.4 Industrial Manufacturers............................................................................................................. 404
3.3.5 Landfill Leachate Treatment........................................................................................................ 444
3.3.6 Groundwater Remediation........................................................................................................... 446
3.4 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................... 455
4 WATER RIGHTS AND WHOLESALING.......................................................................................... 457
4.1 INTRODUCTION: MARKET ELEMENTS ............................................................................................... 457
4.1.1 Measuring Water ......................................................................................................................... 458
4.1.2 Six Critical Assets of Water Markets ........................................................................................... 459
4.1.3 Types of Owners/Sellers of Water................................................................................................ 463
4.1.4 Trading in Water Rights Increases in 2015 ................................................................................. 467
4.1.5 Water Rights Marketing: 2013 Market Update ........................................................................... 471
4.1.6 Global Water Discontinuities ...................................................................................................... 475
4.2 THE U.S. RAW WATER MARKET....................................................................................................... 482
4.2.1 Water Pricing and Water Buyers................................................................................................. 482
4.2.2 U.S. Raw Water Market Estimate ................................................................................................ 483
4.2.3 The Raw Water Value Chain ....................................................................................................... 484
4.3 RECENT EVENTS AND TRENDS.......................................................................................................... 486
4.3.1 Water Rights in A Challenged Economy...................................................................................... 486
4.3.2 Water Asset Trading .................................................................................................................... 493
4.3.3 2008 Case Study: Arizona Water Deal Signals Resurgent Interest In Water Rights Marketing.. 496
4.3.4 Big Deal Sets an Example............................................................................................................ 502
4.4 ALTERNATIVE BUSINESS MODELS: LESSONS LEARNED.................................................................... 504
4.4.1 USFilter ....................................................................................................................................... 504
4.4.2 PureCycle .................................................................................................................................... 506
4.4.3 Western Water Company ............................................................................................................. 507
4.4.4 Cadiz Land Company, Inc. .......................................................................................................... 510
4.4.5 Vidler Water Company, Inc. ........................................................................................................ 511
4.4.6 Azurix, Inc.................................................................................................................................... 511
4.4.7 Observations ................................................................................................................................ 512
4.5 STRATEGIES ...................................................................................................................................... 512
4.5.1 Wholesale Raw Water Principles................................................................................................. 513
4.5.2 Water Markets and Resource Stewardship .................................................................................. 515
4.5.3 Creating a Water Grading Language .......................................................................................... 516
1. Executive Summary
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4.5.4 Creating Water Exchanges ...........................................................................................................518
4.6 CONCLUSION: USING THIS INFORMATION ..........................................................................................519
5 PRODUCTIVITY & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ...................................................................521
5.1 CONNECTING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT TO A WATER RESOURCE PRODUCTIVITY
AGENDA .........................................................................................................................................................521
5.1.1 Water Basics: Abundance, Affordability, Quality, Service to the Rate Payer .............................521
5.1.2 Future Vision: Water Sustainability .............................................................................................527
5.1.3 Emerging E-Commerce Creates Water Industry Discontinuities .................................................528
5.1.4 Company Internet Involvements ...................................................................................................529
5.1.5 The Future ....................................................................................................................................532
5.2 EXPLOITING ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS IN THE WATER INDUSTRY ............................534
5.2.1 Market for Smart Water Tech and Systems Ramps Up in 2015....................................................535
5.2.2 Relationship to the Internet ..........................................................................................................541
5.2.3 Current and Potential Future Markets in Water ..........................................................................542
5.2.4 Equipment Types and Applications ..............................................................................................543
5.2.5 Relating Communications Technology Deployment to a Water Resource Productivity Agenda..546
5.2.6 Industry Discontinuities................................................................................................................551
5.2.7 The Future ....................................................................................................................................556
5.3 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.............................................................................................................560
5.3.1 Boundaries of This Chapter..........................................................................................................561
5.3.2 Applications Related to e-Business in Water Industry..................................................................561
5.3.3 Applications that Relate to Automation and Communication.......................................................562
5.3.4 Company Examples ......................................................................................................................562
5.3.5 Case Studies..................................................................................................................................564
5.3.6 The Future ....................................................................................................................................566
5.4 WATER IT COMPANY PROFILES.........................................................................................................567
5.4.1 Aquacue ........................................................................................................................................567
5.4.2 Regenesis Management Group, LLC............................................................................................569
5.5 THE WEB-BASED AND WIRELESS REVOLUTIONS...............................................................................571
5.6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ..........................................................................................................573
5.6.1 Theory: The Internet and Water Industry Strategy......................................................................574
5.6.2 Practice: Crafting Your Company’s Internet-Water Industry Strategy.......................................575
6 WATER UTILITIES AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORKS ............................................577
6.1 INTRODUCTION: THE OWNERSHIP OR UTILITY “LAYER” OF THE WATER INDUSTRY .........................578
6.1.1 Industry Structure .........................................................................................................................578
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6.1.2 Important Utility Discontinuities ................................................................................................. 580
6.1.3 Resolving Discontinuities as Water Business Strategy ................................................................ 582
6.1.4 Utility Profile: New Paradigm For Water And Wastewater Management Critical To Solving Today’s
Water Quality Problems ........................................................................................................................... 583
6.2 WATER UTILITIES ............................................................................................................................. 589
6.2.1 The Changing Shape of the Water Utility Industry in 2015......................................................... 589
6.2.2 Water Utilities Face Increasing Water Quality Issues ................................................................ 592
6.2.3 Water Utility Overview ................................................................................................................ 597
6.2.4 Water Utilities Market Overview................................................................................................. 611
6.2.5 Water Utilities’ Market Segments................................................................................................ 615
6.2.6 Geographic Distribution of Water Utilities’ Markets .................................................................. 619
6.2.7 General Market Trends and Growth Areas for Water Utilities ................................................... 620
6.2.8 Leading Water Utility Companies ............................................................................................... 622
6.2.9 Utility Profile: As Delmarva’s Population Grows, So Does Water And Wastewater Utility Artesian
Resources.................................................................................................................................................. 630
6.3 REGIONAL WATER UTILITIES TRENDS/PROFILES.............................................................................. 633
6.3.1 Florida ......................................................................................................................................... 633
6.3.2 California..................................................................................................................................... 640
6.3.3 New York...................................................................................................................................... 646
6.3.4 Seattle .......................................................................................................................................... 650
6.3.5 Texas............................................................................................................................................ 652
6.4 WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORKS ................................................................................................. 659
6.4.1 Wastewater Treatment Industry Overview................................................................................... 660
6.4.2 Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) ............................................................................... 663
6.5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................................... 682
6.5.1 In Conclusion............................................................................................................................... 682
6.5.2 Recommendations ........................................................................................................................ 683
6.6 APPENDIX ......................................................................................................................................... 685
6.6.1 On Water Recycling in the US ..................................................................................................... 685
6.6.2 U.S. and Mexican Border Issues and Opportunities.................................................................... 693
7 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT ....................................................... 696
7.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 696
7.1.1 Purpose of This Chapter .............................................................................................................. 696
7.1.2 Research Methods........................................................................................................................ 697
7.2 WATER INDUSTRY OVERVIEW .......................................................................................................... 698
1. Executive Summary
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7.3 WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES STEP UP TO RECOVER WATER FROM ENERGY
PRODUCTION OPERATIONS .............................................................................................................................702
7.3.1 Companies Stepping Up ...............................................................................................................704
7.3.2 Opportunity In CBM.....................................................................................................................706
7.4 STRUCTURE OF WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT BUSINESS .................................................708
7.4.1 Types of Water/Wastewater Treatment Markets...........................................................................710
7.4.2 Do-It-Yourself: The "Make" Or "Buy" Choice ............................................................................713
7.4.3 Small Flow/Discharge Customers ................................................................................................714
7.4.4 Point of Entry, Point of Use (POE/POU) Water Business ...........................................................715
7.4.5 Sales Channels..............................................................................................................................716
7.4.6 Status of Market Sectors: Flow and Contaminants ......................................................................718
7.4.7 Complex Treatment Trains ...........................................................................................................720
7.4.8 Total Market Size and Growth: by Equipment Type.....................................................................721
7.4.9 “Total Solution” Company Morphs into Integrated Players........................................................723
7.4.10 Separation Technology Companies..........................................................................................724
7.4.11 Destruction & Disinfection Technology Companies ................................................................724
7.4.12 Biosolids Equipment Companies..............................................................................................727
7.4.13 Delivery Equipment..................................................................................................................728
7.4.14 Chemical (Bulk and Specialty) Companies ..............................................................................729
7.4.15 Global Water Treatment Chemicals a $24 Billion Business ....................................................730
7.4.16 Water Services, Consulting & Engineering Segments..............................................................732
7.5 INDUSTRY SECTOR GROWTH RATES ..................................................................................................733
7.5.1 Regional Focus: Singapore Environmental Hub Focus on Water................................................735
7.6 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................740
7.6.1 Water Treatment Technology Types .............................................................................................740
7.6.2 The “Total Solution” Company Revisited ....................................................................................744
7.6.3 High-Purity Water Treatment.......................................................................................................748
7.6.4 Separation Equipment ..................................................................................................................754
7.6.5 Destruction/Disinfection Equipment (Biological an Physical).....................................................755
7.6.6 Biosolids Equipment and Services................................................................................................757
7.6.7 Water Chemicals: Asia’s Expansion Drives Market.....................................................................761
7.6.8 Chemical Equipment.....................................................................................................................763
7.6.9 The Issue of Construction .............................................................................................................763
7.6.10 M&A in the Water Industry: 2012............................................................................................766
7.6.11 M&A in the Water Industry: 2011............................................................................................769
7.6.12 Acquisitions: PBS&J aquires WS Atkins plc ............................................................................771
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7.7 TOP WATER EQUIPMENT COMPANIES............................................................................................... 774
7.7.1 Ranking of the Top Companies in the US – 1993, 1995, 2000 & 2006 ....................................... 774
7.8 EQUIPMENT COMPANY PROFILES...................................................................................................... 786
7.8.1 Microvi Biotechnologies Inc. (2015) ........................................................................................... 786
7.8.2 Ecolab Inc. (2015) ....................................................................................................................... 789
7.8.3 APTwater Inc. .............................................................................................................................. 792
7.8.4 AbTech Industries ........................................................................................................................ 795
7.8.5 BCR Environmental Corp............................................................................................................ 797
7.8.6 Desalitech .................................................................................................................................... 800
7.8.7 IX Power Clean Water................................................................................................................. 802
7.8.8 Drake Water Technologies .......................................................................................................... 804
7.8.9 Environmental Operating Solutions, Inc. .................................................................................... 807
7.8.10 GE Water & Process Technologies ......................................................................................... 809
7.8.11 Siemens Water Technologies................................................................................................... 814
7.8.12 2008 Profile: Severn Trent Services........................................................................................ 820
7.8.13 2005 Profile: Severn Trent plc ................................................................................................ 823
7.8.14 Layne Christensen Co. ............................................................................................................ 826
7.8.15 Pentair..................................................................................................................................... 828
7.8.16 Watts Water Technologies....................................................................................................... 831
7.8.17 Applied Process Technology ................................................................................................... 833
7.8.18 Trojan Technologies................................................................................................................ 836
7.8.19 Ecovation Installations Make Energy Connection In Sustainable Wastewater Treatment ..... 838
7.8.20 Calgon Carbon Corp. (2015) .................................................................................................. 841
7.8.21 Calgon Carbon Corp............................................................................................................... 844
7.8.22 Infilco Degremont.................................................................................................................... 845
7.8.23 Thames Water Products .......................................................................................................... 845
7.8.24 EcoWater................................................................................................................................. 845
7.8.25 Parkson.................................................................................................................................... 846
7.8.26 PuR.......................................................................................................................................... 846
7.8.27 Koch Membrane Systems, Inc.................................................................................................. 846
7.8.28 Review of Foreign Water Companies Entries into the US Market .......................................... 847
7.8.29 Historical Profiles ................................................................................................................... 851
7.9 CLIENT TYPE ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................... 855
7.10 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF WATER EQUIPMENT AND CHEMICAL MARKETS ............................. 856
7.11 WATER EQUIPMENT’S RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA ..................................... 859
7.12 GENERAL MARKET TRENDS AND GROWTH AREAS........................................................................... 860
1. Executive Summary
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7.12.1 Water Reuse in Western U.S.: 2011 .........................................................................................861
7.12.2 Reclaimed Groundwater: Sustainable Water Supply ...............................................................868
7.12.3 Closing the Loop - Onsite and Distributed Recycling..............................................................871
7.12.4 Relieving Global Water Stress: Recycling & Desalination......................................................872
7.12.5 Water Reuse .............................................................................................................................879
7.12.6 Desalination .............................................................................................................................883
7.12.7 Growth in Global Desalination Markets: 2011........................................................................886
7.12.8 Automation and Packaged Systems, and Integrations of Diverse Systems...............................891
7.12.9 Creation of Technology Standardization..................................................................................893
7.12.10 Continuous Innovations, Chemicals to Membranes .................................................................894
7.12.11 Continuous Evolution of Regulations.......................................................................................894
8 WATER SERVICES SECTOR..............................................................................................................896
8.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................896
8.2 BUSINESS UPDATE: FROM THE C&E PERSPECTIVE, GROWTH IN THE WATER MARKET PROCEEDS ON
SEVERAL SUPPLY AND TREATMENT FRONTS .................................................................................................900
8.3 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET ......................................................................................................905
8.3.1 Market Segmentation By Client Type ...........................................................................................907
8.3.2 Market Segmentation by Sample Media Type...............................................................................910
8.3.3 Sample Volumes Grow But It Is Still A Tough & Competitive Business.......................................913
8.3.4 Still Spotty Market for Analytical Services ...................................................................................922
8.4 THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING & ENGINEERING MARKET........................................................927
8.4.1 2013 Review and 2014 Outlook................................................................................................927
8.4.2 Environmental C&E Markets by Environmental Media...............................................................932
8.4.3 Private/Public Customers.............................................................................................................934
8.4.4 Intra-Industry Clients ...................................................................................................................935
8.5 PROFILES OF WATER & WASTEWATER C&E COMPANIES .................................................................943
8.5.1 Wade Trim Group (2015) .............................................................................................................943
8.5.2 MWH Global ................................................................................................................................945
8.5.3 Kleinfelder ....................................................................................................................................948
8.5.4 Weston & Sampson.......................................................................................................................950
8.5.5 Apex Companies, LLC ..................................................................................................................953
8.5.6 Black & Veatch.............................................................................................................................955
8.5.7 AECOM ........................................................................................................................................958
8.5.8 Aquilogic.......................................................................................................................................962
8.5.9 O’Brien & Gere 2013 ...................................................................................................................964
8.5.10 O’Brien & Gere 2010...............................................................................................................966
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8.5.11 Tetra Tech ............................................................................................................................... 969
8.5.12 Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. (acquired by ARCADIS) ........................................................................ 974
8.5.13 Earth Tech ............................................................................................................................... 977
8.5.14 Aquatech International Corp................................................................................................... 980
8.5.15 WRS Infrastructure & Environment ........................................................................................ 983
8.5.16 Golder Associates.................................................................................................................... 985
8.5.17 Kennedy/Jenks ......................................................................................................................... 987
8.5.18 Gannett Fleming...................................................................................................................... 990
8.5.19 Greeley and Hansen ................................................................................................................ 992
8.5.20 Hatch Mott MacDonald 2013.................................................................................................. 994
8.5.21 Hatch Mott MacDonald 2010.................................................................................................. 997
8.5.22 Burns & McDonnell ................................................................................................................ 999
8.5.23 Michael Baker International (2015).......................................................................................1002
8.5.24 Michael Baker Corp. ..............................................................................................................1004
8.5.25 MWH Americas ......................................................................................................................1006
8.5.26 Carollo Engineers ..................................................................................................................1009
8.5.27 PBS&J ....................................................................................................................................1011
8.5.28 Camp Dresser & McKee ........................................................................................................1013
8.6 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUMENTATION .............................................................................................1016
8.6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1016
8.6.2 The Development of the Environmental Instrumentation Industry .............................................1016
8.6.3 2007 Environmental Instrument & Information Market .............................................................1018
8.6.4 Advances in GIS and Data Management in Water/Wastewater Markets ...................................1023
8.6.5 2005 Environmental Instrument & Information Market .............................................................1028
8.6.6 Instrument Profiles .....................................................................................................................1032
8.6.7 Overseas Markets For Environmental Instruments ....................................................................1046
8.7 CONTRACT OPERATIONS (O&M SERVICES).....................................................................................1050
8.7.1 ConOps/P3 Options ....................................................................................................................1051
8.7.2 Contract Operations ...................................................................................................................1053
8.7.3 ConOps: Current Market and Company Profiles .......................................................................1056
8.7.4 Contract Operations Profiles......................................................................................................1062
8.8 PRIVATIZATION: NEW PUBLIC/PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS (P3)...........................................................1073
8.8.1 2015: United Water Advances “P3” in the United States ..........................................................1073
8.8.2 The Municipal Perspective on P3 ...............................................................................................1075
8.8.3 Pros & Cons of P3......................................................................................................................1081
8.8.4 Executive Order 12083 ...............................................................................................................1082
1. Executive Summary
© 2015 ENVIRONMENTAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 11
List of Exhibits
EXHIBIT 1-1 THE U.S WATER INDUSTRY, 2011-2014 ..............................................................................22
EXHIBIT 2-1 THE U.S WATER INDUSTRY, 2011-2014 ..............................................................................52
EXHIBIT 2-2 THE U.S WATER INDUSTRY, 2007-2012 ..............................................................................53
EXHIBIT 2-3 ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY SEGMENTS .............................................................................54
EXHIBIT 2-4 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY: REVENUES BY MEDIA, 2003..........................................55
EXHIBIT 2-5 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY: REVENUES BY MEDIA, 2006..........................................55
EXHIBIT 2-6 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY: REVENUES BY MEDIA, 2010..........................................56
EXHIBIT 2-7 THE WATER NETWORK: A MODEL FOR INDUSTRY STRUCTURE............................................57
EXHIBIT 2-8 ANNUAL CHANGE IN WASTEWATER RATES FOR AVERAGE RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER (1986-2015)
66
EXHIBIT 2-9 EBJ’S TOP U.S. WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS COMPANIES: 2014 REVENUES ............66
EXHIBIT 2-10 EBJ’S TOP U.S. WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS COMPANIES: 2012 REVENUES ............67
EXHIBIT 2-11 THE U.S WATER INDUSTRY, 2011-2014 ..............................................................................70
EXHIBIT 2-12 LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY SEGMENTS: 2012 CENSUS
($BIL) 71
EXHIBIT 2-13 EBJ’S TOP 20 U.S. WATER C&E FIRMS IN 2010....................................................................71
EXHIBIT 2-14 THE U.S. WATER INDUSTRY IN 2010 ...................................................................................73
EXHIBIT 2-15 ENR’S TOP WATER COMPANIES IN 2010 ($MIL)..................................................................74
EXHIBIT 2-16 THE U.S. WATER INDUSTRY IN 2009 ...................................................................................86
EXHIBIT 2-17 IMPORTANCE OF MARKET DRIVERS TO STIMULATING EXPENDITURE ON WATER AND WASTEWATER
..............................................................................................................................................................88
EXHIBIT 2-18 EBJ WATER SURVEY RESPONSES: WHAT ARE THE MAJOR IMPACTS OF AN ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN
ON YOUR PORTION OF THE WATER/WASTEWATER INDUSTRY? ...............................................................89
EXHIBIT 2-19 CALIFORNIA WATER BOND PROGRAM ALLOCATION .........................................................103
EXHIBIT 2-20 WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION COVERAGE BY REGION, 2000.......................................151
EXHIBIT 2-21 DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION COVERAGE BY REGION IN 1990 AND 2002 ...............152
EXHIBIT 2-22 ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION BY REGION, 1990 AND 2002 (2006 UPDATE), TABLE I
............................................................................................................................................................152
EXHIBIT 2-23 ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION BY REGION, 1990 AND 2002 (2006 UPDATE), TABLE II
............................................................................................................................................................153
EXHIBIT 2-24 STATES WITH GREATEST FINANCIAL NEED FOR COMMUNITIES OF 10,000 OR FEWER PEOPLE,
AND THE PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL STATE NEED*.................................................................................157
EXHIBIT 2-25 U.S. WATER AND WASTEWATER RATE INCREASES AS COMPARED TO INFLATION.............161
EXHIBIT 2-26 TOP U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 1998..........................................164
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EXHIBIT 2-27 TOP U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2000 ..........................................165
EXHIBIT 2-28 TOP U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2002 ..............................................166
EXHIBIT 2-29 TOP U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2004 ..............................................167
EXHIBIT 2-30 TOP U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2007 & 2006..................................168
EXHIBIT 2-31 TOP U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES (BY GLOBAL WE&C REVENUES IN 2010)
169
EXHIBIT 2-32 THE U.S WATER INDUSTRY, 2005-2011 ............................................................................170
EXHIBIT 2-33 PERCENT WORLD POPULATIONS: WATER STRESS VS. INCOMES ........................................173
EXHIBIT 2-34 ENERGY IN THE U.S. WATER NETWORK ............................................................................175
EXHIBIT 2-35 WATER RECYCLING APPLICATIONS IN CALIFORNIA AND JAPAN ........................................198
EXHIBIT 2-36 PROJECTED WATER RECYCLING IN THE US .......................................................................198
EXHIBIT 2-37 PUBLIC SUPPLY VS. RECYCLED WASTEWATER IN THE US .................................................199
EXHIBIT 2-38 POTENTIAL FOR WATER RECYCLING .................................................................................199
EXHIBIT 2-39 WATER RECYCLING/REUSE MARKET LEADERS BY TECHNOLOGY.....................................202
EXHIBIT 2-40 U.S. WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT INDUSTRY STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION: 1995 TO 2005
214
EXHIBIT 2-41 TRADITIONAL VS. EMERGING TRENDS IN CONTRACTING PROJECT DELIVERY METHODS ..221
EXHIBIT 2-42 INTERNATIONAL WATER MARKETS, 2001..........................................................................230
EXHIBIT 2-43 INTERNATIONAL WATER MARKETS, 2004..........................................................................231
EXHIBIT 2-44 TOP TEN DESALINATION MARKETS (MIL M3/DAY OF NEW CAPACITY) ...............................256
EXHIBIT 2-45 HIGH-PURITY WATER EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS...................................................................261
EXHIBIT 2-2-46 ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE: MEASURES FOR PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES...269
EXHIBIT 2-47 2006 CANADIAN WATER INDUSTRY ($BIL)........................................................................273
EXHIBIT 2-48 IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT AND FUNDING ISSUES .....................................................278
EXHIBIT 2-49 GROWTH PROSPECTS BY CUSTOMER TYPE.............................................................................285
EXHIBIT 2-50 WATER INDUSTRY VALUE CHAIN - INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL CLIENTS.......................290
EXHIBIT 2-51 WATER COMMERCE MAP...................................................................................................291
EXHIBIT 2-52 EBI'S TECHNOLOGY CATEGORIES OF THE WATER INDUSTRY ............................................292
EXHIBIT 2-53 FITTING THE DISRUPTIVE MANAGEMENT TOOL TO THE TASK ...........................................295
EXHIBIT 2-54 WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES - PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE ................................296
EXHIBIT 2-55 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER BUSINESS TYPES AND END-USERS.................................305
EXHIBIT 2-56 DOMAINS OF INFLUENCE WITHIN PROSPECT COMPANIES MAPPED TO RESOURCE PRODUCTIVITY
POSITIONING STRATEGY......................................................................................................................310
EXHIBIT 2-57 THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE WATER NETWORK INTO TWO LAYERS ................................314
EXHIBIT 2-58 GENERIC ACQUISITION GROWTH STRATEGIES ...................................................................332
EXHIBIT 2-59 PROMINENT WATER INDUSTRY M&A TRANSACTIONS, 1999 - 2004..................................336
1. Executive Summary
© 2015 ENVIRONMENTAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 13
EXHIBIT 2-60 MAJOR SECONDARY DATA SOURCES USED IN THIS REPORT..............................................346
EXHIBIT 2-61 EBI’S INDUSTRY PARTICIPATION EXPERIENCE BY CATEGORY OF WORK ..........................347
EXHIBIT 2-62 EBJ WATER SURVEY RESPONSES: WHAT ARE THE MAJOR IMPACTS OF AN ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN
ON YOUR PORTION OF THE WATER/WASTEWATER INDUSTRY? .............................................................351
EXHIBIT 2-63 EBJ WATER SURVEY RESPONSES: HOW WILL PROSPECTS FOR GROWTH IN THE WATER AND
WASTEWATER INDUSTRY CHANGE IN A NEW U.S. PRESIDENTIAL ADMINISTRATION IN 2009?..............352
EXHIBIT 3-1 RANKING OF ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY CLIENT SECTORS IN 2012-2014.......................369
EXHIBIT 3-2 RANKING OF GROWTH PROSPECTS BY SERVICE/MEDIA CATEGORY: 2013-2014 ...............370
EXHIBIT 3-3 RANKING OF GROWTH PROSPECTS BY U.S. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: 2013-2014 .................371
EXHIBIT 3-4 RANKING OF GROWTH PROSPECTS BY GLOBAL GEOGRAPHIC REGION: 2013-2014 ................371
EXHIBIT 3-5 RANKING OF GROWTH PROSPECTS BY GLOBAL GEOGRAPHIC REGION: 2014 ....................372
EXHIBIT 3-6CLIENT SECTORS RATED BY SURVEY RESPONDENTS IN 2007...................................................373
EXHIBIT 3-7 THE CIRCULAR FLOW OF WATER RESOURCES .........................................................................375
EXHIBIT 3-8 THE FLOW OF REVENUES IN THE EMERGING WATER INDUSTRY ........................................376
EXHIBIT 3-9 FRESHWATER SOURCES AND END-USERS ..........................................................................383
EXHIBIT 3-10 U.S.: TOTAL WATER WITHDRAWALS BY SOURCE, 2000....................................................383
EXHIBIT 3-11 U.S.: TOTAL FRESH WATER WITHDRAWALS BY WATER-USE CATEGORY, 2000 ...............384
EXHIBIT 3-12 U.S.: TOTAL WATER WITHDRAWALS BY WATER-USE CATEGORY, 2000 ..........................384
EXHIBIT 3-13 IRRIGATION SOURCE AND DISPOSITION, 1995....................................................................386
EXHIBIT 3-14 IRRIGATION WATER WITHDRAWALS BY SOURCE, 2000.....................................................386
EXHIBIT 3-15 LIVESTOCK SOURCE AND DISPOSITION, 1995 ....................................................................387
EXHIBIT 3-16 LIVESTOCK WATER WITHDRAWALS, 2000..........................................................................387
EXHIBIT 3-17 THERMOELECTRIC POWER SOURCE AND DISPOSITION, 1995 .............................................389
EXHIBIT 3-18 THERMOELECTRIC-POWER WATER WITHDRAWALS, 2000, BY SOURCE AND TYPE...........389
EXHIBIT 3-19 POWER PLANT WATER TREATMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES...........................................392
EXHIBIT 3-20 WASTES GENERATED FROM A TYPICAL 1000 MW COAL-FIRED PLANT............................393
EXHIBIT 3-21 POWER PLANT WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES................................394
EXHIBIT 3-22 POWER PLANT WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES................................394
EXHIBIT 3-23 POWER INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENDITURES 2007, BY FUEL TYPE ......................396
EXHIBIT 3-24 U.S. DRINKING WATER SYSTEM SUMMARY: 2014 ............................................................399
EXHIBIT 3-25 TOP DOMESTIC & COMMERCIAL WATER USERS BY STATE ...............................................399
EXHIBIT 3-26 TOP DOMESTIC & COMMERCIAL WATER USERS VIA SELF-SUPPLIED WATER SYSTEMS, BY
STATE 400
EXHIBIT 3-27 MAJOR BOTTLED WATER COMPANIES...............................................................................400
EXHIBIT 3-28 U.S. LEADING BOTTLED WATER BRANDS: ........................................................................401
EXHIBIT 3-29 U.S. BOTTLED WATER MARKET, PRODUCER REVENUES, 2000 – 2006:.............................401
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EXHIBIT 3-30 INDUSTRIAL SOURCE AND DISPOSITION (SALINE & FRESH WATER), 1995 ........................406
EXHIBIT 3-31 INDUSTRIAL SELF-SUPPLIED WATER WITHDRAWALS, 2000 ..............................................406
EXHIBIT 3-32 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENDITURES BY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES (SIC CODE SYSTEM)409
EXHIBIT 3-33 SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT OPERATING COSTS, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)410
EXHIBIT 3-34 SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)
............................................................................................................................................................411
EXHIBIT 3-35 BREAKDOWN OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY (SIC CODE SYSTEM) .....................................413
EXHIBIT 3-36 CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT
OPERATING COSTS, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)......................................................................413
EXHIBIT 3-37 CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)............................................................414
EXHIBIT 3-38 TOP STATES FOR WATER EXPENDITURES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY.............................414
EXHIBIT 3-39 TOP STATES FOR WATER EXPENDITURES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY: POLLUTION ABATEMENT
OPERATING COSTS, 2005 ($MIL).........................................................................................................415
EXHIBIT 3-40 TOP STATES FOR WATER EXPENDITURES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY: POLLUTION ABATEMENT
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 ($MIL)................................................................................................415
EXHIBIT 3-41 TRI CHEMICAL DISPOSAL AND OTHER RELEASES, TOP 20 FACILITIES 2005 .....................422
EXHIBIT 3-42 TRI CHEMICAL DISPOSAL AND OTHER RELEASES, TOP 25 FACILITIES 2006 .....................423
EXHIBIT 3-43 BREAKDOWN OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY...............................................................................424
EXHIBIT 3-44 FOOD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT
OPERATING COSTS, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)......................................................................425
EXHIBIT 3-45 FOOD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)............................................................425
EXHIBIT 3-46 TOP STATES FOR WATER EXPENDITURES IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY.....................................426
EXHIBIT 3-47 TOP STATES FOR WATER EXPENDITURES IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY: POLLUTION ABATEMENT
OPERATING COSTS, 2005 ($MIL).........................................................................................................426
EXHIBIT 3-48 TOP STATES FOR WATER EXPENDITURES IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY: POLLUTION ABATEMENT
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 ($MIL)................................................................................................426
EXHIBIT 3-49 WATER USE & RECYCLING EFFORTS BY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY .............................429
EXHIBIT 3-50 WATER DISCHARGED BY PETROLEUM & COAL PRODUCTS INDUSTRY...............................429
EXHIBIT 3-51 BREAKDOWN OF THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY ....................................................................430
EXHIBIT 3-52 PETROLEUM & COAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION
ABATEMENT OPERATING COSTS, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL).................................................430
EXHIBIT 3-53 PETROLEUM & COAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION
ABATEMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL).......................................430
EXHIBIT 3-54 PETROLEUM INDUSTRY WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (1995 EST.)431
1. Executive Summary
© 2015 ENVIRONMENTAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 15
EXHIBIT 3-55 POLLUTION ABATEMENT EXPENDITURES IN THE PETROLEUM & COAL INDUSTRY ............432
EXHIBIT 3-56 POLLUTION ABATEMENT EXPENDITURES IN THE PETROLEUM & COAL INDUSTRY RELATED TO
“WATER” 432
EXHIBIT 3-57 POLLUTION ABATEMENT OPERATING COSTS IN PETROLEUM & COAL MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRY, TOP STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)..............................................................432
EXHIBIT 3-58 POLLUTION ABATEMENT OPERATING COSTS RELATED TO WATER IN PETROLEUM & COAL
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, TOP STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL) ................................433
EXHIBIT 3-59 POLLUTION ABATEMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES IN PETROLEUM & COAL MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRY, TOP STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)..............................................................433
EXHIBIT 3-60 POLLUTION ABATEMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES RELATED TO WATER IN PETROLEUM & COAL
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, TOP STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL) ................................434
EXHIBIT 3-61 DECLINE OF TRI VOLUME AND FACILITIES 1988-2005......................................................435
EXHIBIT 3-62 WATER DISCHARGED BY PAPER & ALLIED PRODUCTS INDUSTRY.....................................437
EXHIBIT 3-63 BREAKDOWN OF THE PAPER & ALLIED PRODUCTS INDUSTRY...........................................438
EXHIBIT 3-64 PAPER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT
OPERATING COSTS, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL) .....................................................................438
EXHIBIT 3-65 PAPER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, MAIN SEGMENTS: SUMMARY POLLUTION ABATEMENT
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)............................................................439
EXHIBIT 3-66 PULP & PAPER INDUSTRY WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (1995 EST.)439
EXHIBIT 3-67 POLLUTION ABATEMENT EXPENDITURES IN THE PAPER & ALLIED PRODUCTS INDUSTRY.440
EXHIBIT 3-68 POLLUTION ABATEMENT EXPENDITURES IN THE PAPER & ALLIED PRODUCTS INDUSTRY
RELATED TO “WATER” ........................................................................................................................440
EXHIBIT 3-69 POLLUTION ABATEMENT OPERATING COSTS IN PAPER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, TOP
STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL) .......................................................................................440
EXHIBIT 3-70 POLLUTION ABATEMENT OPERATING COSTS RELATED TO WATER IN PAPER MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRY, TOP STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL)..............................................................441
EXHIBIT 3-71 POLLUTION ABATEMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES IN PAPER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, TOP
STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL) .......................................................................................442
EXHIBIT 3-72 POLLUTION ABATEMENT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES RELATED TO WATER IN PAPER
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, TOP STATES, 2005 (NAIC CODE SYSTEM, $MIL) ................................442
EXHIBIT 3-73 NUMBER OF ALL TYPES OF LANDFILLS BY TYPE OF FACILITY...........................................445
EXHIBIT 3-74 NUMBER OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILL UNITS BY TYPE OF LEACHATE MANAGEMENT
PRACTICE AND OPERATING STATUS ....................................................................................................446
EXHIBIT 3-75 REMEDIATION MARKET BREAKDOWN, 2006 .....................................................................451
EXHIBIT 3-76 REMEDIATION MARKET BREAKDOWN, 2010 .....................................................................451
EXHIBIT 3-77 PROJECTED GROWTH IN THE U.S. SITE REMEDIATION MARKET ........................................452
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EXHIBIT 3-78 NUMBER OF TECHNOLOGIES USED IN REMEDIATION PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION, 2007
453
EXHIBIT 3-79 GROUNDWATER TREATMENT METHODS USED IN SITE REMEDIATION, 2007 .....................454
EXHIBIT 3-80 GROUNDWATER TREATMENT METHODS USED IN SITE REMEDIATION, 2010 .....................455
EXHIBIT 4-1 WATER UNITS AND USES ...................................................................................................459
EXHIBIT 4-2 PRESSURE STATE RESPONSE MODEL USED TO CRAFT SUSTAINABLE INTERNATIONAL POLICY
476
EXHIBIT 4-3 WATER DISCONTINUITY CATEGORIES................................................................................477
EXHIBIT 4-4 QUANTITY: WATER STRESS ...............................................................................................478
EXHIBIT 4-5 WORLD POPULATIONS: WATER STRESS VS. INCOMES........................................................479
EXHIBIT 4-6 PERCENT OF WORLD POPULATION AT VARIOUS STRESS LEVELS.......................................480
EXHIBIT 4-7 CURRENT AND PROJECTED WATER STRESS AND INCOME LEVELS OF REPRESENTATIVE COUNTRIES
481
EXHIBIT 4-8 WATER RIGHTS MARKET, 2003-2012 ................................................................................482
EXHIBIT 4-9 AVERAGE U.S. WATER PRICES IN 2002 .............................................................................483
EXHIBIT 4-10 U.S. WHOLESALE WATER MARKET SIZE ESTIMATE ..........................................................484
EXHIBIT 4-11 THE WATER NETWORK: A MODEL FOR INDUSTRY STRUCTURE ..........................................485
EXHIBIT 4-12 U.S. WHOLESALE WATER MARKET SIZE ESTIMATE ..........................................................486
EXHIBIT 4-13 WATER RIGHTS PRICING TRENDS ......................................................................................487
EXHIBIT 4-14 WATER ASSETS OF WESTERN WATER................................................................................509
EXHIBIT 4-15 PROPOSED WATER QUALITY GRADING SYSTEM ................................................................517
EXHIBIT 5-1 E-BUSINESS/COMMERCE DISCONTINUITIES POTENTIALLY GENERATED AND RESOLVED*.529
EXHIBIT 5-2 CHECKPOINTS ON THE WATER INDUSTRY E-BUSINESS/COMMERCE ROADMAP TO THE FUTURE
534
EXHIBIT 5-3 ADVANCED COMMUNICATION MARKET SIZE - 2002 ESTIMATE*.......................................543
EXHIBIT 5-4 MAIN WATER NETWORK/SYSTEM LEVELS ........................................................................547
EXHIBIT 5-5 ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS SOLUTIONS ROADMAP......................................................553
EXHIBIT 5-6 WATER TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS ROADMAP....................................................................554
EXHIBIT 6-1 REVENUE GENERATION IN WATER UTILITIES AND WTWS 1993- 2011 .............................578
EXHIBIT 6-2 WATER COMMERCE MAP...................................................................................................579
EXHIBIT 6-3 THE CIRCULAR FLOW OF WATER RESOURCES ...................................................................598
EXHIBIT 6-4 THE FLOW OF REVENUES IN THE EMERGING WATER INDUSTRY ........................................599
EXHIBIT 6-5 RATE OF INCREASE IN WATER AND WASTEWATER CHARGES VS INFLATION .....................601
EXHIBIT 6-6 AMSA SEWERAGE INDEX: ANNUAL SERVICE CHARGE CHANGE FOR SEWER RATES ...........602
EXHIBIT 6-7 COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEMS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1991 ...........................................611
EXHIBIT 6-8 NUMBER OF WATER SYSTEMS BY OWNERSHIP AND PRIMARY SOURCE OF WATER, 2000..612
1. Executive Summary
© 2015 ENVIRONMENTAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 17
EXHIBIT 6-9 OVERVIEW OF NEEDS BY SYSTEM SIZE AND TYPE (IN BILLIONS OF JANUARY 2003 DOLLARS)612
EXHIBIT 6-10 TOTAL WATER WITHDRAWAL BY USERS AND APPROXIMATE NUMBERS OF USERS..........614
EXHIBIT 6-11 U.S.: TOTAL WATER WITHDRAWALS BY WATER-USE CATEGORY, 2000 ..........................614
EXHIBIT 6-12 WATER UTILITIES’ REVENUES BY USER GROUP ................................................................616
EXHIBIT 6-13 TOTAL WATER UTILITY REVENUES BY END-USER............................................................617
EXHIBIT 6-14 WATER UTILITIES’ REVENUES ...........................................................................................618
EXHIBIT 6-15 ELEMENTS OF OTHER WATER AND NON-WATER RELATED REVENUES .............................618
EXHIBIT 6-16 U.S. WATER UTILITY REVENUES BY REVENUE TYPE ........................................................618
EXHIBIT 6-17 PUBLIC & INDUSTRIAL WATER CONSUMPTION BY STATE .................................................619
EXHIBIT 6-18 TOP TEN STATES BY NUMBER OF FACILITIES IN AWWA WATER INDUSTRY DATABASE ..620
EXHIBIT 6-19 MAJOR PUBLICLY-TRADED WATER UTILITIES, 2000.........................................................623
EXHIBIT 6-20 MAJOR PUBLICLY-TRADED WATER UTILITIES, 2004.........................................................624
EXHIBIT 6-21 TYPES OF ENTITIES THAT OWN AND OPERATE 187 OF THE LARGEST RESERVOIRS IN TEXAS659
EXHIBIT 6-22 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY: REVENUES BY MEDIA, 2006........................................661
EXHIBIT 6-23 RATE OF INCREASE OF WATER & WASTEWATER CHARGES VS. INFLATION .......................663
EXHIBIT 6-24 TREATMENT FACILITIES IN OPERATION .............................................................................664
EXHIBIT 6-25 TREATMENT FACILITIES IN OPERATION WHEN NEEDS ARE MET ......................................664
EXHIBIT 6-26 SOURCES OF REVENUE FOR POTW FACILITIES (1999, 1996 & 1992) ................................666
EXHIBIT 6-27 SOURCES OF REVENUE FOR POTW FACILITIES IN 2005.....................................................667
EXHIBIT 6-28 EXPENDITURES FOR POTW FACILITIES IN 2005 ................................................................667
EXHIBIT 6-29 RESIDENTIAL WATER USE & WASTEWATER VOLUMES.....................................................668
EXHIBIT 6-30 RATE STRUCTURES USED BY POTWS FOR RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS ..............................668
EXHIBIT 6-31 BILLING FREQUENCIES FOR RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS (1999) ......................................669
EXHIBIT 6-32 RESIDENTIAL BILLING FREQUENCIES VS. ANNUAL SERVICE CHARGE (1999 COMPARED TO
PREVIOUS SURVEY YEARS) ..................................................................................................................669
EXHIBIT 6-33 RATES FOR TREATING INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER (1999, WITH 1996 AND 1993 COMPARISONS)
670
EXHIBIT 6-34 SURCHARGE LIMITS FOR BOD & TSS (1999) ....................................................................671
EXHIBIT 6-35 BILLING FREQUENCIES FOR INDUSTRIAL USERS, 1999.......................................................671
EXHIBIT 6-36 EXPENDITURES BY POTW FACILITIES (1999 & 1996 COMPARISON) .................................672
EXHIBIT 6-37 NEEDS FOR POTW FACILITIES...........................................................................................673
EXHIBIT 6-38 TOP STATES FOR DOCUMENTED NEEDS BY POTW’S.........................................................674
EXHIBIT 6-39 LEVEL OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY POTWS............................................................675
EXHIBIT 6-40 WASTEWATER SOURCES (1999).........................................................................................677
EXHIBIT 6-41 WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT CAPITAL SPENDING (1999) .....................................................679
EXHIBIT 6-42 REVENUES AND POPULATION SERVED OF SELECTED POTWS IN 2005 ..............................680
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EXHIBIT 6-43 PROJECTED WATER REUSE IN THE US ...............................................................................687
EXHIBIT 6-44 PUBLIC SUPPLY VS. RECYCLED WASTEWATER IN THE US .................................................687
EXHIBIT 7-1 WATER COMMERCE MAP...................................................................................................699
EXHIBIT 7-2 THE U.S. WATER INDUSTRY, 2010.....................................................................................700
EXHIBIT 7-3 THE U.S WATER INDUSTRY, 2003-2010 ............................................................................701
EXHIBIT 7-4 STRUCTURE OF THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT MARKET IN THE UNITED STATES............709
EXHIBIT 7-5 TENDENCY OF USERS TO MAKE/BUY/HIRE IN EACH SEGMENT OF THE WATER AND WASTEWATER
TREATMENT MARKET..........................................................................................................................711
EXHIBIT 7-6 WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM SIZE EXAMPLES ..........................................715
EXHIBIT 7-7 U.S. WASTEWATER SYSTEM SUMMARY: 2014...................................................................715
EXHIBIT 7-8 SALES CHANNELS IN THE MUNICIPAL WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT MARKET........717
EXHIBIT 7-9 SALES CHANNELS IN THE INDUSTRIAL & REMEDIATION WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT
MARKET 718
EXHIBIT 7-10 GENERAL TREATMENT STREAM CHARACTERISTICS...........................................................720
EXHIBIT 7-11 WATER/WASTEWATER INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES, 2001-2011 .............................722
EXHIBIT 7-12 WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT, 2000-2006....................................................................723
EXHIBIT 7-13 WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT MARKET........................................................................728
EXHIBIT 7-14 DELIVERY EQUIPMENT AND TREATMENT CHEMICALS MARKET, 2005 ..............................730
EXHIBIT 7-15 WATER SERVICES, CONSULTING & ENGINEERING SEGMENTS 2006...................................732
EXHIBIT 7-16 GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES WATER INDUSTRY, 2004-2010 ($MILLIONS) ................733
EXHIBIT 7-17 2007 EBJ SURVEY: IMPORTANCE OF MARKET DRIVERS TO STIMULATING EXPENDITURE ON
WATER AND WASTEWATER: RANKED .................................................................................................734
EXHIBIT 7-18 2007 EBJ SURVEY: IMPORTANCE OF MARKET DRIVERS TO STIMULATING EXPENDITURE ON
WATER AND WASTEWATER: TOTAL RESPONSES .................................................................................735
EXHIBIT 7-19 CATEGORIES OF WATER/WASTEWATER SEPARATION AND DESTRUCTION TREATMENT
TECHNOLOGIES....................................................................................................................................742
EXHIBIT 7-20 USE PREFERENCES FOR WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES ...................744
EXHIBIT 7-21 HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE TOP 10 WATER COMPANIES, 1993 TO 2000..........................746
EXHIBIT 7-22 VALUE OF THE MARKET FOR ADVANCED MUNICIPAL WATER TREATMENTS, 2002-2011 .748
EXHIBIT 7-23 FORECAST OF U.S. WATER RECYCLING AND REUSE INDUSTRY REVENUE, THROUGH 2010 ($MIL)
748
EXHIBIT 7-24 HIGH-PURITY WATER EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS...................................................................752
EXHIBIT 7-25 SEPARATION EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2004......................................................................755
EXHIBIT 7-26 DESTRUCTION/DISINFECTION EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2004............................................757
EXHIBIT 7-27 TOP CONTRACTING FIRMS BY REVENUES RELATED TO WATER, 2000 ...............................764
EXHIBIT 7-28 TOP 20 CONTRACTORS IN WATER SUPPLY, 2008...............................................................765
1. Executive Summary
© 2015 ENVIRONMENTAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 19
EXHIBIT 7-29 ENR’S TOP WATER COMPANIES IN 2010...........................................................................765
EXHIBIT 7-30 NOTABLE NORTH AMERICAN WATER DEALS OF 2012 ....................................................769
EXHIBIT 7-31 WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS COMPANY REVENUES, 2006.......................................775
EXHIBIT 7-32 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 1993.......................................776
EXHIBIT 7-33 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 1995.......................................778
EXHIBIT 7-34 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2000 .........................779
EXHIBIT 7-35 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS (WEC) COMPANIES,
2004 780
EXHIBIT 7-36 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2004 ..................781
EXHIBIT 7-37 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER DELIVERY EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, 2004......................782
EXHIBIT 7-38 TOP WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS COMPANIES, 2004 ..................782
EXHIBIT 7-39 TOP WEC EXPORTERS, 2004 .............................................................................................783
EXHIBIT 7-40 TOP U.S WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICAL COMPANIES IN 2005 ......................................784
EXHIBIT 7-41 TOP U.S WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICAL COMPANIES IN 2006 ......................................785
EXHIBIT 7-42 TOP U.S WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICAL COMPANIES (LISTED BY GLOBAL WE&C REVENUES IN
2010) 786
EXHIBIT 7-43 U.S. WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT MARKETS......................................855
EXHIBIT 7-44 U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS MARKETS BY END USER, 2004 - 2005856
EXHIBIT 7-45 U.S. WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS MARKETS MATRIX: EQUIPMENT
SEGMENTS BY END USER, 2004...........................................................................................................856
EXHIBIT 7-46 WATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICALS MARKET REVENUES BY STATE (2000).......................857
EXHIBIT 7-47 WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT ONLY, MARKET REVENUES BY STATE (2000)...............858
EXHIBIT 7-48 TOP TEN STATE WATER/WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT & CHEMICAL MARKETS (2000) .......859
EXHIBIT 7-49 EXAMPLES OF ODOR CONTROL APPLICATIONS..................................................................860
EXHIBIT 7-50 WATER RECYCLING/REUSE MARKET LEADERS BY TECHNOLOGY.....................................873
EXHIBIT 7-51 TOP TEN DESALINATION MARKETS (MIL M3/DAY OF NEW CAPACITY)...............................887
EXHIBIT 7-52 GLOBAL DESALINATION MARKET (MIL M3/DAY OF NEW CAPACITY) .................................890
EXHIBIT 7-53 TREND TOWARD CLOSED LOOP AUTOMATED SYSTEMS ....................................................892
EXHIBIT 8-1 U.S. WATER & WASTEWATER INDUSTRY, 2002-2014 .......................................................897
EXHIBIT 8-2 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY: REVENUES BY MEDIA, 2010........................................898
EXHIBIT 8-3 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET, 1970-2020 ...................................................................907
EXHIBIT 8-4 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET SEGMENTATION BY CLIENT TYPE 2010.........................908
EXHIBIT 8-5 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET SEGMENTATION BY CLIENT TYPE (DETAIL)..................909
EXHIBIT 8-6 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET BY SAMPLE MEDIA, 2003..............................................911
EXHIBIT 8-7 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET BY SAMPLE MEDIA, 2010..............................................911
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EXHIBIT 8-8 ANALYTICAL SERVICES MARKET BY SAMPLE MEDIA AND CLIENT TYPE, 1995, 2000, 2003, 2005,
2007 AND 2010....................................................................................................................................913
EXHIBIT 8-9 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL LAB MARKET, 2003.......................................................................914
EXHIBIT 8-10 TOP U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL LABS, 2003.............................................................................916
EXHIBIT 8-11 TOP U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL LABS, 2005.............................................................................917
EXHIBIT 8-12 TOP U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL LAB COMPANIES, 2008, TABLE I ............................................918
EXHIBIT 8-13 TOP U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL LAB COMPANIES, 2008, TABLE II...........................................919
EXHIBIT 8-14 TOP U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL LAB COMPANIES, 2010...........................................................920
EXHIBIT 8-15 U.S. VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION PUT IN PLACE, 1993-2018E ($BIL)...................................931
EXHIBIT 8-16 U.S. C&E MARKET BY MEDIA TYPE, 2010-2015E............................................................934
EXHIBIT 8-17 U.S. C&E MARKET BY CUSTOMER 2009-2015E ($MILLION).............................................935
EXHIBIT 8-18 ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY SEGMENT INTERACTIONS .....................................................937
EXHIBIT 8-19 THE TOP WATER & WASTEWATER C&E FIRMS 2010........................................................937
EXHIBIT 8-20 TOP 20 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING & ENGINEERING FIRMS; RANKED BY REVENUES FROM
WASTE WATER SECTOR CLIENTS, 2005 ..............................................................................................939
EXHIBIT 8-21 THE TOP WATER & WASTEWATER CONSULTING FIRMS, 2003 ..........................................940
EXHIBIT 8-22 THE TOP WATER & WASTEWATER CONSULTING FIRMS, 2000 ..........................................941
EXHIBIT 8-23 THE TOP WATER & WASTEWATER CONSULTING FIRMS, 1993 ..........................................942
EXHIBIT 8-24 GLOBAL INSTRUMENT MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007..................................................1016
EXHIBIT 8-25 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUMENT MARKET BY MEDIA .......................................................1017
EXHIBIT 8-26 TOP 30 ANALYTICAL AND LIFE SCIENCE INSTRUMENT COMPANIES, 2005.......................1030
EXHIBIT 8-27 2007 ANALYTICAL AND LIFE SCIENCE INSTRUMENTATION INDUSTRY DEMAND .................1031
EXHIBIT 8-28 COMPARING AND CONTRASTING THE AVAILABLE PRIVATIZATION OPTIONS...............1051
EXHIBIT 8-29 U.S. WATER/WASTEWATER CONOPS MARKET, 1993-2006.............................................1056
EXHIBIT 8-30 LEADING U.S. WATER/WASTEWATER CONOPS FIRMS, 1994-2004 .................................1057
EXHIBIT 8-31 U.S. WATER/WASTEWATER CONOPS MARKET, 2001 AND 2004 .....................................1058