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WATERTIME. Sustainability and participation in the urban water cycle
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Transcript of WATERTIME. Sustainability and participation in the urban water cycle
WATERTIME.Sustainability and participation in the urban
water cycle
Jordi Molina
Director of the Agbar Foundation
Cordoba, 2nd of October 2003
INDEX
Short presentation of the AGBAR Group AGBAR’s commitment to Sustainability Sustainability in the Urban Water Cycle Management, Control and Participation in the Urban Water
Cycle
Water sector
Health sector
Waste and Construction
sector
Inspection and Certification
AGUAS DE BARCELONA
AGBAR
LogisticsLogistics
CollectionCollection
Over 200 companies
Developing Business
Engineering and
Maintenance
Engineering and
Maintenance
SPAIN
MOROCCO
PORTUGAL
USACUBA
COSTA RICA
CHILEURUGUAY
ARGENTINACOLOMBIA
BRAZIL
Corporate supply and logistics
Engineering
Collection of charges
Construction
Maintenance
Integral water cycle
Health insurance
Solid waste
Technical vehicle inspection
PRESENCE OF THE AGBAR GROUP IN THE WORLD
MEXICO CHINA
INTEGRAL WATER CYCLE 32.8%
SOLID WASTE AND CONSTRUCTION 28.6%
28,6HEALTHCARE 25.2%
INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION 5.2%
DEVELOPING BUSINESSES 8.2%
AGBAR GROUP.DIVERSIFICATION TO DRIVE GROWTH
AGBAR. HR
EMPLOYEES : EMPLOYEES : 46,00046,000
SPANISH PEOPLE ABROAD :SPANISH PEOPLE ABROAD : 6060
TRAINING :TRAINING : 86.4 % Staff - annually86.4 % Staff - annually
0.7% Total hours worked0.7% Total hours worked
AGBAR’S COMMITMENT TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
MILESTONES AND STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL DECLARATION, 1995 ASSISTANT MANAGEMENT TO GENERAL MANAGEMENT, 1995 ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE (INTER-SECTOR), 1995 ENVIRONMENT OFFICE (HOLDING), 1995 AGBAR FOUNDATION (CENTRE OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
AND RESEARCH), 1998 AGBAR FOUNDATION REPORT AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ACTIVITIES, 1999 ENVIRONMENTAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT
COORDINATION MANAGEMENT, 2000 CODE OF ETHICS, 2002 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT, 2003
INFORMATION, TRAINING AND COMMUNICATION.COMMUNITY RELATIONS
BASIC IDEAS
AGBAR’s commitmentQuality service:
Environment
ClientsInform and raise public awareness concerning the
sustainable use of resources
Co-responsibility with the public administration
SUSTAINABLE COMPANY
F IN A N C IA L S T R A T E G Y E N V IR O N M E N T A L S T R A T E G Y S O C IA L S T R A T E G Y
C O D E O F V A L U E S
V IS IO N
M IS S IO N
SUSTAINABILITY OBJECTIVES
ECONOMIC/ FINANCIAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
SOCIAL
OWN GROWTH AND ASSOCIATED LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
ECO-EFFICIENCY IN RESOURCE CONSUMPTION
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL GROWTH AND SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES
SOLVENCY (PERMANENCE)
MINIMISATION AND REVALUATION OF WASTE
CONTRIBUTION TO IMPROVING SOCIETY
INTEGRATING ALL INTEREST GROUPS
ACTIONS IN THE ECONOMIC/FINANCIAL AREA
Introducing the concept of sustainable development in strategic and investment decisions.
Internalising the environmental impact generated in strategic and investment decisions.
Drawing up the Sustainability Report Introducing sustainability indicators in economic decision-
making. Introducing sustainability indicators in investment
decisions.
ACTIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL AREA
Introducing the concept of eco-efficiency in internal processes and resource use.
Lengthening the life cycle of products and materials. Introducing internally the sustainable use of resources and
technology in processes and activities (environmental management systems).
Focus research, development and innovation on promoting a more sustainable use of resources and technology.
Reducing the impact of our activities on nature.
ACTIONS IN THE SOCIAL AREA I
Guaranteeing employee health and safety.
Respecting and protecting the human rights of employees and guaranteeing equal opportunities.
Respecting and protecting cultural diversity in companies.
Promoting team creativity and innovation with greater investment in training.
Acting transparently, offering information on activities to interest groups and society at large.
Contributing to economic and social development in cohesion with the communities where the company operates.
ACTIONS IN THE SOCIAL AREA II
Spreading technological and environmental knowledge in the scientific community and society.
Placing company know-how at the disposal of social cooperation projects.
Promoting participation in business decision-making when affecting the community where the company operates.
Collaborating in spreading technological and environmental knowledge in the scientific community and society.
Contributing with company know-how in social cooperation projects.
CONTROL PANEL
STRATEGIC LINES
CLEAR OBJECTIVES
SPECIFIC INDICATORS
SCHEDULING
PERIODIC CHECKS
CONTROL AREAS
INTERIORPRODUCTION
MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTKNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENTTECHNOLOGICAL
MANAGEMENTHR MANAGEMENT
EXTERIORLEGAL COMPLIANCECLIENT RELATIONSSUPPLIER RELATIONSSOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
INDICATORS
INTERNAL PROJECTION, aimed at:
PRODUCT OR SERVICE
(Quality, eco-efficiency, management)
EMPLOYEES (Consubstantial)
EXTERNAL PROJECTION, aimed at:
SHAREHOLDERS
(Consubstantial)CLIENTS
(Contractual)COMMUNITY
(Contextual)SUPPLIERS
(Contractual)
INDICATORS
SECTOR-RELATEDNo. ENVIRONMENTAL
INCIDENTS% ANALYTICAL
CONFORMITY% SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE% SYSTEM USE% WATER RE-USED% SLUDGE VALUATIONDBO5 REDUCTION
DSU REDUCTION
% CERTIFICATION
SUSTAINABILITYTRAINING:
% EMPLOYEES, HOURSSAFETY:
FREQUENCY AND GRAVITY OF ACCIDENTS
ENERGY:CONSUMPTION/UNIT
MATERIAL RECYCLING ENVIRONMENTAL
INVESTMENT AND EXPENSES
R&D INVESTMENT AND EXPENSES
SPONSORSHIP
Internal analysis: quality indicators•Composition of water supplied to network•Smell and taste of water distributed•Compliance with standard pressures•Reliability (number of interruptions)•Absence of meter reading, estimated readings and
substitutive bills.•Treatment of queries and complaints (type and %
abandonment)
External analysis•Client meetings•Data mining•Recall rate in media (number appearances, %
positive and negative news items)•Context analysis: actions by other utilities
How is it explained?
SERVICE QUALITY AND CLIENT SATISFACTION ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
Internal resultInternal result
Internal indicatorsInternal indicators
Satisfaction surveySatisfaction survey
External result. ISCExternal result. ISC
EXTERNALCONTEXT
EXTERNALCONTEXT
INTERNALCONTEXT
INTERNALCONTEXT
Client service processes
Client service processes
Service attributes perceivable by client
Service attributes perceivable by client
SERVICE QUALITY AND CLIENT SATISFACTION MEASURING SERVICE QUALITY
CLIENT SATISFACTION RATE MODEL (ISC)
AGBAR FOUNDATION.Objectives and strategy
OBJECTIVES Encourage the conservation
and protection of the environment
Spread knowledge Improve people’s quality of
life
STRATEGY Prevention Research Training Awareness raising Socio-cultural actions Own programmes or in
collaboration but with significant participation of the Foundation
AGBAR FOUNDATIONACTIVITIES
SPREADING OF KNOWLEDGECreation of an archive of relevant informationOrganisation of congresses and seminars, publicationsAgreements with universities for training programmes TECHNOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT
(R&D&I)– Coordination and promotion of environmental research projects– Grants to carry out projects– Agreements to transfer of technology– Other
SOCIAL AREA – Socio-cultural sponsorship– Water Museum – Clikasalud
WATER RESOURCES
DEMAND MANAGEMENT
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
LEGISLATION AND
REGULATIONS
APPLICABLE TECHNOLOGY
USER AWARENESS
RAISING
ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES
INTEGRAL BASIN MANAGEMENT
Eco-efficiency indicators
Management indicators
WATER SUSTAINABILITY
ECONOMY SOCIETY
ENVIRONMENT
ViablePractical
Fair
SD
Sustainable Development
Total economic value
Values of use Non-use values
Direct use values:
Harvests
Productive woodland
Tourism
Leisure
Ecological function values:
Flood control
Climate
Nutrient cycles
Optional values:
New
Technology
Pharma. products
Resource replacements
Existence values:
Satisfaction due to existence and availability of resources
Future values:
For future generations
VARIOUS TYPES OF ECONOMIC VALUES SOMETIMES ASSIGNED TO WATER AND OTHER NATURAL RESOURCES
Source: Sustainability Criteria for Water Resource Systems
Demand Management Indicators
WATER CONSUMPTION PER PRODUCT UNIT
ENERGY CONSUMED PER PRODUCT UNIT
WASTE PRODUCED PER PRODUCT UNIT
The application of Eco-efficiency in Water
Management
• Environmental incidents
• Quality indicators
• Quality depending on use
• Coverage of treatment
• Advanced management of urban drainage
• Conservation and recovery of aquifers
• System performance
• System use
• Percentage of water re-use
• Percentage of re-use of biosolids produced
Resource Management Indicators
Eco-efficiency is the optimum use of resources to produce a good or service with the lowest environmental impact possible
VALUE OF THE SERVICE OR PRODUCT
INCIDENCE ON ENVIRONMENT
Eco-efficiency
ECO-EFFICIENCY IN WATER MANAGEMENT
• Environmental uses
• Domestic uses
• Municipal uses
• Industrial uses
• Agricultural uses
INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMMES
OBJECTIVES :OBJECTIVES :
Take on responsibility for the overall water distribution systemTake on responsibility for the overall water distribution system
Control user consumptionControl user consumption
Take on responsibility for the systems available to reduce Take on responsibility for the systems available to reduce losseslosses
Automatic Alert Station (SAICA network) Automatic Alert Station (SAICA network)
Example of the Barcelona real-time waste water control system
RAIN GAUGE
METEOROLOGICAL RADAR DEPTH GAUGE
RTC
QUALITY STATION
RETENTION GATE
RETENTION TANK
CONTROL CENTRE
RAIN GAUGE
DEPTH GAUGE
PRESSURE GAUGE
PUMPING STATION
GATE
RETENTION TANK
QUALITY CONTROL STATION
TREATMENT PLANT
CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY OF AQUIFERS
Graph showing exploitation of the Llobregat River
Annual Volume
Annual volume extracted from aquifer
Annual volume extracted from aquiferTotal annual volume topped up
Annual volume artificial topping upAnnual volume direct topping up
Organic macro-molecules
ColloidsOrganic
compounds
Bacteria Virus
Pollen Yeast
Dissolved salts
Hair Red globule
Smaller micro-organism
Poliomyelitis virus Inverse osmosis
Nanofiltration
Ultrafiltration
Microfiltration
Sand filter
100μ 10μ 1μ 0,1μ 0,01μ 0,001μ 0,0001μ
Membrane classification
Source: J. Cantó; F. Luque. AGBAR
CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY OF AQUIFERS
EFFICIENCY PROGRAMMES
OBJECTIVES :
Take on responsibility for reducing consumption technically.
Activity Total Initial
Consumption
% savings
expected
Total consumption
(with savings
mechanisms)
Washing hands 15 30 % 11
Flushing toilet 60 40 % 36
Shower 50 40 % 30
Bidet 20 30 % 14
Washing machine 26 20 % 21
Dishwasher 7 20 % 5
Cleaning/drinking/cooking 10 30 % 7
TOTAL (l/person.day) 188 124
TOTAL % SAVINGS 35
Source: F. Mendaza. EMUASA
SAVINGS IN WATER CONSUMPTIONSAVINGS IN WATER CONSUMPTION
SAVINGS PROGRAMMES
OBJECTIVES :
Reduction in consumption by means of citizen awareness raising programmes
Reduction in consumption by means of tariff programmes
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
IMPROVEMENTSCommunication campaign:Quality attribute
• Eradicate doubts concerning sanitary water.
• Explain where water comes from.
PRICING AND FINANCING
Contradictory constraints upgrade and maintain infrastructures balance budgets fewer subsidies water framework directive and cost recovery
... and keep water affordable
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PRICE OF WATER
Environmental costs
Financial costs
Resourcecosts
Water demand management Water tariff
policies Price of
water
Taxes and duty
(not water)
Water bill
Social sustainability
Environmental sustainability
Economic sustainability
Educationalcampaigns
Tariffs
Technological aspects
Cost recovery
Tax
+
+
Water consumption
Consumer information
Economicaspects
REPLACEMENT PROGRAMMES
OBJECTIVES :
Encourage the replacement of drinking water with water from other sources of lesser quality according to use.
POSSIBILITY OF RE-USE
General coming from treatment plants
Individual consisting of regenerating / re-using water directly in the sanitary circuits of users’ homes
Water and Biosolids
A COMMON EUROPEAN BACKGROUND...
Organisationof water services
is public and local
Water is a common good:it belongs to the community
Access to the serviceis a basic human right
A VERY SPECIFIC ISSUE
LEGAL FRAMEWORKS
... FACING CHANGES
LEGAL FRAMEWORKS
New period for water services
infrastructures to be upgraded / new norms to enforceheavy investments
develop customer oriented policiesnew culture
Consequence: recent and ongoing reforms in several countries
clarify the role of the different actors
reorganisation / modernisation of water serviceswater companies; private sector participationnew rules for setting prices
ISSUES EMERGING IN CONNECTION WITH PRIVATE PARTICIPATION...
DEBATES & TRENDS
1- Regulation and control
2- Efficiency - Quality of the service
3- Pricing - Financing
4- Water services as an industry
... INCLUDE ALL OPERATORS
REGULATION AND CONTROL
DEBATES & TRENDS
Key issue in several countries
private participation enlightens the need for regulationwhat degree of regulation? at what scale?integrate environmental and health aspects?prerequisite for efficiency whatever the operator's statushow to enhance competition, particularly where the private
sector is strong and concentrated
EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY OF THE SERVICE
DEBATES & TRENDS
How to measure?need to use common indicatorscompulsory benchmarking?what information should be available?
Customer oriented policiesnew expectations from customersprivate participation favours such policies
Appropriateness-need for service “quality indicators”:
•technical indicators•public opinion indicators•environmental indicators
Appropriateness-need for service “quality indicators”:
•technical indicators•public opinion indicators•environmental indicators
Appropriateness-need for “integrated management” (supply + sewerage)
Appropriateness-need for “integrated management” (supply + sewerage)
Management types: public mixed (public-private) private
Management types: public mixed (public-private) private
Appropriateness-need for attractive “public publicising”.Appropriateness-need for attractive “public publicising”.
MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SERVICES
Technical advantages:
technological input from private operator
specific
professionalism of staff involved
technical transfer to rest of public services
Functional advantages:
agile management agile management and decision-makingand decision-making
multi-skilled staffmulti-skilled staff
efficiency of actionsefficiency of actions
efficiency of resultsefficiency of results
Economic advantages:
funding of investments from infrastructure deficit*co-funding with Public Administration (EU incentives)* apparent extra cost compensated by speed and efficiency favourable economic balance profits can be shared out and controlled by tariffs
ADVANTAGES OF PRIVATE OR PUBLIC-PRIVATE MANAGEMENT
ATMOSPHERIC EVT11
RAINFALL60
CONSUM-PTION
130
LOSSES 12
REAL CONSUM-
PTION 8
TREATEMENT 104+40
IRRIGATION 8 SEWER SYSTEM
187
DSU 37
EXTRACTIONS 17
DRINKING WATER
SUPPLY 150
SEA 184
LATERAL UNDERGROUND
DISCHARGE
EXTERNAL UNDERGROUND
TOP UP
UNDERGROUND WATER AQUIFER
6+3+10+6+8-17-3-9+1
6 2
5 6
2461242
5
3
9
8
8
15
6103
6EXTERNAL
UNDERGROUND TOP UP
8/8
LATERAL UNDERGROUND DISCHARGE
9/5
UNDERGROUND WATER AQUIFER
+33-29 = 44 +30-30 = 08/8 9/5
EXTRACTIONS 17/25
SEA 197/177
CONSUMPTION
143/143
USEFUL RAIN
54/54TER 70/42
LLOBREGAT 80/80
2/2
SEWER SYSTEM 202/185
TREATMENT 105/145
DRINKING WATER SUPPLY
150/137
0/1
0/4
105/141
89/36
8/108/4
46/43
141/141
2/9
141/129
70/42
80/80
9/8
3/0
17/25
15/1
0/15
105/145
MUNICIPAL USES. XXI AGENDA. BARCELONA PROPOSAL
EXTERNAL UNDERGROUND
TOP UP