WaterNet: The NASA Water Cycle Solutions Network WaterNet...

WaterNet:WaterNet:The NASA Water Cycle The NASA Water Cycle

Solutions NetworkSolutions Network WaterNet Project Team:P Houser(GMU/CREW) D Belvedere(CREW) W P. Houser(GMU/CREW), D. Belvedere(CREW), W. Pozzi(CREW), B. Imam(UCI), R. Schiffer(UMBC),

C.A. Schosser(MIT), H. Gupta(UA), C. Welty(UMBC), C. Vorosmary(UNH), D.

Matthews(HydroDSS), R. Lawford(UMBC)Matthews(HydroDSS), R. Lawford(UMBC)Water Cycle Research Making a Difference

D.R. Belvedere,23 May 2007, http://crew.iges.org

The Water and Energy Cycle1 Water exists in all three phases in the climate 1. Water exists in all three phases in the climate system and the phase transitions are a significant factor in the regulation of the global and regional energy balances

2. Water vapor in the atmosphere is the principal greenhouse gas and clouds at various levels and composition in the atmosphere represent both positive and negative feedback in climate system p g yresponse

3. Water is the ultimate solvent and global biogeochemical and element cycles are mediated by the dynamics of the water cyclethe dynamics of the water cycle

4. Water and carbon are linked in terrestrial vegetation through the evapotranspiration of water and assimilation of carbon dioxide into plants pthrough leaves, linking water and carbon cycles.

5. Water is the element of the Earth system that most directly impacts and constraint human society and its well being

P. R. Houser, 23 May 2007, Water in the climate system functions on all time scales: From hours to centuries

its well-being.

NASA Water & Energy Cycle Observation Capabilities & Modeling and Prediction Capacities

Th d f d t di t The need for understanding water cycle variability and its relationships with water availability & water-related natural hazards are well documented.

This has provided a justification for wide ranging efforts to promote adequate observations to quantify the yvariability of water & energy components.

Developing Advanced Process-Resolving ModelsUseful prediction is critical – it is the link to stakeholders.We m st mo e to ards a ne paradigm of climate models that We must move towards a new paradigm of climate models that

produce useful weather-scale, process-scale, and application-scale prediction of local extremes (not just mean states).We must more fully constrain climate models with observations,

to improve their realism and believability.Each Climate model grid-box can only represent “average” diti f it

P. R. Houser, 23 May 2007,

conditions of its area, however, controlling processes of the water cycle (e.g. precipitation) vary over much smaller areas

NASA Applied Science ApproachSolutions Networks harvest and explore research capabilities and support needs to

fidentify candidate solutions. Thus, the role of Solution Networks is to1. Harvest NASA research results and identify/understand relevant decision support needs.2. Analyze this information to identify candidate solutions, and determine the configuration

i d t b ild th l ti (d t d i C did t S l ti R t )required to build the solution (documented in Candidate Solutions Reports)3. Optimize the network to improve the fidelity of the candidate solutions.

Candidate Solutions Benchmark ReportsEvaluation Report


Candidate Solutions Benchmark Reports

The Candidate Solutions Report formally documents the candidate ISS configuration and identifies its

components, contributors, and connection.

Evaluation Report

SN Goal: Identify candidate solutions where research results have the potential to enhance

Solutions Networks: Defined

decision supportSN Role: Serves as an creative, discovery process that serves as an entry path for a research-to-solution systems engineering framework.Why SN? Indentify and optimize the use of research results to improve decision support.SN Output: Candidate Solutions Report

•Report is principally decision need focused; once the need is documented, then relevant research results are “discovered”

“Identification of research that can improve decisions”“The use of GPM to improve NWS flood evacuation decisions”

1. states decision need/problem2. identifies & describes relevant research results3. describes the candidate solution and implementation concept

SN Automation: An eventual solution network goal is to enable partial automation of the discovery process via database and knowledge mining, as a tool available to the public. The database must have metadata about NASA research results AND decision solution tools/needs.SN S


SN Scope: This process is applicable for a wide range of decision needs from partner government agencies, non-governmental organizations, international needs, and private sector needs.

WaterNet: ConceptWaterNet GOAL: improve and optimize the sustained ability of water cycle WaterNet GOAL: improve and optimize the sustained ability of water cycle

researchers, stakeholders, organizations and networks to interact, identify, harness, and extend NASA research results to augment decision support tools and meet national needs.

NASA Water Cycle ResearchNASA Water Cycle Research Water Cycle User CommunityWater Cycle User CommunityWaterNetWaterNetThe NASA Water Cycle Solutions NetworkThe NASA Water Cycle Solutions Network

Earth-Sun Applied Science Program Water Cycle User CommunityWater Cycle User Community

National Science Community

Actionable WaterNet database

communication

Pathway Discovery (MIT)

Science Programs

Guidance

Satellite D t

NPA/DSTsAir Quality:

Data and Model Products

Requirements and Feedback

Commercial Data Providers

Data Providers

Modeling Labs

Planning &Formulation

Coastal

Water Management: BASINS,Riverware

yCMAQAviation: AWRP

Earth-Sun System Gateway

Benchmarking

Verification and Validation

Evaluation(EarthSat, Digital Globe…)

DAACS

ScienceDiscovery &

Management: CREWS

Serving the Nation


Network Optimization (OSSEs)Educational Organizations

Discovery &Results

Policy Decision Makers

Given a water cycle decision need, what NASA research results can be useful?WaterNet: Simplified

++Candidate Candidate Solution Solution

Solution Solution NetworksNetworks

Solution Solution ReportsReports


Now repeat <automate> the process for a large number of decision needs = WaterNet

WaterNet Water Cycle Solutions Network: Integrated System Solutions ApproachWater Cycle Models

Land: LDAS/LIS, GMAO O GMAO POP MOM

Water Cycle Observations•Soil Moisture

W t A il bilit

Water Cycle DSTsAgricultural Efficiency

Value and Benefits to Society and Nation

Water Cycle Models Water Cycle Observations Water Cycle DSTs

Ocean: GMAO, POP; MOM;Atmosphere: GMAO, Sport, EtaWeather: GMAO, WRF, RUC, FAA; HUREVAC, SportClimate: GISS, GFDL, NCARBiochem-Agricultural:AGRMET CERES CASA

• Water Availability• Atmospheric State• Convection• Icing• Ceiling & Visibility• Water Vapor

g yPECAS/CADRE

Air QualityCMAQ, AIRNow, AQI

AviationNAS-AWRP,

Carbon Management

Policy Decisions/Benefits• Flood warnings• Agricultural commodity warnings• Food shortage warnings• Reduced disease• Increased production/efficiency

Impro ed safet

Partners

Water Cycle Observations

AGRMET,CERES, CASAFlood: SLOSH; FLDWAVE

• Clouds•Precipitation•Soil Moisture• Reservoir Level• Evapotranspiration• Radiation

gEnergy Production

Coastal ManagementHAB; CREWS

Disaster ManagementAWIPS; HAZUS; RSAC

Ecological Forecasting

• Improved safety• Hazardous weather warnings• Preserve ecological diversity• Improve tourism• Identify high-risk communities• Reduce damage and loss• Optimize Renewable Energy• Improved water quality & recreationWater Cycle Observations ship Areas

Water Cycle ObservationsSatellite: Terra, AQUA, SSMI, ICESaT, GRACE, TRMM & GPM, NPP, CloudSAT, Landsat, GOES, NPOESS, HYDROS, SRTM, etc.Airborne: Microwave, Vis/IR,

• Vegetation moisture• Ocean currents• Runoff• Ocean Salinity• Aquifers• Wetlands

Ecological ForecastingSERVIR, ALDO, TOPS

Energy ForecastingNREL, EPRI, RETScreen

Homeland SecurityIOF, IMMAC

Invasive Species

• Improved water quality & recreation• Drinking water protection• Water use efficiencyManagement Decisions• Water allocation• Agricultural production efficiencies• Change land use activities

Water Cycle Observations

Airborne: Microwave, Vis/IR, Fluxes, UAV, etc.In-situ: Mesonets, Surfrad, ARM, GTS, field campaigns, etc

• Topography• Water Quality• Snow cover/depth• Groundwater

Water Cycle Predictions

Invasive SpeciesISFS

Public HealthPSS; EPHTN; RSVP; HELIX

Water ManagementBASINS; AWARDS; RiverWare

g• Flight Routing• Weather avoidance• Climate Change mitigation• Rapid Response to threats• Community planning• Disaster Response• Optimize energy needsWater Cycle Predictions

INPUTS OUTPUTS

National Academy of Sciences & National Leadership ReviewsExploration Decisions• Water and Life

OUTCOMES IMPACTSNASA Water Cycle Research Results Partners with Decision Support Tools

y


NASA Water Cycle Research Results Partners with Decision Support Tools

WaterNet is an extensive “solution network of networks and nodes”, encompassing and interconnecting a large number of water-relevant existing networks, research results, and decision support tools. Here we summarize the statements of commitment we have received –this is only a

small sample of the potential partnersOrg. Name

NASANASA Energy & Water cycle Study (NEWS); NASA's Geosciences Interoperability Office (GIO); Earth-Sun System Gateway (ESG); Geospatial Applications & Interoperability (GAI); Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the E i t (GLOBE) EOS Cl i HO (ECHO) Di t ib t d A ti A hi C t (DAAC)

small sample of the potential partners.

Environment (GLOBE); EOS Clearing HOuse (ECHO); Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC)

Academic

Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science (CUAHSI) 100+ members; Universities Council on Water Resources (UCOWR) 86 Universities in US & World; Collaborative Large-Scale Engineering Analysis Network for Environment Research (CLEANER); Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER); National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON)Ecological Observatory Network (NEON)Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA); Hydrology Web

Industry Terrapin Asset Management, LLC; Risk Management Solutions (RMS); AMEC; AMEC NatureserveNOAA's National Climate Data Center (NCDC) Worlds largest archive; US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR); US Army Corps of Engineers and Development Center (USACE/ERDC); NWS/California Nevade River Forecast Center

Gov'tp g p ( );

(NWCNRFC); USDA Agriculture Research Service (USDA/ARS); National Weather Service (NWS); National Water & Climate Center (NWCC); USDA Natural Resources Conservation Services/West, National Technology Support Center (NRCS); DHS Interagency Modeling & Atmospheric Assessment Center (IMAC)

DSTCoral Reef Early Warning System (CREWS); EPA/Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ)R tS E I i S i F ti S t (ISFS) M l i M d lli & S ill (MMS)DSTs RetScreen-Energy; Invasive Species Forecasting System (ISFS); Malaria Modelling & Surveillance (MMS)Terrestrial Observation & Prediction System (TOPS); Carbon Query & Evaluation Support Tools (CQUEST)

Labs NCAR; NCAR's Research Application Laboratory (RAL)

Non-Profit Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) Federation Includes more than 80 member orgs; US Nat'l Academies Water Information Network (100+ peer reviewed reports)


Water Information Network (100+ peer reviewed reports)

Int'l

UN Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO); World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)Global Water System Project (GWSP); Global Energy & Water Experiment cycle (GEWEX)EU AWARE (Available Water Resource); Hydrology for the Environment, Life & Policy (HELP); Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia (EARS); Graz University of Technology (TUG)

1. Evolve a network of water cycle partners: identify and analyze water cycle community-of-practice i ti DST d th i i t d l t d t hi & ll b ti th

WaterNetWaterNet: : Work PlanWork Plan

organizations, DSTs and their requirements; develop teams and partnerships & collaboration pathways.2. Routinely identify, prioritize, mine and communicate relevant NASA water cycle results that

address NPAs, and develop information system pathways to provide timely user-community access. 3 Optimize water cycle partner access to NASA water cycle research through prototypes evaluation 3. Optimize water cycle partner access to NASA water cycle research, through prototypes, evaluation,

verification and benchmarking standards to create an evolving and self-sustaining network.• Phase 1: Develop Candidate Solution Reports in a manual discovery mode• Phase 2: Partially automate discovery process using database and knowledge mining tools. • Phase 3: Evaluate phase-1 report fidelity (demo projects), produce numerous partner reports, optimize network.• Demonstration Projects:

• SAHRA/USBR Western Rivers Water Management (UA). • Coral Reef Early Warning System (CREW):• CUAHSI-Hydrologic Information System (UMBC): EPA BASINS/HSPF – for Chesapeake Bay watershed.• State-of-the-Water-Cycle Demonstration (UNH):• CNRFC-Water and Emergency Management Demonstration (HydrometDSS): NOAA NWS River Forecasting System. • NCAR’s Research Applications Lab (HydrometDSS/UMBC): Aviation iaircraft icing, microburst safety, etc.pp ( y ) g, y,

OSSEs: MIT Integrated Global System Model (MIT)

4. Analyze and document the WaterNet effectiveness; metrics, standards, resource estimates, documentation procedures, guidelines, and candidate solution reports.


5. Education and outreach: water cycle educational networking and convergence.

CNRFC Demonstration Project

Goals: • Demonstrate value added to National Weather Service Decision Support Tools (DSTs) by

various remote sensing and land surface modeling research applications to improve flood forecasting snow pack and rainfall runoff stream flow and water supply forecasts


forecasting, snow pack and rainfall runoff, stream flow and water supply forecasts.• Evaluate impacts of improved forecasts on water management Decision Support Tools• Focus future NASA resources on gaps identified

The Coral Reef Early Warning System (CREWS) Network:marine environmental monitoring to support research and marine sanctuary management

A CREWS Station is a "smart" meteorological and oceanographic monitoring platform installed near coral reef areas, software-configured p , gto ensure the gathering of high quality data and the eliciting of automated alerts when specified environmental conditions occur (e.g., those thought to be conducive to coral bleaching)

...and information synthesis productsSurface-truth for satellite products, coral bleaching alerts, data quality alerts; and matching patterns as proscribed by biologists, oceanographers and the public (fish & invertebrate spawning, migration, bloom conditions, good fishing and/or diving conditions, etc.)


State of the Water Cycle as an Solution Network DemonstrationLinks Geophysics of H20, Governance, Vulnerability, Supply Limitation

Imposed by Pollution, Ecosystem Flow Requirements

(Links to NASA NEWS, GWSP, GEWEX/HAP, IGWCO, ICSU Socioeconomics Group)

GWSP GWSP Models

And

IntegrativeValue-added

Outputs

Meta-data & Link Archive

External

D.R. Belvedere,23 May 2007,

ATLAS Indicator Generators Outputs

Internal Geospatial Archive Evaluate & Improve

Data(e.g. NASA, ESA, JAXA)

WaterNet Implementation – MIT IGSM OSSEs

HH22OO

Econometric analyses:• Combine global observations of precipitation to population data and projected urban growth.

OSSE-type experiments with the MIT IGSM:• To what extent does improved prescription of precipitation frequency derived from satellite-based

precipitation measurements impact modeled global trace gas emissions and pollutants?


• Conduct "value of information" experiments that assess the impact of adding hydrologic-economic linkages, which reflect societal efforts to minimize the costs and damages of climate change.

Existing Solution Network Resources

Earth-Sun Science System Components Knowledge BaseCatalogs standard NASA research products & specific partner DSTs

Earth-Science Gateway streamlines access to remote data, imagery, models & visualizationsg y

Gl b l Ch M Di


Global Change Master Directory enables users to access & obtain Earth Science data & services

ESIP Federation brings partners together to make ES information available to broader community

Establish solutions network definition and elements: Identify candidate solutions where

WaterNet: Issues to address

Establish solutions network definition and elements: Identify candidate solutions where research results have the potential to enhance decision support

Formalize candidate solution report content, format, guidelines: Decision need focused; states decision need/problem identifies & describes relevant research results describes the states decision need/problem, identifies & describes relevant research results, describes the candidate solution and implementation concept

What solutions network aspects should be automated?•what meta-database to use what format etc ?what meta database to use, what format, etc.?•what knowledge mining and knowledge discovery tools to use?•what web portal to use to make SN available to users & public (ESG, ESIP, ECHO, etc.)?

What collaborations are possible and how can they be established?What collaborations are possible and how can they be established?•NASA centers (Stennis, GSFC, MSFC, LaRC, etc.), databases, portals, research results•MRC/MSU (solutions-network technology)•Olympic Peninsula SN (sharing information and procedures, user networking)Wh t i ti l t t ill b t f ll b ti (SN C il?)? •What organizational structure will be set up for collaboration (SN Council?)?

What performance metrics should be used to judge solution network success?


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