2015.04.28. 1

Water Resources Management in

Hungary

László PERGER et al.

Directorate General for Water( OVF)

Budapest HU

2015.04.28. 2

Protection

of sea

by

River

Basin

Management

Plannings

in

EUROPE

The Danubebasin

- more than800.000 km2

- more than 100 millions of inhabitants

- 14 (+5) countries

The Danube River

Basin District

2015.04.28. 4

Exposition of HU surface waters

2015.04.28. 5

Significant water issues in HU (1)

• Surface waters

– Water ‘transit’ country (95% inflow, so high

contamination potencial and already done maybe

non-suitable management options on arriving

waters)

– Rare and unequal natural river network

– 42% floodplain (without protection)

– Downstream type river character

– Heavily river bed erosion

– Exceed water on ‘run-off less’ areas (more than

30% of lowland areas)

– Shallow lakes (less than 3m deepness on over 90%

of lakes)

2015.04.28. 6

Significant water issues in HU (2)

• Groundwaters

– Carpathian ‘bowl’ effect for GWs as well

(‚all’ is arriving)

– Basic resource of drinking water (95%)

– High vulnerability by man-made effect

(65%)

– Genetic contamination (As, B, NH4)

– Seasonaly independent exploitation with

some over abstractions

– HU as thermal water great power

2015.04.28. 7

Main pressures of HU waters

• Surface waters– contaminations from

• organic pressures (by non-eligible UWW & agriculture)

• nutrient pressures (by household detergent & bad practice of agriculture)

• PS mainly from abroad but there are inside contaminations

– river & lake regulation (flood prot., navigation, impoundment)

– artificial channels for

• irrigation needs

• water taking out (excess waters)

– drainage in lowland areas for

• agriculture

• settlements’ protection

• Groundwater– local overexploitation

– man-made contamination

2015.04.28. 8

Programmes of measures by Article 11

of WFD1. Basic

1. according to Annex VI (obligatory using of Directives concerned/mentioned)

2. regulations for WFD aims achieving on national level (additional basic mesures)

2. Supplementary1. legislative instruments

2. administrative instruments

3. economic or fiscal instruments

4. negotiated environmental agreements

5. emission controls

6. codes of good practice

7. recreation and restoration of wetlands areas

8. abstraction controls

9. demand management measures

10. efficiency and reuse measures

11. construction projects

12. rehabilitation projects

13. artificial recharge of aquifers

14. educational projects

15. research, development and demonstration projects

16. other relevant measures

Drinking water abstaction

19951996

19971998

19992000

20012002

surface water

shallow grounwater

karst water

bank-filtered water

deep groundwater0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350m

illi

on

m3

years

Drinking water abstraction

Vulnerable DW resources

Main problems of bank filtered system

The most sensitive and little

known part of reservoir

Smaragd-GSH Kft.

Delineation of protection

zones by travelling time

of water contaminations

in Hungarian legislation

• inner zone 20 days

• outer zone half year

• hydrogeological A zone

5 years

• hydrogeological B zone

50 years

• hydrogeological C zone

total recharge area

Smaragd-GSH Kft.

Restrictions for protection

inner zone – everything is forbidden, only supplying

outer zone – new activities forbidden, existing land use can

continued if no pollution detected

hydrogeological A zone – usage of dangerous substances is

restricted

hydrogeological B zone – usage of priority substances is

restricted

hydrogeological C zone – restrictions depend on risk

assessment

2015.04.28. 14

Thank you for attention