Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels - InfoHouseinfohouse.p2ric.org/ref/28/27101.pdf · Water...

. +

Aerospace

Technology Systems 1 Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels

Boeing Aerospace & Electronics /I

Water Reducible Polyurethanes

Candidate Low VOC Topcoat Formulations -

David J. Swanberg [ 0 L) 7 7 '3 - 'f Ys

Boeing Defense and Space Group Aerospace Systems Technology Materials and Processes Group

December 6, 1990

5. OTHER PRECAUTIONS

A. WASH THOROUGHLY AFTER HANDLING AND BEFORE EATING OR SMOKING.

B. CLOSE CONTAINER AFTER EACH USE.

C. HYDROGEN GAS CAN EVOLVE WHEN WATER COMES IN CONTACT WITH ALUMINUM POWDER RESULTING IN A FIRE AND/OR EXPLOSION HAZARD. THIS SITUATION CAN OCCUR WHEN WATER-BORNE PAINT WASTE IS DISPOSED OF IN THE SAME WASTE CONTAINERS AS IS SOLVENT-BORNE PAINTS CONTAINING ALUMINUM PIGMENTS (SUCH AS METALLIC TOPCOATS). TO ELIMINATE ANY POSSIBILITY OF THIS HAZARD, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THIS WATER REDUCIBLE PRIMER BE KEPT SEPARATE FROM OTHER PAINT WASTE PRODUCTS.

1.

2 .

3 .

4.

DEFT., INC.. 17451 VON KARMAN AVENUE, IRVINE. CALIFORNIA 92714 11714) 474.0400

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

MATERIAL STORAGE

KEEP CONTAINERS TIGHTLY CLOSED AND UPRIGHT TO PREVENT LEAKAGE. DO NOT STORE OR USE NEAR HEAT, SPARKS OR FLAME. STORE ONLY IN WELL VENTILATED AREA.

MATERIAL SPIUGE

REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION (FLAME, SPARK, HOT SURFACE, ELECTRICAL, ETC.) AVOID BREATHING VAPORS, VENTILATE AREA. CONTAIN AND REMOVE WITH INERT ABSORBENT AND NON-SPARKING TOOLS.

OPERATOR RESPIRATORY PROJECTION

A. NIOSH APPROVED RESPIRATOR FOR PAINT, LACQUER, ENAMEL MISTS AND ORGANIC VAPORS.

B. USE NEOPRENE (RUBBER, POLYETHYLENE, LEATHER, CANVAS, ETC.) GLOVES TO PREVENT SKIN CONTACT.

C. CLEAN, LONG SLEEVE AND LONG LEG CLOTHING.

D. USE SAFETY EYE WEAR WITH SIDE SHIELDS OR SPLASH GUARDS.

E. AVOID SKIN OR EYE CONTACT.

F.

EMEXGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES

A. VAPORS - REMOVE FROM EXPOSURE. RESTORE BREATHING. KEEP WARM. NOTIFY PHYSICIAN.

B. SPLASH (EYES) - FLUSH IMMEDIATELY WITH LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER FOR AT LEAST 15 MINUTES. GET MEDICAL ATTENTION.

C. SPLASH (SKIN) - WASH AFFECTED AREAS WITH WATER IMMEDIATELY. REMOVE CONTAMINATED CLOTHING. CONSULT A PHYSICIAN.

MAY - BE A SENSITIZING AGENT OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME.

---

CONT'D. . . .

DEFT.. INC.. 17451 VON KARMAN AVENUE, IRVINE. CAL!FORNIA 92714 l ( 7 1 4 ) 474-0400

APPLICATION

DEFT'S WATER REDUCIBLE PRIMER CAN BE APPLIED USING CONVENTIONAL AIR, AIRLESS, AND ELECTROSTATIC SPRAY EQUIPMENT. IT CAN ALSO BE APPLIED USING AIR ELECTROSTATIC HANDGUNS WHICH ARE EQUIPPED TO HANDLE WATER BASED COATING SYSTEMS. EXAMPLES OF SUCH AIR ELECTROSTATIC HANDGUNS ARE RANDSBURG REA 111, NORDSON AN-8, AND GRACO AS 4000.

APPLICATION PROPERTIES (TYPICAL):

APPLICATION VISCOSITY INDUCTION TIME POT LIFE DRYING TIME

RECOMMENDED FILM THICKNESS RECOMMENDED AIR PRESSURE

19-21 SECONDS #2 ZAHN CUP NONE 6 H R S . MINIMUM AT 73+2"F SET TO TOUCH - 30 MIN. WITH GOOD AIR CIRCULATION. DRY HARD - 6 HRS. AT 73+2"F. WITH GOOD AIR CIRCULATION. 0.6 - 1.0 MILS DRY FILM 60-80 # ATOMIZATION, l0-12# IN POT 22 OZ PER MIN.

EQUIPNENT CLEANING:

ALL FLUID LINES AND EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE CLEANED WITH DEFT IS-219 REDUCER OR APPROVED EQUIVALENT. FLUID LINES SHOULD BE PURGED BEFORE INTRODUCING WATERBORNE PRIMER. DO NOT USE RECLAIMED SOLVENT WHEN CLEANING EQUIPMENT.

APPLICATION PRECAUTIONS:

1. THE SURFACE TO BE PRIMED MUST BE ABSOLUTELY CLEAN AND FREE OF OIL, DUST, ETC.

2. EQUIPMENT MUST BE ADEQUATELY GROUNDED. CLEAN SPRAY EQUIPMENT IMMEDIATELY AFTER USE.

3. MIX ONLY THAT AMOUNT TO BE USED IN SIX HOURS.

4 . AMINE CURED EPOXY PRIMER FROM ONE VENDOR SHALL NEVER BE MIXED WITH THAT OF ANOTHER VENDORS PRODUCT.

5 . APPLY OVER PRETREATED METAL OR CLEAN FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC SURFACE.

Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels

Boeing Aerospace & Electronics

Aerospace Systems Technology

Regulatory Requirements

Development Objective

Candidate Water-Borne Formulations

Water-Borne Performance

Performance Ratings and Comparisons

Summary

Aerospace

Technology Systems 1 Water Reducible Polyurethane E n a m e l s

/I - Boeing Aerospace & Electronics

Regulatory Requi rements

Driven by ozone forming potential of photochemically reactive organic compounds

The Clean Air Act - US EPA

Regional atmospheric ozone concentrations

Regulate processes (Le. paint booth stack emissions)

Regulate solvent content in coatings




Development Objective

Provide durable aerospace coatings with properties and performance equivalent to traditional solvent-borne polyurethane topcoats - esp . MI L-C-83286.

Ultra-low VOC, water-borne or 100% solids

Exterior durability

Exceptional chemical resistance flexibility

Conventional application characteristics

Appearance (gloss) and reasonable cost

Aerospace


/I - Boeing Aerospace & Electronics -

Candidate Water-Borne Formulations

Water-borne polyurethanes and polyesters

Water-borne crosslin kers

Carbodiimide Di-functional amine Aziridine

White topcoat formulations - with and without crosslinkers added

Controls

MIL-C-83286 and 1 -Coat




Product Type Manufacturer

Water- Borne Res ins

. VOC (gmlL)

XW110 Polyurethane Mobay 360 -

R-9000 Polyurethane IC1 3 5

72-7230 Polyester Carg i I I 85

Crosslinkers

XL25 S E

BAPP

cx-100

Carbodiimide Union Carbide 5 0 0 (self-emulsified)

Di-finctional Texaco 0 amine

polyaziridine IC1 0 (100% active)




Coating T y p e Color VOC (gm/L)

MIL-C-83286 Conventional Gloss Grey 2-comp. polyurethane

2-comp. Polyurethane 1 -Coat High-Solids Gloss White

590

4 1 8

Water Reducible Polyure thane Enamel s Boeing Aerospace & Electronics


Formula Resin voc (g mlL)

1

2

3

Note: All White Topcoat Formulations; PigmeWBinder ratios = .75

XW110 31 5

R-9000 225

72-7230 85

Aerospace Systems 1 Water Reducible PoIyureth.ane Enamels Technology

Formula Resin Crossli n k e r Percent *

// Boeing Aerospace & Electronics

VOC (gm/L)

Table V. Water-Borne Coating Formulations with Crosslinkers

on resin solids




T e s t

Low VOC Performance Requirements

Low VOC CriterionlGoal

600 Specular Gloss Film Hardness (Pencil Scale)

Gloss - 90+ Camouflage - - 5

H - 2H

Wet Tape Adhesion < 5% loss

Low Temperature Flexibility I no crack, 1" mandrel @ -65 F 1

Impact Flexibility 96 in-lb direct & reverse

De-ionized Water

Skydrol 500B

hardness - no change

7 days, no blistering 7 days, film intact,

MIL-H-83232

2 B - HB min.

24 hrs, 160 F, film intact, min. stain,

Aerospace Systems // Water Reducible Polyure thane Enamel s

Formula Thickness 600 Spec Pencil Wet Tape L o w Temperature Flexibil i ty mil Gloss Hardness Adhesion

Technology //

Impact Flexibility in-lb directlrev

/I - Boeing Aerospace & Electronics

I MIL-C- I 2.0 9 2 3H 5 B no cracking

Water-Borne Performance

9 2 83286 l -Coa t

0% removed 1 6 0 2.2 9 3 3H 5 B no cracking 1 6 0

0% removed 160

Formula De-ionized Water Skydrol 500B M I L - H - 8 3 2 8 2

MIL-C-83286 no blistering softening hardness: H-2H hardness: 4B

very light stain hardness: no

no blistering severe softening very light stain I I I '-Coat I hardness: F-H hardness: <6B hardness: no gloss: -85% change

Aerospace


Formula T h i c k n e s s 60' S p e c Penc i l Wet Tape mil Gloss Hardness Adhesion


Low Temperature Impact Flexibility Flexibility in-lb directhev

Water- B orne Perform an ce

I XW110 1 2.3 70 H 5B no cracking 1 6 0 1 0% removed I 1 6 0

R-9000 I 1.8 64 B 4B I hairline cracks I 9 6

72-7230 4% removed 8 0

2.0 85 6B nia nla nla '




Formula De-ionized Water Skydrol 5008

Water-Borne Performance (Cont'd.)

MIL-H-83282 7 days, room temp. 7 days, room temp. 24 hours , 1500 F

severe softening <6B I light stain XW110

R-9000

7 2 - 7 2 3 0

no blistering hardness: no change.

slight blistering, #6 Few

hardness: -1 unit n la

loss of adhesion 1 hardness: no change 1 mars easily hardness: +1 unit

n la n l a

Water Reducible Polyure thane E n a m e l s Boeing Aerospace & Electronics


Water-Borne P e r f o r m a n c e (cont 'd.) General Properties and Flexibility of Water-Borne Coatngs with Crosslinkers Added

Formula T h i c k n e s s 6 O O S p e c Penc i l Wet Tape Low Temperature Impact Flexibility mil Gloss H a r d n e s s Adhesion Flexibility in-lb directlrev

XW11 o/ 2.6 63 H 58 XL25 0% removed XW11 o/ 2.7 70 2H 5B CX100 0% r emoved R-9000/ 2.5 6 6 H 58 XL25 0% removed R-9000/ 1.5 6 6 HB 5B

BAPP 0% r emoved 72-72301 2.0 91 B 5B XL25 0% r emoved

72-72301 64 (2.5) 87 B 5B CX100 0% removed

hairl ine cracks 96 64

no cracking 160 120

cracks 160 120

hairline cracks 160 160

no cracking 60 24

slight crazing 160 160



Formula De-ionized Water 7 days , room temp.

Water-Borne Pe r fo rmance (cont 'd.)

Skydrol 5008 MI L-H-83282 7 days , room temp. 24 hours , 7500 F

xw1101 blistering, #8 Medium X L 2 5 hardness: no change

xw1101 no blistering CXIOO ha rdness : n o change R-90001 no blistering XL25 hardness : n o c h a n g e

R-90001 no blistering BAPP hardness : +I unit

72-72301 no blistering X L25 hardness : n o c h a n g e 72301 signif.blistering, #6

cx100 Dense, film wrinkled

s e v e r e sof ten ing <6B

softened 6B

s e v e r e sof ten ing <6B

severe sof ten ing<6B

severe sof ten ing <6B m a r s easi ly

coa t ing removed

light s t a in ha rdness : -1 unit

n o s t a in ha rdness : no c h a n g e

very light s t a in ha rdness : -1 unit

very light s t a in ha rdness : no c h a n g e

light s t a in , gloss: -20%

hardness : -1 unit light s ta in

hardness: n o c h a n g e



Per formance Rat ings and C o m p a r i s o n s

Performance ratings assigned for each test category (5 pt scale)

Average score categories (averaged 10 pt scale)

Chemical resistance De-ionized water Sky d ro I MIL-H-83282

Flexibility Low Temperature Bend Impact Flexibility

General Properties Gloss Pencil Hardness Wet Tape Adhesion

voc Calculated VOC

Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels Boeing Aerospace & Electronics


FORMULA GENERAL PROPERTIES

CHEMICAL voc FLEXIBILITY RESISTANCE

W X l l O 8 . 0 X W11 OIX L25 7.3

x w 1 1 0 1 c x 1 0 0 8.7

R9000 4.7

R9000lXL25 7.3 R9000 /BAPP 6.7

72-7230 2.7

72-7230lXL25 7 .3

72-723OlCXlOO 6.7

10.0 6.0 5.8

6.5 5 .3 5 . 4

10.0 8.1 6 .1

7.5 6.0 7.0

7.0 6.7 5.5

8.0 7.3 9.1

0 . 0 0 .0 8.9

7.5 5 .3 7.7

9.0 3.3 8.9

MIL-C-83286 1 0 . 0 10.0 8.7 2.1 L ONE-COAT 10 .0 10.0 7 .3 4 .4

Aerospace

Technology Systems 1 Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels ’


Composite Ratings

Composite I - Skydrol resistance, Low Temperature Flexibility

Composite I I - Chemical Resistance, Flexibility averages

Composite 111 - Chemical Resistance, Flexibility (equal weight), General Properties (1/2 weight).

Composite IV - VOC, Chemical Resistance, Flexibility, (equal weight), General Properties (1/2 weight).




FORMULA COMPOSITE I COMPOSITE I I COMPOSITE 111 COMPOSITE IV

W X l l O

x w 1 1 OIXL25

XW11 OlCXl 00

R9000

R9000 lXL25

R9000 lBAPP

72-7230

72-723OlXL25

7 2 - 7 2 3 0 / c x 1 0 0

7.4

6.0

8 .3

6 . 5

6 .5

7 . 9

2 . 9

6.9

7.0 I

6.0 8.0 8 .0 5.0 5.9 6.2

8.0 9 .3 9 .2

4.0 6.8 6.3 4 .0 6 . 8 6.9

5.0 7.7 7 .5

0.0 0 .0 0.5

6.0 6 .4 6 . 6

4.0 6.2 6 .3

MIL-C-83286 ON E-CO AT

9.0 9 .3 9.5 7 . 4 7 .0 8 . 7 8 .9 7.6




Performance Highlights

Carbodiimide crosslinking d o e s not improve performance of XW110 Polyurethane

Carbodiimide and BAPP crosslinking does improve performance of R9000 polyurethane

Polyester performance was significantly improved by crosslinking and thereby approaches polyurethane performance

XW110 polyurethane + CX100 aziridine crosslinker approaches solvent-borne performance

.

Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels Boeing Aerospace & Electronics


Summary

Crosslinked water-borne polyurethanes can perform nearly a s well as solvent-borne urethanes.

Aziridine health risks need to be addressed (Le. safe analog).

Water-bornes do not yet meet MIL-C-83286 Skydrol/Flexibility requirements.

Can potentially meet MIL-C-85285 requirements soon,

Water-borne coatings will continue to improve in performance achieve lower VOC's

c - , r . . : , .

Waterborne Rating Guide -

60 Degree Specular Gloss

90-100 5 80 - 90 4 70 - 80 3 60 - 70 2 50 - 60 1 e 50 0

Low Temperature Flexibility

no cracking 5 SI. crazing 4 hairline cracks 3 cracks 2 peel 1

Skydrol immersion

Hardness change <2 units 5 Hardness change >2 units 4 Hardness = 6B 3 pass fingerprint mar test 2 fail fin er rint mar or

1 0 total film failure

loss o 98 a hesion

Pencil Hardness

2H + 5 H 4 F 3 HB 2 B 1 <B 0

Impact Flexibility

96 + in-lb 5 72 - 96 4 48 - 72 3 24 - 48 2 < 24 1

Rating is avg of direct & reverse - score3 MIL-H-83282 Immersion

no stain, hardness n.c. 5 v. light stain, hardness n.c. 4 light stain or hardness 1 unit 3 stain, hardness chg, or loss of gloss 2

1

Wet Tape Adhesion

% of crosshatch area removed Rating

0 5 <5 4

5-1 5 3 15-35 2 35-65 1 65 + 0

De-ionized water immersion

no effect 5 few blisters 4 med blisters 3 dense blisters 2 adhesion loss I

Calculated VOC Rating

Rated 0 - 10 Linear Scale

0 = 750 gramsfliter 10 = 0 grams/liter

Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels - InfoHouseinfohouse.p2ric.org/ref/28/27101.pdf · Water...

Documents

Transcript of Water Reducible Polyurethane Enamels - InfoHouseinfohouse.p2ric.org/ref/28/27101.pdf · Water...