Water Level Indicator With Numeric Display_Final (2)
-
Upload
rahul-pandey -
Category
Documents
-
view
130 -
download
1
Transcript of Water Level Indicator With Numeric Display_Final (2)
i
Water level Indicator with
Numeric Display
A mini project submitted in
partial fulfilment of requirement of
Degree of Bachelor of Technology
A.Gnandeep Reddy
K.Gopi Vasanth Kumar
K.Varun Chowdary
J.Kowsik Sasthre
Department Of ECE
K L University
Vaddeswaram, Guntur District
NOV 2012
ii
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “WATER
LEVEL INDICATOR WITH NUMERIC DISPLAY” being
submitted by students mentioned below. In partial fulfilment for the
award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in ECE to the K L
University is a record of benefited work carried out by them under my
guidance and supervision. The results embodied in this project report
have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the
award of any Degree or Diploma.
GROUP MEMBERS
A. Gnandeep Reddy 11004311
K. Gopi Vasanth Kumar 11004312
J. Kowsik Sasthre 11004325
K. Varun Chowdary 11004367
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT INTERNAL GUIDE
Dr. Habibulla Khan Abhishek Anchal
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are happy to take this opportunity to thank to people who helped us in
the making of our project. We acknowledge the influence and inspiration of
Rajnish Kumar, Asst. Professor and Dr G. SUMATI who made the entire
project an exciting and enjoyable experience.
At the outset, we thank God almighty for making our endeavour a
success. We also express our gratitude to our beloved principal Dr. A. Anand
Kumar, and Dr. Habibulla Khan Head of the Department, for providing us
with adequate facilities, ways and means by which we were able to complete this
project. We are also grateful to and all other teachers of Electronics &
Communication Engineering Department for their invaluable teaching, help
and support without which the successful completion of this project would not
have been possible.
We thank our Project Guide, Abhishek Anchal, Asst.
Professor in Electronics & Communication Engineering for assisting us in
variable ways.
iv
ABSTRACT
Water level indicator is an electronic device which senses water
level inside the water tank and indicates the level on the seven
segment display
This uses the conducting nature of water as tap water is good
conductor of electricity. Here we have we have used seven wires
which indicate seven different levels that are full, mid levels and
empty. The low, mid levels and full level are indicated on seven
segment displays 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 respectively. The ground
potential is at the lowest level of the water tank. If water rises then
respective number will be displayed.
User can see present level of water on seven segment display.
He can become alert by the numbers on the seven segment display.
v
CONTENT
CERTIFICATE ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
ABSTRACT iv
LIST OF FIGURES vi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND ITS WORKING 3
2.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 3
2.2 WORKING OF CIRCUIT 3
3. COMPONENT AND THEIR DESCRIPTION 5
3.1 Seven Segment Display 7
4. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 8
5. RESULT AND CONCLUSION 9
6. BIBLIOGRAPHY 11
vi
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Title P.N.
Figure1 Circuit Diagram 3
Figure2 IC74148 5
Figure3 IC 7447 6
Figure4 Seven Segment Display 7
Figure6.1 Assembled circuit on breadboard 9
Figure6.2(a) &(b) Display output for various level of water 9
1
1. INTRODUCTION
Now a day, there is large loss of water due to laziness of people.
We present here a very simple remedy for providing water level,
whenever water is being used or filled inside the tank at home offices
or at any place.
In this, we connect a circuit to water tank with wires inside
water to indicate the level up to which water is filled. We have used
here a seven segment display which gives an indication to the user by
showing*:
7 Indicates the tank is empty.
6 Indicates the very few amount of water is present in tank.
5 Indicates that water has increased to a level more than 6.
4 Indicates that water has increased to a level more than 5.
3 Indicates that water has increased to a level more than 4.
2 Indicates that water has increased to a level more than 3.
1 Indicates that water is going to reach its maximum level.
2
0 Indicates the tank is full.
This reduces the human effort. Manual checking of water level
inside the tank is not required. This requires less power and is very
economical.
* These levels depend on the markings made by the user.
3
2. CIRCUIT AND ITS WORKING
2. 1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Fig. 1. Circuit Diagram of Water Level Indicator with Numeric Display
2.2 WORKING OF CIRCUIT
This circuit works mainly on conducting nature of water and
uses 7-segment display, to indicate the different water levels in the
tank. The circuit shows the water levels by displaying 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2,
1, and 0. Circuit uses seven wires to sense the different water levels
4
in the tank. A wire is dipped into the tank which is grounded. When
there is a high voltage at the input pin of the IC74148 gate, it
outputs a high voltage. Similarly, for a low voltage at the input pin of
the IC74148 gate, it outputs a low voltage.
When the tank is empty, the input pins of IC 74148 are pulled
high via a 10KΩ resistor. So it outputs a high voltage as a result of
which there is a display 7 in the seven segment display. As water
starts filling the tank, a low voltage is available at the input pins of
the gate and it outputs a low voltage. When the water in the tank
rises to touch the marked levels, there is a low voltage at the
corresponding input pins of gate. When the water reaches to
maximum level then all the input pins of the gate is at the low
voltage.
The corresponding inputs produce corresponding outputs which
in turn are given to IC7447 which is a decoder IC. These inputs are
decoded and the corresponding outputs are given to a seven segment
display which displays the water level.
5
3. COMPONENTS AND THEIR DESCRIPTION
Components required for this circuit are:
1. Power supply
2. Resistors (10kΩ x8, 100Ω x1)
3. IC 74148
4. IC 7447
5. Seven segment display
IC 74148
Fig. 2 IC74148 Pin Diagram
This is an encoder IC which encodes 8-datalines to 3-line binary. An
encoder is a digital circuit that performs the inverse operation of a
decoder. An encoder has (or fewer) input lines and n output lines.
The output lines generate the binary code corresponding to the input
value.
6
This can also be used in the N bit encoding and in some code
generators and code convertors.
IC 7447
Fig. 3 IC7447 Pin Diagram
IC 7447 is a BCD to 7 segment decoder with active low outputs.
It accepts the BCD code and provides outputs to energize seven
segment display devices in order to produce a decimal read out.
LT stands for Lamp Test. When is low all the segments on the
7-segment display are lit regardless of AAAA 0123 .
BI stands for Blanking Input. When BI is low the display is
blank so all the segments on the 7segment display are off regardless
of AAAA 0123 .
7
RBI stands for Ripple Blanking Input. When RBI is low and
AAAA 0123 =0000 the display is blank otherwise the number is
displayed on the display. This is used to remove leading zeroes from a
number (e.g. display 89 instead of 089). To use with more than one
display connect (Ripple Blanking Output) from most significant 7447
to the next 7447.
3.1 Seven Segment Display
The seven-segment display consists of seven elements that are
made of either LEDs or LCDs. These elements are labelled a-g.
Fig. 4 Seven-Segment Display
Depend on which elements are turned on, they display decimal
numerals 0 through 9.
8
4. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:
The circuit is very economical.
It can be employed anywhere.
It requires less power and easy in handling.
Disadvantages:
The circuit can’t stop overflow of water.
Water should be conducting then only the circuit works.
9
5. RESULT AND CONCLUSION
We have assembled the components on breadboard as per our
design mentioned in 2.1 and tested the circuit for the various
level of water. The final assembled circuit is shown in the
figure 6.1 below:
Fig. 6.1 Assembled circuit on breadboard
Fig. 6.2 (a) & (b) display output for various level of water
10
Figure 6.2 shows the display corresponding to different level of
water. So, we successfully designed, assembled and demonstrated the
working of our circuit.
There were few minor difficulties we experienced, because of
temporary wiring of circuit on breadboard. Further, we can improve
the reliability and easy handling of our circuit by making it on PCB.
11
6. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Website Reference
1. www.wisc-online.com
2. www.wikipedia.org
3. www.circuitsgallery.com
Texted Reference
1. A. Anand Kumar, “Fundamentals of Digital Circuits”, Page337-
344, Chapter 7, PHI publication, June 2012