National workshop on community based water management in rajasthan
WATER IS LIFE Surface Water Scenario in Rajasthan.
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Transcript of WATER IS LIFE Surface Water Scenario in Rajasthan.
WATER IS LIFE
Surface Water Scenario in Rajasthan
TOTAL WATER ON EARTH
3% (37.5 mill.cu.Kms)
Freshwater
97% (1320 mill.cu.Kms.) in Oceans (saline
Water)
11% groundwater upto 800m
11% groundwater below 800m
1% in lakes, rivers and streams etc.
77% in glaciers & ice caps
690.31
1179.04
Surface water Utilizable Economically un-utilizable Surface water
111.3
320.14
Economically un-utilizable Ground water
Utilizable Ground Water Total surface water 1869.35 BCM
Total ground water 431.44 BCM
2.5
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Area Population Water Resources
Comparison with World
Water Resources - NATIONWater Resources - NATION
Surface Water ResourcesWater within State 21.71 BCMInterstate water 17.88 BCMTotal Surface water 39.59 BCM
Irrigation projects Completed Total
Major & Medium 118Minor 6688Total 6846
Irrigation Potential Created inMillion Ha. 3.713
Surface Water Resources System at a GlanceRajasthan
CategoryNumber of blocks in the assessment year
1984 1998 2001 2002 2004 2009
Safe 203 135 54 49 32 31
Semi Critical 10 34 32 21 14 16
Critical 11 26 65 80 50 25
Over exploitation 12 41 85 86 140 166
Status of Ground Water
• Net ground water availability through recharge 10.79 BCM
• Total ground water draft 14.51 BCM
• Net groundwater balance (-) 3.72 BCM
• Stage of Development 135 Percent
Status of Groundwater availability
POPULATION V/S PER CAPITA AVAILABLITY OF WATER IN THE STATE
Absolute Scarcity
Year National
Average
State Avera
ge
2001 1820 840
2025 1341 561
2050 1140 439
PER CAPITA AVAILABLITY OF WATER
(more than 50º to below 0 º)
2/3rd part of the state is desert- (this part is bigger than all states except UP, MP, AP & Maharashtra)
2/3rd
The Unkind Nature & Handicaps
1/3rd
Recurring DroughtsLarge Tribal Population Wide Seasonal Variation in Temperature
Aravali Ranges
Scanty & Erratic Rainfall
Jaisalmer :138 mm Cherapunji :11000 mm
Average Annual Precipitation : 531 mm Western part : 318 mm Eastern Part : 688 mm
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Some Facts On Water Resources in Rajasthan
Rajasthan with an area of 34.27 million hectare, is the
largest State of the Country . 66% area is desert.
It holds 10.45% area, 5.40% population & 18.70% livestock
of the country but has only 1.16% surface water and 1.72%
ground water of the country.
Out of 25.7 million ha cultivable land only 7.67 million ha is
irrigated. 65% irrigation is dependent on ground water and
35% is from surface sources.
83% water is used for agriculture, 11% for drinking water and
6% for industrial & other uses. Continued ……
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Some Facts On Water Resources in Rajasthan
Water resources are not only scarce but highly unevenly
distributed both in time & space. Recurrent droughts.
Per capita water availability is 640 cum as against minimum
international standard of 1000 cum. With growing population at
fast rate, this is likely to touch 438 cum in 2045 bringing
Rajasthan in absolute scarcity category.
98% inter-state resources, 78% utilizable surface resources
and 137% of ground water resources already utilized.
With the exploitation rate of 137%, the ground water situation is
precarious.
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Drinking Water Supply : Some Facts
Huge imbalance between demand & supply: Urban deficit &
rural deficit is 2994 mld water is likely to reach 7884 mld by
2040
40% villages/habitations are affected by quality. 75% of
country’s fluoride affected habitations are in Rajasthan.
58 towns get water supply once in 48 hours, 15 once in 72
hours and 9 once in 96 hours.
Water is being transported to 65 cities/towns and about
10500 rural habitations at present.
91% drinking water schemes are based on ground water.
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Water: Key to development of Rajasthan
Water is livelihood issue in Rajasthan. About 70% people
in rural area depend on Agriculture & animal husbandry
for livelihood
Water & poverty are closely interlinked in the context of
Rajasthan
Water availability would determine the future course of
development of the State
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Growing imbalance between demand & suppy. Present
deficit is 8.0 BCM and likly to increase to 9.0 BCM by
2015
Uncertainty & reduced availability of water
Inequity of access to water
Low operational efficiency of water distribution system
Depleting ground water resources & deteriorating quality of
water
High cost of services, low cost recovery and low level of
expenditure on O&M
Lack of ownership amongst the stakeholders
Issues & Constraints
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Key initiatives
Supply side management Tap remaining potential: Water shed approach
Restore ground water balance
Recycling of used and wastewater
Prevent water pollution
Reduce Ttransmission & Distribution losses
Water harvesting & Recharging
Drinking water supply in water deficit areas from
assured surface sources: Water Grid System
Continued ……
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Improvement in Irrigation efficiency
Rationalize tariffs
People’s participation
Water Regulatory Authority
Ground Water legislation
Water campaign
Improvement in service delivery
Water Audit
Benchmarking of schemes & projects
Demand Management
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Practical & doable steps required by public
Conseve every drop of water : stop wastage
Roof top water harvesting
Revival of Traditional system with sense of
owenership and maintain them
Water recharging
Efficient use of water
Prevent water pollution
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Initiatives taken up so far
State Water Policy modified and adopted in February 2010.
Creation of SWRPD :- A separate State Water Resources Planning
Department (SWRPD) has been created to separate the overall
multi-sectoral water resources planning functions for the various
category of water users from the sub-sector specific irrigation/other
water service deliveries.
Participatory Irrigation Management:- RFPMIS Act, 2000 and Rule,
2002 enacted by the government. In June 2010 government has
issued order for giving 50% share of the water charges collected by
the WUAs to them. 1736 WUAs have been formed and systems
transferred to 659 WUAs for irrigation management and O&M
responsibility.
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Initiatives taken up so farTraining & Water Campaign:- Various trainings to farmers are being imparted for efficient and conjuctive use of water in irrigation through modern technologies i.e. drip and sprinkler system
IEC activities:- Jal Abhiyan, Jal Chetna Yatra and Jal Mela have been organised under European Union SPP programme for better awareness among stackholders.
Water Auditing and Benchmarking:- The work of water auditing and benchmarking is in process for improvement of performance of irrigation schemes.
Water Resources Information System:- Web based WRIS serves as Decision Support System (DSS) for planning, storage, distribution and management of the water for the irrigation, drinking and other purposes. It enables users and stakeholders to maintain up-to-date information on projects, dams, reservoirs, canals, anicuts, weirs, surface and ground water resources including recharge, chemical analysis and water quality of available water, crops, Water User Associations, etc.
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Initiatives taken up so far
Integrated Water Resources Management: IWRM plan in 3182 Gram panchayats of 82 blocks of 11 district are being prepared. 1700 plans have been prepared and approved.
River Basin Planning: River basin planning for 14 river basin is in progress for better management of available water resources.
Sprinkler Irrigation System:- In Narmada Canal System sprinkler system has been made mandatory in 2.46 Lac ha area. Similarly in Indira Gandhi Canal Project 27449 ha have been taken up for sprinkler system.
O&M Manual:- O&M manual has been prepared in the year 2010 and enforced for better maintenance of existing irrigation systems.
SCADA :- Supervisory Control and Automated Data Acquisition has been installed in Indira Gandhi Canal Project and same is proposed to be installed on Gang and Bhakra Canal System for better management of water distribution.
of every drop of water
Save Water
Preservation
Conservation
Utilization
&
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