Water-Energy-Food Nexus: A conceptual framework for ... · Water-Energy-Food Nexus: A conceptual...
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Water-Energy-Food Nexus: A conceptual framework for strengthening cross-sector interactions
Paul T. Yillia (Dr. techn.) Programme Manager (Water-Energy Nexus)
UN Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All)
Austria
1 Goal: Achieving Sustainable Energy for All by 2030
3 Objectives: Access, Efficiency, Renewables
Sustainable Energy for All by 2030
High-impact opportunity initiatives
to mobilise multi-stakeholder
partnerships, commitments and
investment linked to key Action Areas
Global Action Agenda, with a set of Action Areas, will facilitate dialogues and guide action towards SE4ALL goal globally
Businesses Energy companies Financial players All companies
Governments National governments Public institutions Cities and municipalities Multilateral organizations Bilateral development partners
Civil society Organization Academic institutions Individuals Monitoring and Progress Tracking
to recognize achievements, share lessons and ensure accountability
Country Action to accelerate progress toward nationally-
tailored sustainable energy for all
objectives, based on country’s own action
plans and programmes
All parties must act… …and work together to realize a world with Sustainable Energy for All
Energy efficiency
Renewable energy
Energy access
One Goal: Achieving Sustainable Energy for All by 2030
SE4All.org SE4All.org Country Action
AfDB
EBRD
AsDB
IDB
EE Hubs
Cap. Buil-ding
IRENA
Knowledge (WB)
Main Regional and Thematic Hubs
Regional and Thematic Hubs
Host Institutions and Collaborators
SE4All Africa Hub African Development Bank in collaboration with the African Union, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development and UNDP
SE4All Latin America and Caribbean Hub
Inter-American Development Bank in collaboration with the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and UNDP
SE4All Asia-Pacific Hub Asian Development Bank in collaboration with the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and UNDP
SE4All Europe-Central Asia-Mediterranean Hub
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
SE4All Energy Efficiency Hub
Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency, a joint activity of the Danish Government, UNEP and the Technical University of Denmark
SE4All Energy Efficiency Facilitating Hub
Energy Conservation Center, Japan
SE4All Renewable Energy Hub
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)
SE4All Knowledge Hub The World Bank, for tracking, reporting and data management
SE4All Capacity Building Hub
The Energy and Resources Institute
SE4All Bottom-of-the-Pyramid Hub
UNDP
Action Agendas and Investment Prospectuses
• AAs translate the SE4All objectives (SDG7 targets) into the national context and function as country-level umbrella frameworks for energy sector development.
• IPs describe priority actions, financing needs and energy investment opportunities. These nationally owned documents provide a credible framework for mobilizing investments.
67 Rapid Assessments/Gap Analyses finalized
36 Action Agendas under development
or finalized
25 Investment Prospectuses
under development or
finalized
Baseline Scenario
Alternative Scenario
Alternative Scenario
Alternative Scenario
Strategic action areas
Baseline scenario
Alternative scenario
Policy Landscape
Fragmented: policy development is and still very much sector-driven
Cohesive: policy coherence & governance across sectors and scales
Sector Institutions
Independent sector institutions, with strong differences in objectives & implementation procedures
Independent sector institutions with inter-sector engagement & management approaches
Collaboration among institutions
Poor collaboration among institutions; lack a common framework for planning and measuring progress
Coordinated planning and management with a common framework for planning and measuring progress
Decision making process
Decisions are made without cross-sector consultation and coordination
Increased consultation and recognition of trade-offs and synergies across sectors
Improving coherence and reducing inconsistencies
Independently policy objectives leads to incoherence/inconsistencies
• “water-inconsistent” energy policies
• “energy-inconsistent” water policies
• “water-inconsistent” food policies
• “food-inconsistent” energy policies
If a decision is made at the national level to increase the share of bioenergy, what
implications does this have for water, food and energy?
How should a hydropower dam be designed to support multiple uses and
functions in the watershed and beyond?
How can we ensure that sectoral policies and strategies consider the potential
trade-offs and synergies they might have on other sectors?
Finding answers to these questions is a key Nexus challenge
1. Exploring win-win (synergistic) policies
• Pursuing multiple policy objectives at the same time
Examples: increasing water and energy efficiency; lowering water consumption
through conservation, reducing on water leakages in the distribution system, etc.
Approaches to enhancing policy coherence
Narmada Canal: 1MW of
electricity enough to
power 1000 homes a year
2. Minimizing trade-offs to avoiding conflicts
• Pursuing policy objectives that do not undermine others
Examples: requiring solar hot water systems on new building (Israel); use of waste
heat from thermoelectric power plants to desalinate sea water or creating fish
passes at dam sites that would usually obstruct fish migration.
Approaches to enhancing policy coherence
3. Managing trade-offs
• Minimizing negative impact of one policy on other policies
Example: recycling effluent from bio-refineries to reduce negative impact on freshwater ecosystems; remove environmentally harmful subsidies like energy subsidies the exacerbate groundwater pumping
Approaches to enhancing policy coherence
Responding to Energy’s thirst for water ………….water constraints drive three potential paths…….
Pivot to water reduction technologies… once through cooling vs. closed-loop cooling towers and dry air-cooling
Reduce by switching to zero water use technologies… wind, solar PV, gas engines, gas turbines
Shift to alternate water sources… saline or brackish water
Options for
Power
Utilities
Source: GE Energy, 2012
……seeking alternative water sources, and exploring options for renewable energy
and efficiency improvements
……also to mitigate GHG emissions and critical air pollutants such as CH4 & CO2
Updating technologies with more energy efficient systems is important to reduce costs
Utilities can recover funds for expanding services to unserved or poorly served areas
Multiple
benefits for
water utilities
Investments on energy efficiency and effective operations can produce economic, environmental, and other benefits…….
……if well planned, energy efficiency investments can be extremely cost effective
with short pay-back times of only a few years
Develop harmonized, robust, practical and cost-effective approaches for assessing nexus challenges and trade-offs;
Better integrate the nexus perspective in policies and projects at country level;
Document and disseminate knowledge about nexus solutions and best practices;
Engage international organizations and civil society stakeholders to facilitate the deployment of nexus knowledge, tools/approaches and solutions.
The overall goal of the nexus HIO is to contribute to the achievement of SE4ALL objectives by
improving the awareness and knowledge about the nexus and promoting the implementation of
nexus solutions
SE4All HIO on water-energy-food nexus
SE4All HIO on water-energy-food nexus
Nexus HIO includes the following High Impact Initiatives:
Development of a Nexus Assessment Package (FAO);
Policy Dialogue, Awareness and Knowledge Dissemination (BMZ);
Promotion of sustainable integrated food energy systems (FAO);
Sustainable energy in emergency and rehabilitation (FAO);
Powering Agriculture Energy Grand Challenge (USAID);
Applying the nexus for value addition in agribusiness (REEEP);
Energy in food losses and post-harvest technologies (FAO);
Additional Partners include UNEP and the World Bank.