Waste to Energy:U.S. market and investment opportunities

Table of Contents

Page Title: Page Numbers: U.S. Profile & Facts 5Disadvantages & Advantages 19State Profile 23Incentive & Concerns 44Cost 51Technology 56Conversion Process 65Types of Facilities Used In the U.S. 88Company Profile 91Industry Agencies Law & More 94Market Overview 104Investor Outlook 115Work Cited 123

Market Overview: A look at the market in the U.S.

Market Overview:

In 2011, 621.5 million tons of wastes was handled in the U.S.

Municipal solid waste (MSW)

generation of 429 million tons

Construction and demolition debris generation 117

million tons

Industrial and special wastes generation 76 million tons

Compiled by author from wastebusinessjournal.com

Market Overview:Costs for Thermal

Technologies-Direct Combustion (Mass Burn and RDF) ranges from $7,000 to $10,000 per kW

Pyrolysis ranges from $8,000 to $11,500 per kW

Conventional Gasification ranges from $7,500 to $11,000 per kW

Plasma Arc Gasification ranges from $8,000 to $11,500 per kW

Compiled by author from epa.gov

Market Overview:Global Policy Shifts-

Legislative and policy shifts by European governments have:

Significantly affected the growth of the WTE market

Affected the implementation of advanced technology solutions

Market Overview:Market Outlook WTE

Post-recycled waste is an abundant and readily accessible resource with inherent energy value

WTE technology has sound track record and is available and reliable

Main downfall are large market barriers

Market Overview:Future Outlook-

Some major urban areas in the U.S. have run out of landfill space

Some states impose fines on inter state recyclable waste

Municipal solid waste is becoming more expensive to send to a landfill

Market Overview:Need for Sustainable Waste-

Today’s market conditions present challenges for renewable technologies

Waste-to-energy is appealing to investors due to a need for sustainable waste management and a diverse electric generating mix

Market Overview:Opportunities for

Byproducts-

Technological solutions for both

material and water waste:

Collection and

transportReuse

Recycling and

treatment

Compiled by author from Bloomberg NEF & bcse.org

Investor Outlook:What investors can hope to see in the industry

Investor Outlook:Top 8 Green Investing

Opportunities- Onshore WindOffshore WindSolar Photovoltaic PowerSolar Thermal Electricity GenerationMunicipal Solid Waste To Energy (MSW)

Sugar Based EthanolCellulosic & Next Generation BiofuelsGeothermal

Compiled by author from WTE.org

Investor Outlook:Barriers Obstructing

Investment- Absence of legislation to encourage expansion

Low landfill gate fees

Low or variable energy prices

Challenges with siting of WTE

facilities

Compiled by author from Bloomberg NEF & BCSE.org

Investor Outlook:The Main Drivers of

Growth-Increasing waste generation costs for landfills

High energy cost

Growing concerns over environmental issues

Restricted landfill capacities

Compiled by author from acore.org

Investor Outlook:Upgrades-

Compiled by author from acore.org

By upgrading will enable facilities for energy conversion,

increases the potential to produce end-use products such

as:

Steam Electricity Fuels Chemicals

Investor Outlook:Developers Outlook-

Compiled by author from Bloomberg NEF & bcse.org

Most developers are maintaining a

presence in the U.S. market, some are

eyeing international markets:

Green Power EnergySource Gradient Resources

Contact Us for the Full Presentation:

Mediacontact USA Inc.13575 58TH Street North #160

Clearwater, Fl. 33760

T: 727 538 4112E: contact@mcusa.co

www.mediacontactusa.com

Works Cited: Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: 2013 Fact Sheet. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection

Agency, June 2015. PDF. http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/2013_advncng_smm_fs.pdf “Agricultural & Biomass Waste." Natural Energy Inc. N.p., 20 Nov. 2013. Web. 11 Sept. 2015. http

://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/wte/  "Answers to FAQ." Seas.columbia.edu. Waste-to-Energy Research and Technology Council, n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2015.

http://www.seas.columbia.edu/earth/wtert/faq.html Boekhoudt, André, and Lars Behrendt. "Taxes and Incentives for Renewable Energy." KPMG INTERNATIONAL. KPMG

International Cooperative, Sept. 2014. Web. 11 Sept. 2015. https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/taxes-incentives-renewable-energy-v1.pdf

BioEnergy Consult: Powering a Clean Energy Future http://www.bioenergyconsult.com/tag/waste-to-energy-trends/ Biomass Energy Centre

http://www.biomassenergycentre.org.uk/portal/page?_pageid=75,17506&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL Bloomberg 2014 Sustainable Energy in America http://

www.bcse.org/wp-content/uploads/2014SustainableEnergyinAmericaFactbook1.pdf  Cox, Richard. "RESEARCH REPORT." The Choral Journal 32.8 (1992): 43-45. Web. http

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http://www.epa.gov/lmop/publications-tools/funding-guide/federal-resources/index.html Ecomania Waste to Energy Plant http://www.ecomaine.org/our-facility/waste-to-energy-plant/ "Energy-from-Waste." EFW Waste-to-Energy WTE Renewable Energy Facility Clean World Initiative Sustainability. N.p., n.d.

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Works Cited: "Energy Incentives for Businesses in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act." IRS. IRS, 23 Apr. 2015. Web. 11 Sept.

2015. http://www.irs.gov/uac/Energy-Incentives-for-Businesses-in-the-American-Recovery-and-Reinvestment-Act Energy World.com An Independent Engineering Evaluation of Waste-to-Energy Technologies Thomas Stringfellow and Robert

Witherell, CH2M HILL Engineers, Inc.http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2014/01/an-independent-engineering-evaluation-of-waste-to-energy-technologies.html

Environmental Research & Education Foundation (EREF) Biological Conversion Overview http://www.newmoa.org/events/docs/112_109/EREF_MSW_Conversion_Techs_Aug2013.pdf

xcel Energy http://www.xcelenergy.com/ Funk, Kip, Jana Milford, and Travis Simpkins. Waste Not, Want Not: Analyzing the Economic and Environmental Viability of

Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Technology for Site-Specific Optimization of Renewable Energy Options. Golden, CO: The Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis, Feb. 2013. PDF. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy13osti/52829.pdf

He. WTE (n.d.): n. pag. Web. http://www.wte.org/userfiles/files/ERC_2014_Directory.pdf How Stuff Works.com Gasification http://

science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-tech/energy-production/gasification.htm "Incineration of Municipal Solid Waste: Understanding the Costs and Financial Risks." Pembina Institute. N.p., 9 May 2007.

Web. 11 Sept. 2015. Fact Sheet 4 https://www.pembina.org/reports/Incineration_FS_Costs.pdf Industry.usa.siemans.com

http://www.industry.usa.siemens.com/automation/us/en/process-instrumentation-and-analytics/process-analytics/continuous-gas-analytics/Pages/Biogas-landfill-analyzers.aspx?stc=usiia120073&s_kwcid=AL!464!10!2396329450!24955291792&ef_id=VdYWvwAABf5ySqeE:20150910134737:s 

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Works Cited: Killinger, Jennifer. The Power of Waste. N.p.: American Chemistry Consil, 9 July 2014. PDF.

http://www.americanchemistry.com/Policy/Energy/Energy-Recovery/The-Power-of-Waste.pdf Landfill Gas Recovery http://www.corken.com/Land_Fill_Gas_Recovery LOCAL GOVERNMENT CLIMATE AND ENERGY STRATEGY GUIDES Landfill Gas Energy A Guide to Developing and Implementing

Greenhouse Gas Reduction Programs http://www.epa.gov/statelocalclimate/documents/pdf/landfill_methane_utilization.pdf Michaels, Ted. The Role of Waste-to-Energy in a Renewable and Carbon-Conscious Environment. Washington, DC: Energy

Recovery Council, 17 Mar. 2011. PDF. Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG) Recycling Committee Meeting. http://www.mwcog.org/uploads/committee-documents/ZF5WX1dX20110321092643.pdf

Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2012. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Feb. 2014. PDF. http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/2012_msw_fs.pdf

Natural Energy Systems: Agricultural and Biomass Waste http://www.naturalenergyinc.com/agricultural-biomass-waste Pyrocrat Pyrolysisplant.com http://www.pyrolysisplant.com/plastic-and-tyre-pyrolysis/ REA Renewable Energy Association http://www.r-e-a.net/pdf/energy-from-waste-guide-for-decision-makers.pdf 2013 Renewable Energy Institute. Austin, TX: UTCLE, The U of Texas School of Law, 2013. Web.

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Works Cited: The Outlook for Renewable Energy in America. Washington, DC: American Council On Renewable Energy, 2014. PDF.

http://www.acore.org/files/pdfs/ACORE_Outlook_for_RE_2014.pdf The Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA). Waste-to-Energy Facilities Provide Significant Economic Benefits. Solid

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