Waste Generation and ManagementBarriers to recycling waste CRTsCRT manufacturing process is a complicated and sensitive process hence exact knowledge of raw materials is needed to avoid any production shut downs due to contamination. Although the CRT manufacturers are well aware of the raw materials used in traditional CRT glass manufacturing, this is not the case with using recycled CRT glass. For this reason some CRT manufacturers are reluctant to use scrap CRT glass. Hence not knowing the exact composition of the recycled glass is one of the main barriers to recycling. Open-loop recycling is difficult process (compared to closed-loop) as it is difficult to use waste CRT glass which may contain elements such as lead and cadmium in products such as glass containers, table-ware or glass fibres. The inner surface of the panel glass is coated with different layers which consist of different types of heavy metals and hazardous substances. For example, the fluorescent powder coating used in colour CRTs contain cadmium and phosphorus. These materials hinder the recycling of CRT glass.Metal smelting. Recovers only 50% of the lead whilst producing a contaminated toxic slag that is either used as landfill or low value aggregate.The recycling technologies for ordinary bottle glass is readily available compared to recycling technology for CRT glass and collection infrastructure for ordinary glass is well established worldwide. This has resulted in a surplus supply of recycled glass for ordinary glass manufacturing industry.The recycling infrastructure for scarp televisions and computer monitors is not well established in Romania resulting in low generation of scarp CRT glass.

The major problem faced in the recycling of cathode ray tube (CRT) waste sourced fromdiscarded old computer monitors and televisions is the high content of lead in the neck andfunnel glass [1-3]. Proper treatment of the CRT funnel glass is essential to avoid lead (ahazardous chemical) from the broken funnel glass leaching into soil and groundwatercausing environmental pollution and risk to public healthOPENAND CLOSEDLOOP RECYCLINGClosed Loop Recyclingn 2008, cathode-ray tubes (CRTs) became a dead technology. As reported by analytics [1, 2], sales volumes of CRT-based monitors dropped to just 0.1% (600 thousand pcs.) of the total market share, compared with 68% (3.18 million pcs.) in 20o4. In 2008, the largest global manufacturing companies announced that they would stop the production of CRT-based TV sets and computer monitors. Since 2008, they have been selling off the remaining stockn 2008, cathode-ray tubes (CRTs) became a dead technology. As reported by analytics [1, 2], sales volumes of CRT-based monitors dropped to just 0.1% (600 thousand pcs.) of the total market share, compared with 68% (3.18 million pcs.) in 20o4. In 2008, the largest global manufacturing companies announced that they would stop the production of CRT-based TV sets and computer monitors. Since 2008, they have been selling off the remaining stock