Warm-up

What is the Congress of Vienna, and what is its main purpose?

At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon by attempting to

A.Spread the idea of democracyB.Restore old regimes to powerC.Encourage nationalist movementsD.Promote the European free-trade zone

Revolutions in Latin America

Uprising in Haiti Haiti an island in the

Caribbean The 1st Latin American

revolution took place in the French colony of Haiti

90% of Haitians were slaves who worked fields to provide Europe with sugar and coffee

In the 1790s, Toussaint L’Ouverture (a former slave) led a revolt against the FrenchEventually captured and

died in a French prisonHaitians took advantage of

French soldiers’ sickness due to malaria and defeated the French

In 1804, Haiti became Latin America’s 1st independent former colony

Class system in Latin America

Peninsulares – people born in Spain

Mestizos – mixed European and Indian ancestry

Creoles – fully Spanish, born in Latin America

Africans

Mulattos – mixed European and African ancestry

IIndians

Revolutions• Creoles in Latin

America well educated, but couldn’t hold political power– During 1700s, they go

back to Europe for education, read latest in books

• What sorts of readings are going to be popular at this time?

Why would the Creoles be the most likely group to lead a revolution?