WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1
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Transcript of WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1
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WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1• In your 3 brad folder:
• Define homeostasis in your own words.
(Hint: look in cell theory notes)
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Cellular ProcessesDay 1
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Objectives
1. Define homeostasis.2. Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model.3. List items that enter & exit the cell .
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Homeostasis
= ability to maintain internal equilibrium– Maintain = keep– Internal = inside– Equilibrium = stable or balanced
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Why is maintaining homeostasis in our body & cells important?
An imbalance = disease or death!
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Cell Membrane• Function: 1) Regulates what enters & exits cell
2) Provides protection & support
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Cell Membrane AKAs• AKA: Plasma Membrane• AKA: Phospholipid Bilayer• AKA: Fluid Mosaic Model
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Fluid Mosaic Model• Fluid = not solid, membrane moves• Mosaic = made of many parts
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Parts of a Plasma Membrane• Different Macromolecules in membrane:
1) Lipids = create bi-layer2) Protein = create channel to pass large items3) Carbohydrate Chains = identifying markers
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A Closer Look at the Cell Membrane
Phosphate head
Fatty Tails
Lipid Bi-Layer = 2 layers
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Phospholipid Bilayer
Latin Root: Bi = 2
• Phospholipid = hydrophilic head + hydrophobic tail BILAYER
• Hydrophilic = water loving• Hydrophobic = water fearing• Water & Oil do not mix
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What Enters?
• What the cell needs for survival1) Nutrients2) Water3) Oxygen 4) Nucleic Acids (blueprint)
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What Exits?• What the cell needs to remove for survival
(wastes)1) Carbon Dioxide2) Excess water 3) Urea 4) Other cellular wastes
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Membranes1) Permeable = anything can cross
2) Impermeable = nothing can cross 3) Selectively Permeable = some substances can cross, but not others
AKA Semipermeable
***Most membranes are selective***
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Phospholipid Bilayer and maintaining homeostasis
• Keep Balance = membrane selectively permeable
NO ENTRYENTER
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Egg Lab: Day 11. Paste chart onto spare
sheet of notebook paper you picked up at the door
2. Write your name, date, and period at top right corner of
notebook paper3. Hypothesis: I believe the
egg shell will _______ with vinegar.
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Egg Lab: Day 2
Answer questions 1-2 in complete sentence
Hypothesis Day 2: “ I believe…”- Will the syrup level go up or down?- Will the egg get larger or smaller?
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WARM UP: Wed, Oct 2• In your 3 brad folder:
• What is the difference between a permeable and impermeable membrane?
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Cellular ProcessesDay 2
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Objectives
1. Define diffusion & osmosis.2. Explain the 3 types of osmosis.3. Define osmotic pressure.4. Predict the results of an osmotic lab
experiment.
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How “things” get selected to come into and out of the cell…
DIFFUSION OSMOSIS
PASSIVE TRANSPORT
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DIFFUSION= movement of particles from high to low
- Goes w/ the crowd - w/ the concentration gradient
• Does NOT require energy • Diffusion stops when 2
areas are EQUAL (homeostasis)
Low High
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Facilitated Diffusion = movement larger molecules w/ “help” from protein channels• Does NOT require energy
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OSMOSIS = diffusion (movement) of water
- From high to low- W/ the crowd- Does NOT require energy
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Solvent & Solute
• Solvent = the liquid portion– i.e. the water in a salt water
mixture• Solute = the part that is
mixed in– i.e. the salt in a salt water
mixture
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3 Types of Osmosis1) Hypertonic Solution = > (greater)
concentration of solute outside the cell than inside
- Cell Shrink
Latin root: Hyper = over, more, higher
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3 Types of Osmosis 2) Hypotonic Solution = < (lower)
concentration of solute outside the cell than inside
- Cell Burst
Latin root: Hypo = under, less, lower
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3 Types of Osmosis 3) Isotonic Solution = concentration solute
outside = concentration inside- Cell stays the same
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Osmotic Pressure
= pressure exerted on a cell membrane due to concentration gradient
= different conc. on either side of the cell membrane
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Egg Lab: Day 2
Answer questions 1-2 in complete sentence
Hypothesis Day 2: “ I believe…”- Will the syrup level go up or down?- Will the egg get larger or smaller?
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Egg Lab: Day 3
Answer questions 3-7 in complete sentences
Hypothesis Day 3: “I believe…”- Will the water level go up or down?- Will the egg get larger or smaller?
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WARM UP: Thurs, Oct 3• In your 3 brad folder:
• What is the difference between a hypertonic solution & a hypotonic solution?
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Cellular ProcessesDay 3
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Objectives 1. Define active transport.2. List the types of active transport.3. Define concentration.4. Predict the results of an osmotic lab
experiment.
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Osmotic Pressure
= pressure exerted on a cell membrane due to concentration gradient
= different conc. on either side of the cell membrane
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Active Transport= movement of molecules against the
concentration gradient***Low to High***
– Against the crowd– REQUIRES energy– ATP = energy in cell ATPRequiresEnergy
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Endosytosis= take materials into cellLatin root: endo = inner
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Endosytosis• Type 1:
Phagosytosis= engulf and ingest
particles= “cell eating”- EX: white blood
cells eating invading bacteria cells
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• Type 2: Pinocytosis= ingest extracellular
fluid & its contents= “cell drinking”– EX: human egg cells
drinking nutrients from surrounding cells while maturing in ovary
Endosytosis
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Exosytosis= cell releases materials to the outside
- discharge as membrane-bounded vesicles - pass through the cell membrane
= “out of the cell”
Latin root: Ex = outer, away from
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Egg Lab: Day 3
Answer questions 3-7 in complete sentences
Hypothesis Day 3: “I believe…”- Will the water level go up or down?- Will the egg get larger or smaller?
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WARM UP: Fri, Oct 4• In your 3 brad folder:
• Define the term equilibrium
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Egg Lab: Day 4
- Answer questions 8-12 in complete sentences
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Friday, Oct 4
• Periods 1, 2, & 5 = Cell Process worksheets
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WARM UP: Mon, Oct 7• In your 3 brad folder:
• What are the 3 macromolecules found in the plasma membrane?
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WARM UP: Wed, Oct 9• In your 3 brad folder:What type of active transport is shown in this diagram?
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Cellular ProcessesDay 4
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Objectives
1. Describe the difference between positive (+) and negative (-) feedback.
2. Define solution & concentration 3. Define concentration gradient.
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Solution & Concentration
Solution = mixture 2+ substancesConcentration = amount of substance
(solute) in liquid (solvent)
– Cytoplasm = one concentration– Outside of cell = another concentration*** Want balance (homeostasis)***
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Concentration • Concentration gradient = unequal
distribution on either side of a membrane
• Equilibrium = concentration same on both sides of cell
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Feedback Mechanism = loop system in which system responds in
either: 1) same direction (positive feedback) 2) opposite direction (negative
feedback)
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Feedback Mechanism
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Feedback Mechanisms • Channels = allows larger particles to
come in. (Gate/Door)• Receptors = signal (Intercom) • Markers = identify the type of cell (ID Badge)
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Positive Feedback = results in amplification or growth of output
signal
• Ex: If you eat a McDouble at McDonalds, a hormone is released to your brain to signal satiation. You will feel the same “happiness” each time you eat the hamburger.
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Negative Feedback = results in system responding in the
opposite direction• EX: Regulation of blood glucose levels.
– Blood glucose levels continue to rise – May result in diabetes
• EX: Sweating
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Egg Lab: Day 4
- Answer questions 8-12 in complete sentences
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Feedback Research 1. Using a laptop, research an example of positive or
negative feedback. 2. Use the next blank page in your spiral to write a 6-8
sentence summary of the article you found. Be sure to write if it is a POSITIVE or NEGATIVE feedback.
3. Write the website that you found your information from at the bottom of your page.
4. This will be worth 4 stamps.
Login: first 5 letters of last name; first 3 letters of first name; 000 ( try 001 if you have the same name as someone else in the school) Password: student ID #
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Avid Thinking Strategy • Map News! Page 9 #19
Title of News Article or Topic
How does thisAffect me? Name of
SourceDate
Science Fact
ConclusionCluesEvidence
New Vocabulary
Branch ofScience
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WARM UP: Tues, Oct 8• In your 3 brad folder:1) List two types of passive
transport. 2) Is the movement from high to
low or low to high w/ passive transport?
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Tues, Oct 8
Latin Roots Quiz& Osmosis/Diffusion
Worksheets
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Latin Roots Quiz
1. Bi = ______ 6. Macro = _____
2. Mono = _____ 7. Endo = ______3. Bio = ______ 8. Hypo = ______4. Poly = ______ 9. Hyper = _____5. Di = ________ 10. Ex = _______
Bonus: Cyto = ______
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WARM UP: Wed, Oct 9• In your 3 brad folder:What type of active transport is shown in this diagram?
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Wed, Oct 9
Stations Review
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WARM UP: Thurs, Oct 10• In your 3 brad folder:• What process is shown in the
diagram?
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Thurs, Oct 10
Gems of Wisdom
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WARM UP: Fri, Oct 11• In your 3 brad folder:• Define the term positive
feedback and give an example.
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Fri, Oct 11
Test
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Alternate Assignment for Field Trip
1. Research a saltmarsh & wetlands habitat. 2. Look up the Galveston Bay Foundation & their Hip to Habitat program.3. Write a 2 page essay on how GBF helps preserve/restore saltmarsh habitat in our area.