War Turns for the Allies · Loss with BofBritain –Hitler turned East Operation Barbarossa...
Transcript of War Turns for the Allies · Loss with BofBritain –Hitler turned East Operation Barbarossa...
Warm-Up
Prompt: As an American, what feelings does the poster evoke? What does the poster want you to do? What happened on the date in question?
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Warm up Q
Axis vs. Allies
Axis Powers
Germany
Italy
Japan
Allied Powers
AKA “Grand Alliance”
Great Britain
United States
Soviet Union
Loss with BofBritain – Hitler turned East
Operation Barbarossa – Invasion of USSR
June 22, 1941 – Hitler invades USSR, assumed it would be a quick win before the Russian winter set in
Early winter, Soviet counterattack in Dec. 1941, and unprepared troops stopped Hitler’s advances – first time in war!
Attack on the USSR
Recall: When was Pearl Harbor?
Dec. 7, 1941 – the date that will live in infamy
After Pearl Harbor, the US joins the war –Allies
US fight in Pacific against Japan (Pacific Campaign) & Europe
First stop – N. Africa
US Entry to War
Gen. Rommel (the Desert Fox) & Axis Powers had Egyptian city of El Alamein
Brits, led by Gen. Montgomery, took them by surprise with massive attack
Battle of El Alamein (Oct. 23 – Nov. 4, 1942) –Monty pushes Rommel out
Operation Torch (Nov. 8) – Am. troops surrounds Rommel, pushed out of N. Afr.
Battle of El Alamein
Battle of Stalingrad
2nd Front of Euro. – USSR
Battle of Stalingrad (Aug. 23, 1942 – Feb. 2, 1943)
Germ. Luftwaffe bombed the city of Stalingrad, hoped Soviets would surrender
By Nov. 1942, Germ. controlled most of city but winter was coming
Soviets surrounded Stalingrad and cut of supplies to Germ. troops
Both Stalin and Hitler told soldiers to win “at all costs”
Feb. 1943 – Germ. Soldiers surrender, but city is mostly destroyed
TPS: What advantages might a weaker army fighting on its home soil have over a stronger invading army?
Germ. are now on defensive, fighting on two fronts
Before going to France, Allies (Brit. and Am.) attacked Italy – take out Mussolini
July 1943 – invasion into It. Sept. 3 – It. Surrenders
Mussolini is captured on April 27, 1945 –shot and hung in Milan
The Turning Tide of the War
In war-torn countries (USSR, Brit.) civilians suffered extreme hardships
Am. did not suffer as much (other than PH)
Am. made important contributions to Allied war effort
Produced weapons and equipment for the war
Allied Home Fronts
Factories converted to wartime production
By 1944, 18 mil. US workers (mostly female) had jobs in war industries
TPS: Why were so many women needed to work in war industries?
Rationing – limits on meat, sugar, gasoline, etc.
Propaganda used to inspire ppl to help the war effort
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vLrTNKk89Q
Allied Home Fronts
War Limits Civil Rights
After PH, prejudice rose against Jp.-Am. – seen as the enemy
Feb. 19, 1942 – Exec. Order 9066 for internment of Jp.-Am. considered a threat
Internment camps –rounded up “aliens” and moved to camps
Most were native-born Am. whose parents were Japanese
Many Jp.-Am. volunteered for mil. service and fought for the US 442nd Infantry – fought in
Euro., most decorated unit in Am. warfare, almost entirely Jp.-Am.
Should governments have the power to limit the rights of their citizens during wartime? Explain your answer.
Summary Question