Wales Research and Diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography ... Meetings/2-3 October 08... · Wales...
Transcript of Wales Research and Diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography ... Meetings/2-3 October 08... · Wales...
Wales Research and Diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Centre
“PETIC”
An Overview
Peter EdwardsExecutive Director
• Extra-stable dual beam mode using harmonic coils
• High energy : 18 MeV protons
9 MeV deuterons
• High current : up to 150 μA, protons
up to 40 μA, deuterons
• High yield targets : up to 15 Ci 18F -
• Eight targets distributed around the cyclotron for more flexibility and low exposure
• Nirta® Solid target technology for novel radioisotopes: 124I, 64Cu, ...
• Quick disconnect targets for easy maintenance
• Redundant and instant exchange of foil extraction system
• Long-life ion source
Cyclone® 18/9 -HC (High Current) model
PET Tracer Production Areas
Twin hot cell radiopharmaceutical
production suite (GMP)
IBA Synthera® Chemistry Synthesis Units
Integrated Fluidic Processor™
Single-use sterilized IFPTM pack:Plastic frame with 8 rotaryvalves, 6 vial holders, 2 cartridgeholders, 1 reactor vial, integratedinterconnecting tubes
FDG reagent sets (certificate of analysis):Vial 1: Cryptand solutionVial 2: Mannose triflateVial 3: Sodium HydroxydeVial 4: Sterile water for injection
Ancillary supplies set:(QMA cartridge and filters),solvents,final product container.
QC Laboratory
• HPLC system with radio- and refractive index detectors
• HPLC High-flow system with radio-, UV and RI detectors
• HPLC system with Electrochemical detector
• TLC Radiochromatography Scanner with MCA
• Gas Chromatograph with Head-Space sampler
• NaI-based Gamma Counter
• Endosafe® endotoxin test system
• Gonotec Cryoscopic Osmometer
• Balance
• pH meter
Radiochemical Research Area
Triple hot cell research suite
Research Hot-Cells
Research Chemistry Synthesis Modules:
• IBA Synthera ® - 18F chemistry• GE Tracerlab - 11C chemistry• Customised modules – metal-based chemistry
Research Chemistry Analytic Systems:
• HPLC High-flow system: radio-, UV & RI detectors• HPLC High-flow system: Single Quad Mass Spectrometer & RI detectors• TLC Radiochromatography Scanner – multichannel analyser • Gas Chromatograph with Head-Space sampler• Germanium-based Gamma Counter• LAMBDA 750 UV/Vis/NIR Spectrophotometer (175nm-3300nm)• Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrometer with Diamond ATR module
Conventional PET Isotopes
13,000----------
250
1,000
120----------
60
60
H218O (96%)
---------------------Ne (natural) +F2carrier
18O2
18O(p,n)18F----------------20Ne(d,α)18F
18O2(p,n)18F2
F-
----------
F211018F
500 /min (cont.flow)
400/min (cont.flow)
on line
N2+ 1% O2
N2+ 2% CO2
14N(d,n)15O
O2
CO2215O
40015H2O (natural) + 5mM Ethanol
16O(p,α)13NNH31013N
3,0001,000
3015
N2+ 0.5-1% O2N2+ 5 % H2
14N(p,α)11CCO2CH4
2011C
Recovered ActivityEOB (mCi)
Irradiation Time (min)
Target MaterialTarget Reaction
Chemical Form
Half-life (min)
Isotope
Organic molecule labelling76Se(p,n)76Br97255%β+ (EC)76Bromine
Organic molecule labelling (thymidine – tissue
proliferation)75Se(p,n)75Br9373%β+ (EC)75Bromine
Organic molecule labelling124Te(p,n)124I604824%β+ (EC)124Iodine
Organic molecule labelling120Te(p,n)120I9556% β+ (EC)120Iodine
Ga-citrate tumor imaging; antibody binding
66Zn(p,n)66Ga56956% β+ (EC)66Gallium
Potential UsesTarget ReactionHalf-life, minDecay ModeIsotope
Unconventional PET Isotopes
Cardiac imaging94Mo(p,n)94Tc5270%β+ (EC)94Technetium
Antibodies, chelating compounds86Sr(p,n)86Y88432%β+ (EC)86Yttrium
Metabolism/therapy64Ni(p,n)64Cu76217% β+ (39% β-, EC)64Copper
peptides62Zn/62Cu gen1098 % β+62Copper
antibodies61Ni(p,n)61Cu20061% β+ (EC)61Copper
Cu chelators60Ni(p,n)60Cu2493% β+ (EC)60Copper
antitumor45Sc(p,n)45Ti18585% β+ (EC)45Titanium
Potential UsesTarget ReactionHalf-life, minDecay ModeIsotope
Transition Metal PET Isotopes
Clinical PET/CT : GE Discovery VCT
GE Discovery VCT Rx
4.2x6.3x30 mm lutetium yttrium orthosilicate (LYSO) crystals grouped in 9x6 blocks.
24 rings with 630 crystals per ring, ring diameter 886 mm
Fields of view: 700mm transaxial and157 mm axial
The scanner can operate in both 2D and 3D modes.
The Discovery VCT RX possesses high NECR, low scatter fraction, and good spatial resolution characteristics.
system sensitivity: 1.7 cps/kBq in 2D and 7.3 cps/kBq in3Dscatter fraction 13.1% (31.8%)peak noise equivalent count rate (NECR): 155 kcps at 92.1 kBq/mL
(117.7 kcps at 21.7 kBq/mL) FWHM resolution ~ 5mm voxel (2D & 3D)
PET Performance
GE Discovery VCT RxCT Performance
64 Slice detector: 58,368 detector elements in 64x0.625 mm thick rowsSlip ring technology with 360o scanning & table incrementation (no inter-scan delay)Up to 64 contiguous axial planes acquired simultaneously with each rotation40 mm anatomical coverage per rotation at isocentre with 0.625 mm slicesXtreamTM FX for reconstructionECG gated CT-acquisitionsOptiDose management:
bowtie filters for coronary angiography & pediatric body scans3D & ECG dose modulationcardiac specific image filtersCollimator hardware & software for X-ray beam tracking
Discovery Dimension Console
VUE Point – PET image ReconstructionRad Rx Radiology Prescription Interface for PET/CT4Dx Diagnostic 4D PETVolume viewer, including PET/CT fusionImage analysis tools
Clinical Service
Colon and RectumAssessment of recurrent disease, Prior to metastectomy for colorectal cancer
LymphomaStaging of Hodgkins lymphoma & of NonHodgkins lymphoma
LungDifferentiation of benign versus malignant lesions where anatomical imaging or biopsy are inconclusive or there is a relative contraindication to biopsyPreoperative staging of non small cell lung cancerStaging of lung cancer prior to radical radiotherapy
Also cancer patients over 75 years of age or where there is evidence of inability to travel
Clinical staff (radiologists, radiographers) and support staff (receptionist) to support the clinical service will be provided under a Service Level Agreement.
At present Health Commission Wales only supports the following PET scans:
Training
The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2000
“practitioner” / "referrer” radiologists / other clinical specialists"operator” radiologists, medical physicists, medical physics technicians, nurses,
radiographers, radiopharmacists"practical aspects” medical physicists, medical physics technicians,
radiopharmacists
The Administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee (ARSAC)
Regulation 2 of the Medicines (Administration of Radioactive Substances) Regulations 1978 (MARS Regulations 1978) requires that any doctor or dentist who wishes to administer radioactive medicinal products to humans should hold a certificate issued by Health Ministers
University Post-Graduate Qualifications
MSc (T/R)PhDAt the Post-Doctoral Level, training programmes to facilitate “discipline hopping”
Pre-clinical Research Facility
Pre-Clinical Gamma Medica Ideas PET/CT/SPECT
• user interface controls all modalities • all data is saved in DICOM format
including vital signs and specific scan data• Pre-defined imaging protocols can be designed to
ensure the same imaging parameters are used for each subject studied.
• VIVID™ (Volumetric Image Visualization, Identification and Display) software package designed specifically for FLEX Triumph™
• provides One-Step Fusion™automates fusion and co-display of up to four co-acquired images (SPECT/SPECT/PET/CT).
• automated loading of SPECT, PET and CT image data, automated 2D and 3D visualization modules
• high pixel definition, fast camera manouvers for projection data and streamlined image segmentation
• quantification for time-activity curves of dynamic data for bio-distribution studies.
X-SPECT™• Cadmium Zinc Telluride (eV-CZT™), 1-4 γ detectors• spatial resolution better than 0.3 mm.• zoom from 1.5 cm to 17.5 cm.• SpiralSPECT - high-resolution images over large areas
computer-controlled animal bed moves in an axial direction during data acquisitionreconstruction software yields images with resolution equal to that obtained using standard circular imaging techniques
• Multiple isotope SPECT imaging capabilities with ev-CZT detectorse.g. simultaneous imaging of 99mTc and 123I
• SynApSPECT (Synthetic Aperture SPECT) includes:base with interchangeable apertures – incl’ multiple pinhole aperturesproprietary reconstruction softwarebetter resolution than the size of the pinholeshigh sensitivity; significant reduction in acquisition time or delivered dose.two focal lengths, accommodating multiple fields of view
LabPET™ & X-PET™
• better image contrast due to "true pixel" resolution (no resolution degradation or spatial distortion due to coding)
• higher count rate performance, make it a superior system.
• Avalanche PhotoDiode (APD) detectors and fully digital signal processing
• detector design achieves true crystal geometric resolution: no resolution loss due to light sharing or electronic coding.
• The superior full-width-at-tenth-of-maximum (FWTM) resolution (1.2mm) improves image contrast and edge sharpness, leading to clearer images.
• high sensitivity, X-PET also offers a large axial field of view
TracerProduction
Training
BasicResearch
ClinicalResearch
ClinicalDiagnostic Service
TranslationalResearch
PET in Cardiff
ComputationalSciences
Physical Sciences“the foundations of PET”
Multi-disciplinarity
Physical studies:New probes/applications
properties, design, synthesis
In-vitro studies:biological distribution,
stability, toxicity, specificity
In-vivo studies:imaging response, specificity, mobility
Research Infrastructure
CUBRIC – Cardiff University Brain Repair Imaging CentreHuman MRI (3T), MEG
EMRIC – Experimental Magnetic Resonance Imaging CentrePre-clinical (small bore) MRI (9.4T)
OCT – Optical Coherence Tomography
CARS – Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy
Optical – Luminescence
ARCCa – Advanced Research Computing @ Cardiff
Wales Cancer Bank
CR-UK Cancer Centre
MRC Neuroscience Network
For further details please contact:
Professor Peter EdwardsExecutive DirectorWales Research & Diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging CentreSchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityHeath ParkCardiff CF14 4XN
℡: +44 (0)29 20874083email: [email protected], [email protected]