Wakefield School Course Catalog (20160314)€¦ · Each student should also review the Graduation...

Wakefield School Course Catalog (20160314)

1

2016 2017 COURSE CATALOG

GRADES 9-12


2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Course of Study in the Upper School:

Course Registration Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Course Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Graduation Requirements for Class of 2017 and Class

of 2018…………………... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Graduation Requirements for Class of 2019 and Class

of 2020………………………………...……….. 5

Advanced Placement Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Drop/Add Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Summer Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Course Descriptions:

English Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Math Department

Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Science Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

History Department

History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Social Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

World Languages Department

Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Latin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

French . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Fine Arts Department

Performing Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Visual Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Tech Ed…………………………….……………… 33

Physical Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Independent Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35


3

COURSE OF STUDY IN THE UPPER SCHOOL

The Upper School curriculum provides the college bound student with a liberal arts

background.

Within the basic core curriculum, students have a number of choices to make

among world languages, electives, and areas of interest at the advanced level.

While considering their interests, abilities, desires, and activity load, all students

are encouraged to pursue the most rigorous course load that they can successfully

complete.

Students, parents, advisors, the Head of the Upper School, and the College

Counselor may influence the ultimate selection of courses. Since students select

courses before instructors are assigned, classes are scheduled “blind,” that is,

without regard for who is teaching the class section.

COURSE REGISTRATION PROCESS

Use this catalog in conjunction with the grade appropriate Course Selection Sheet

provided by the US Division Head.

After carefully reading through this introductory section, determine which courses

to request for next year by soliciting the advice of parents, teachers, the college

counselor, and the academic advisor. Once courses have been selected, obtain all

required signatures and give the completed form to the US office.

Each student should also review the Graduation Requirements Tracking Sheet with

the assistance of the academic advisor. The tracking sheet will assist the student

and the advisor in determining which courses are needed for graduation and

provide a tool for tracking student progress in scheduling and completing required

courses.

Unforeseen circumstances may dictate some changes in the course offerings and programs

described here. For example, low enrollment in a class may require the school to drop that

course for the year. Additional problems with scheduling may arise because a student is taking

several single section courses. Description of a course here or the selection of a course by the

student does not guarantee that course will be available.


4

COURSE LOAD

All Upper School students must take five (5) Uacademic U courses each year.

Students should work with their academic advisors to outline a tentative course

sequence for their remaining years in the Upper School. The following are some

important parameters to consider.

GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS for the Class of 2017 and 2018

A Wakefield School Diploma is awarded when the student accrues a minimum of

27 credits.

Based on math and world languages placements in Middle School, a student may

carry up to 3 credits (Algebra 1, Geometry, and World Languages Level 1) into the

Upper School.

Required Recommended

English 8

Mathematics 3 4

Science 2 4

History 3 4

US Government 1

World Languages 2 4

Fine Arts 1

Physical Education 2

Electives 5 6 – 8

Total 27


5

Requirements starting with the Class of 2019

9th

an

d 1

0th

Gra

de

Yea

rs

2 English Literature

2 English Composition

2 History (World/US)

2 Math

2 Same World Languages

1 Physical Education

1 Visual / Performing Arts

2 Sciences (Biology/Chemistry)

2 Electives +

Students should have at least 14 credits at the end of their sophomore year.

Liberal Arts Global Studies Visual/Performing Arts

STEM

11

th a

nd

12

th G

rad

e Y

ear

s

Co

re C

ou

rses

o 2 Literature o 1 Jr Thesis o 1 Sr. Thesis o 1 W language o 1 Math o 1 Science o 1 History o 1 Government o 1 V/P Arts o 1PE o Up to 5 Electives +

o 2 Literature o 1 Jr Thesis o 1 Math o 1 Science o 1 V/P Art

2 Literature 1 Jr. Thesis 1 W Language 1 Math 1 Hist/Govt 1 Science

2 Literature

1 Jr Thesis

1 W Language

1 Hist/Govt

1 V/P Art

Pro

gram

Co

urs

ewo

rk o 2 Non-Western

History o 1 Hist/Gov o 3 W Languages o 1 GS Elective o 1 GS Thesis o 2 Electives+

4 sequential courses in photo, music, studio, tech or drama)

2 V/P Electives 1 V/P Arts Thesis 2 Electives+

2 math including Calc AB or BC

1 AP Science

Physics

1 Tech/Engineering

2 STEM Electives

1 STEM Thesis

2 Electives+

ADVANCED PLACEMENT (AP) COURSES

Wakefield School offers over a dozen Advanced Placement (AP) courses, which

prepare students for the AP exams, administered each year in the spring. All AP

courses follow curriculum detailed by the College Board course description. All

AP syllabi are audited and approved by the College Board. The AP program is a

cooperative endeavor with the College Board designed to:

serve students who wish to pursue college-level studies while still in high

school

enable secondary schools that desire to offer these opportunities to do so

enable colleges that participate to encourage and recognize achievement.

Scores on the AP exams range from zero (0) to five (5). Credits or exemptions are

given at the discretion of the college or university.


6

Both Wakefield School and the College Board expect students who take AP

courses to sit for the exam. Students arrange to take these exams through the AP

Coordinator and their AP teacher. There is a fee for these exams which is paid for

by the students.

All students taking AP courses must sign a Statement of Understanding and

participate in the applicable AP Jumpstart Session at the end of the summer

(August). Students who do not submit a signed Statement of Understanding for

their AP course(s) will not be enrolled in the course(s). Students who do not honor

the Statement of Understanding will be required to withdraw from the course.

DROP/ADD POLICY

In standard and honors courses, students may drop a course through the second

(2P

ndP) week of the first trimester without penalty. In AP classes, students may drop

a course through the third (3 P

rdP) week of the first trimester without penalty. If a

course is dropped after the no-penalty period, a “WP” (withdrawn passing) or

“WF” (withdrawn failing) will be entered on the student report card and student

transcript.

A student, parent, or teacher may initiate the add/drop process with the student’s

academic advisor.

Because students must carry a minimum of 5 academic courses, if a dropped

course brings the number of academic courses below 5, the student must add

another class.

SUMMER READING

All students are required to read certain books during the summer break. Book

lists and reading guidelines are given to the students prior to leaving school for the

summer. Shortly after students return for the fall term, books are discussed in the

English classes. Upper School students are tested on the required reading material.


7

English: All students must successfully complete four years of Literature. In addition,

students must successfully complete the 9 P

thP and 10 P

thP grade Interdisciplinary Composition

classes, the 11P

thP grade Literary Criticism class, and the 12 P

thP grade Senior Thesis class.

Literature 12: World Literature

Available to Grades: 12

Meets Graduation Requirement

Full Year Course

Course Offered Every Year

Prerequisite: None

Literature 12 is designed to introduce students to some of

the approaches and expectations of a freshman-level

college literature course. The reading list includes a variety

of genres, themes, authors, periods, and national literatures,

and varies from year to year.

The goal is to guide students through close readings of

major works, and, building upon the comprehension and

analytical skills introduced during a student’s tenth and

eleventh grade courses, complete the development of their

own philosophical approach to the study and appreciation

of literature. This course places emphasis on close reading

of the text as the primary source of each student’s

understanding and analysis.

As most students will have completed the SAT’s at this

point, the focus of vocabulary during this year is mostly

towards an appreciation of language and its usage instead

of any preparation for a test. Moreover, students broaden

their cultural literacy and are exposed to the study of

linguistics. Major works read include Hamlet, One

Hundred Years of Solitude, Grapes of Wrath, and The

Stranger.

Literature 11: British Literature



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Literature 11 serves as an introduction to the major works

of British Literature, from the eighth century to the

twentieth century. Students learn to recognize the

important schools of British thought and literary

development, while building a strong familiarity with

literary terms and theory. More importantly, however, the

course seeks to develop students’ skills as analytical and

critical readers.

Through careful reading, focused discussion, and targeted

writing exercises, students explore the processes of

analysis, synthesis and expression which constitute the core

of critical thought. The 11 P

thP grade Literature course is

designed to work in tandem with the Composition 11:

Critical Writing course.

Vocabulary is also taught as part of the Literature 11

course. Word lists (culled from their readings and recent

SAT tests) are distributed and tested upon weekly.

Students are expected to remember, recognize, and use all

words, both for the quizzes and in their subsequent reading

and writing. Major works read include Beowulf, Macbeth,

Frankenstein, and The Power and the Glory.

AP Literature: British Literature



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Department Chair Approval

AP Literature follows the standard 11 P

thP grade British

Literature curriculum in its content, but demands more

extensive and higher quality work from the students. AP

students read an average of four extra texts per year, and

write approximately four extra essays a trimester. Class

time is spent in student-led discussions, with an emphasis

on close textual reading and coherent argumentation.

Several times over the course of the year, AP students

participate in timed-writing and reading comprehension

drills in order to prepare for the AP test. In addition to the

major works read in Literature 11, AP students may also

read Murder in the Cathedral, To the Lighthouse, Waiting

for Godot, Pride and Prejudice, and A Bend in the River.

Literature 10: American Literature



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Literature 10 is a survey course in American literature. The

content is the traditional canon, but the course is strongly

influenced by the Department's emphasis on understanding

the philosophical development that took place during the

years covered in survey courses. This being the case, the

tenth grade course ties carefully to the ideas presented in

the ninth grade Philosophy and Literature course. The class


8

approaches works together in a discussion format and

incorporates rhetorical analysis.

Contemporary writers and current works are included in the

final grading period. Testing demands thorough mastery of

facts, synthesis of ideas in essay questions, skills in literary

criticism, and willingness to think independently about

ideas not necessarily introduced in class.

Vocabulary is studied not only in preparation for the SAT

and other standardized tests, but also as a tool for enhanced

communication and effective composition. Major works

read include The Scarlet Letter, The Adventures of

Huckleberry Finn, Old Man and the Sea, and The Great

Gatsby.

Literature 9: Philosophy & Literature



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Literature 9 is called "Philosophy and Literature" after the

textbook by the same name. The book organizes the works of

major philosophers, fiction writers, and poets under the

philosophical tenets of Truth, Beauty, Goodness, and

Commitment, and asks students to see how thinking about

these fundamental ideas has shaped western literature.

While this is a large and sometimes daunting task for ninth

graders, Wakefield has used this text for years with great

success at the ninth grade level as a tool for launching

students into realizing they are ready to consider such ideas,

and that they, like the writers and philosophers they study,

may also arrive at their own conclusions about these four

qualities and the role they play in the students own lives.

Emphasis is placed on creating a safe classroom environment

for this exploration, and on striking a balance between

assisting the students with the difficult material and

encouraging their own free thought.

Vocabulary is studied not only in preparation for the SAT and

other standardized tests, but as a tool for enhanced

communication and effective composition. Major works

read include The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,

Merchant of Venice, All Quiet on the Western Front, and

Catcher in the Rye.

Honors Senior Thesis



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Department Chair Approval

The Honors Senior Thesis course is the culmination of all

that the students have learned about writing, research,

presentation, rhetoric, and organization. Each student

works on a yearlong thesis project resulting in a product

equivalent to a thirty page paper. Each thesis must “argue”

a point, but it does not have to be a traditional research

paper. Students are welcome to write and produce plays,

compose and record music, design and create architectural

models, or choose whatever format they desire.

To accomplish this task, students will go through a

systematic process from topic selection to research to

argument formation to outlining to drafting a final thesis.

To assist this process, students will meet regularly with an

advisor at Wakefield and an advisor in the outside

community. Upon completion of the thesis, students are

required to present their work to the student body and

faculty as well as defend it to a thesis committee of faculty

members who will determine whether it is acceptable.

In addition to thesis work, students will complete a variety

of other exercises, activities and assignments that will help

them grow as a writer. Students will be guided through the

college essay process, they will complete creative writing

assignments, and they will do a variety of oral presentations

in class and in front of the Upper School at large.

Senior Thesis



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

The Senior Thesis course is the culmination of all

that the students have learned about writing, research,

presentation, rhetoric, and organization. In a

yearlong process, students will have the opportunity

to examine and research whatever interests them and

to create final products in a variety of different

formats. They will do academic research, personal

interviews, oral presentations, project planning, and

written drafts. Unlike the Honors class, this class will

focus more on the personal journey the student takes

in completing the thesis from start to finish.

To accomplish this task, students will go through a

systematic process from topic selection to final thesis

that will push them both academically and

personally. Moreover, the students will record their

progress and assess what they learned in terms of

content and personal growth. Upon completion of the

thesis, students are required to present their work to

the student body and faculty.

In addition to thesis work, students will complete a

variety of other exercises, activities, and assignments

that will guide them through the college essay

process and help them grow as a writer.


9

Literary Criticism



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Literary Criticism is a course focused on teaching students

the fundamental principles of literary analytical writing. A

large part of the year is spent producing the Junior Thesis, a

fifteen page comparative analysis that examines two major

literary works of the students’ choosing. The thesis is

achieved in stages over the course of several months,

allowing the students to become familiar and comfortable

with the process of academic research and critique.

Interspersed with the thesis work are several smaller pieces

of writing designed to enrich the students’ writing portfolio

and broaden their experience with expository and creative

writing. These include original poetry, short stories, and

analytic essays on diverse topics. Students’ writings are

evaluated on a trimester portfolio system. In addition to all

drafts and reviews of their work from the trimester,

students must write a letter of assessment in which they

consider their strengths, weaknesses and progress.

10P

thP Grade Composition



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Tenth grade composition requires students to think deeply

and critically about the impact and importance of

style. Attention to rhetorical, stylistic, and figurative

devices is central; and students learn how to decode

selected devices in the writings of professional writers,

while they are encouraged and supported in their attempts

to encode devices in their own compositions. In the first

two trimesters, students document their practice of

decoding and encoding stylistic devices in their response

logs; in addition, students produce a portfolio of formal

compositions to showcase their growth. Using the portfolio

process initiated in the ninth grade course, students

compose drafts and have a conference with the teacher

regarding the style and substance of each formal

composition. The course also requires students to develop and sustain an

argument about selected works of literature. Writing a

literary analysis is the focus of the third trimester, and

again, while the nuts and bolts of composition are discussed

during class and practiced in workshop formats, students

engage in the portfolio process and produce two essays.

The grammar component of the course aims to enhance

students’ current knowledge of the English language for

practical use in both written and oral communication. The

defined grammar lessons help students to become more

disciplined writers and articulate speakers. The emphasis

on clause construction and combination is one of the most

important components of the course, as students are guided

toward mastery of subordination and coordination.

9 P

thP Grade Composition



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

The ninth grade writing curriculum builds up the

foundations established in the Middle School. Students

continue to work on argument and analysis through small

structured essays. At times, the teacher will work in

conjunction with another department to develop an

interdisciplinary assignment that will be completed for two

classes (e.g., the stages of writing required for the History

Day competition). In addition, students continue to

develop their creative writing skills through short stories

and poetry. Finally, students complete a research paper in

the second half of the year that requires them to go through

the various steps (note cards, outline, drafting, etc.) of the

research process.

In addition to the trimester’s papers, students complete a

variety of supplemental reading and writing assignments,

such as reading logs, journals, and practice writing that fuel

their learning to write well and to read like a writer. The

course is run primarily as a workshop for reading, writing,

and conferencing with peers or with the instructor. Writing

assignments are accomplished in multiple stages including

pre-writing, multiple drafts, peer evaluations, and teacher

conferences. The paperwork for each stage of the writing

process is assembled into a portfolio for all writing

assignments. In addition to the writing curriculum, the

systematic study of grammar is pursued using the Grammar

Summary Outline.

Journalism 1

Available to Grades: 10, 11, 12

Elective Course

Full Year Course


This course is listed as an English and as a Fine Arts

elective as it contains significant components from each

academic area. This elective course does not satisfy

graduation requirements in the Fine Arts or English

Departments.


10

Journalism 1 provides major contributions to the

publication of Wakefield School’s yearbook, Virtus et

Sapientia, and strives to reinvigorate and provide major

contributions to the online student newspaper, Noctua, as

well as produce and publish school news in other media

forms.

To achieve these goals, Journalism 1 students learn the

fundamental skills and concepts of journalism and desktop

publishing. For yearbook, the students will address

yearbook concept and theme, content, layout and design,

have the opportunity to participate in a 3 day summer

workshop, participate in a photography workshop, and

learn business management skills in promoting and

managing sales of books and ads.

In the news portion of the class students will learn the

basics of journalism, which includes writing for news,

feature, web, and editorial genres as well as broadcast.

Both tracks of the course will also address journalistic

concepts and ethics, what is and isn’t public information,

and the Freedom of Information Act.

It is important to note the very practical nature of these

skills, which are learned by doing. For example, students

learn the craft of photojournalism by submitting pictures

and articles for potential publication in Noctua, and by

participating in gathering photos and writing captions for

the yearbook. While students will naturally develop

preferences among the various tasks involved in producing

the publications, students enrolled in this course will

contribute to both the yearbook and the news media.

Strong writing skills are required for entrance to this

course. This course is required for those interested in

assuming future yearbook or newspaper editorial positions.

Journalism 2

Available to Grades: 11, 12

Elective Course

Full Year Course


Journalism 2 endows students with the skills and

experiences necessary to lead their peers in planning,

designing, overseeing the development of theme, and

managing classmates in producing Wakefield’s student

newspaper, Noctua, and its yearbook, Virtus et Sapientia.

Students in Journalism 2 continue to practice and refine

their writing, photography, and design skills by

contributing articles, photos, layouts, design, and technical

expertise to the newspaper and the yearbook.

In addition, Journalism 2 students are expected to take on a

position of leadership, such as editor or assistant editor,

business manager, art or technical support. Through this

leadership position, students learn to manage staffers,

manage and meet deadlines, and make responsible and

ethical editorial decisions under the close guidance of the

adviser. While students’ leadership positions will most

likely relate to either the newspaper or the yearbook,

Journalism 2 students will continue to make significant

contributions to both publications. Journalism 2 students

should expect to focus on publications during activity

period, to put in significant work outside of class, and to

attend occasional editorial meetings. It is strongly

recommended that Journalism 2 students attend the summer

yearbook workshop.


11

Mathematics: All students must complete Algebra I, Geometry, and Algebra II or

Algebra 2/Trig. for graduation. Students are strongly encouraged to enroll in mathematics

every year.

Algebra 1


Meets Graduation Requirements

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Algebra I as taught at Wakefield School introduces the

student to the terminology, procedures, methods, and

symbols using critical thinking skills to solve real-life

applications. The primary focus is to create a bridge from

Lower School computational-based mathematics and

Middle School transition mathematics and Pre-Algebra to

High School conceptual and applied mathematics.

This course also integrates concepts from geometry,

statistics, and probability as well as other disciplines such

as geography, history and physical sciences into a cohesive

whole where the student can see the interrelationships.

Algebra I introduces the use of graphing calculators.

Graphing calculators are required for this course.

Geometry



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Algebra 1

Geometry, as taught at Wakefield School, includes topics

selected from Euclidean plane, solid, analytic, and coordinate

geometry.

Students will be expected to use critical thinking skills to

develop proofs and learn to use algebraic axioms, formal two-

column proofs, and paragraph proofs. Each student is able to

use these skills and strategies in other academic venues with

understanding and proficiency.

Practicing applications using inductive, deductive, and

indirect reasoning develops the basic appreciation, and

understanding of logic and critical thinking. Students learn

that mathematical concepts, including arithmetic, previously

explored in other courses, are the basis of an ever-expanding

“rolodex” of skills, strategies, and processes for them to

apply, as needed, in geometry and subsequent courses in

mathematics and science. Furthermore, students are

encouraged to take responsibility for their learning

experiences and to develop a disciplined work ethic, each of

which are designed to expand the mind and increase the

student’s ability to become thinking and intelligent members

of society.

Typically students are scheduled for this course at the

successful conclusion of Algebra I and before taking Algebra

II. In this way students are prepared with an arsenal of the

necessary concepts and strategies of logic, algebra, geometry,

and trigonometry essential to chemistry, physics, higher

mathematics, and the SAT. A scientific calculator is required.

Algebra 2



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Algebra 1, Geometry

Algebra 2 continues the student's mathematical preparation

for entry into Pre-Calculus and AP Calculus at a high

school level. The primary focus of the course is to bring

together the concepts and symbols of Algebra and bring

them to life through the solution of real-life problems.

This course is designed for those students who would

benefit from a course that concentrates on reinforcing

Algebra 1 skills as well as covering Algebra 2 material that

will be critical for higher level course work. New material

includes; matrices, polynomial functions, rational

exponents, radical functions, exponential and logarithmic

functions. Graphing calculator skills will be taught. There

will be an emphasis on translations and transformations of

all graphs of various functions. Conic sections and

trigonometric functions will not be covered and students in

this course will be expected to complete a Trigonometric

Functions course prior to Pre-Calculus.

Algebra 2/Trigonometry



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Algebra 1, Geometry

Algebra 2/Trigonometry completes the student's

mathematical preparation for entry into Pre-Calculus and

AP Calculus at a high school level. The primary focus of

the course is to bring together the concepts and symbols of

Algebra at a more complex level and bring them to life


12

through the solution of real-life problems. This course is designed for those students who have a solid

understanding of Algebra 1 material and are prepared to

complete the topics that will be critical for higher level

course work. New material includes; matrices, polynomial

functions, rational exponents, radical functions, rational

functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, conic

sections and trigonometric functions. Graphing calculator

skills will be taught. There will be an emphasis on

translations and transformations of all graphs of various

functions. Students that complete this course will be

expected to take Pre-Calculus as their next course.

Trigonometry and Functions


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Algebra II

This course is designed to review and extend topics from

Algebra II with an emphasis on the relationship between

graphical and algebraic representations of functions. The

primary goal of this course is to provide the student more

experience and practice before tackling the abstract

material in Pre-Calculus. Topics for this course will

include, but not limited to:

- Quadratic and Polynomial Functions

- Rational and Square Root Functions

- Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

- Circular Trigonometric Functions

- Trigonometric Identities and Equations

Students should take this course after successfully

completing Algebra II. The graphing calculator is used to

assist in visualizing and solving more complex problems,

but it does not dominate the course.

Pre-Calculus


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Algebra 2/Trigonometry or

Trigonometry and Functions

This course is both a rigorous review of many topics from

previous levels of mathematics and an introduction to more

advanced topics including the fundamental concept of

differential calculus. This course serves for some as a

terminal course in mathematics prior to college and for

others as an introduction and prerequisite for AP Calculus

the following year.

Emphasis is placed on solving a wide variety of equations

and inequalities, and on the application of graphical and

geometric analysis as a problem solving technique. The

graphing calculator is used to assist in visualizing and

solving more complex types of problems, but it does not

dominate the course. Rather, the fundamental nature of the

course is the generation of pen-on-paper solutions to insure

the understanding of the basic set-up and algebraic

manipulations required in problem solving. An in-depth

study of trigonometric functions and operations, both

theoretical and applied, is an important aspect of the

course. Finally, the study of sequences, series, and limits

develops into the definition and application of differential

calculus, including the solution of extreme value problems.

Applied Calculus


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course Offered when Enrollment Meets Minimum

Requirement

Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus

The purpose of this course is to provide the student who

plans to major in liberal arts, business, social sciences or

biological sciences with an introduction to the theory of

calculus and its applications to these fields of interest. The

course is not appropriate for the student who plans to

major in mathematics, engineering or the physical

sciences. While students are expected to demonstrate an

understanding of calculus concepts and applications

through traditional use of pen-and-paper techniques, the

graphing calculator is used extensively for applications. This course covers:

limits and continuity differentiation of algebraic, exponential and

logarithmic functions applications of algebraic, exponential and logarithmic

functions an introduction to techniques of integration While this course does not require the mathematical rigor

of an AP course, it is equivalent to a two-semester college

applied calculus course. Therefore, students should be

prepared to read the textbook, work independently and

spend at least five hours per week outside of class working

on assignments.


13

AP Calculus AB


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus and Department

Chair Recommendation

This course presents the material covered on the Advanced

Placement Exam for Calculus AB. The use of analytic

geometry and the theory of functions enable the student to

visualize the physical interpretation of the fundamental

concepts such as the derivative as the rate of change of a

function, the integral as the area under a curve, and

differentials as related to slopes of tangents. An

introduction to multivariate calculus is provided through

the topics of implicit differentiation, related rates, and the

chain rule.

A balance of theoretical and applied calculus is designed to

expand the student's perception of this mathematical form

as both a rigorous, mental exercise and as a powerful tool

for solving sophisticated problems in such areas as science,

engineering, and economics.

As appropriate to the current Advanced Placement Exam

format, the graphing calculator is used as a tool for the

analysis and solution of more complex problems. But the

traditional pen-on-paper techniques for problem solving

have not been abandoned, since this ensures an

understanding of the logical approach and the fundamental,

algebraic manipulations necessary to arrive at solutions to

basic problems.

AP Calculus BC


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: AP Calculus AB (score 4 or 5 on AP

Calc AB exam) and instructor

recommendation.

This course presents the material covered on the Advanced

Placement Exam for Calculus BC. In addition to the topics

taught in Calculus AB, this course examines logistic

growth functions, Euler’s method of solving differential

equations, arc length, polar functions, parametric functions,

vector and motion problems, and series and sequences.

A balance of theoretical and applied calculus is designed to

expand the student’s perception of this mathematical form

as both a rigorous, mental exercise and as a powerful tool

for solving sophisticated problems in such areas as science,

engineering, and economics.

As appropriate to the current Advanced Placement Exam

format, the graphing calculator is used as a tool for the

analysis and solution of more complex problems. However,

the traditional pen-on-paper techniques for problem solving

have not been abandoned, since this ensures an

understanding of the logical approach and the fundamental

algebraic manipulations necessary to arrive at solutions to

basic problems.

AP Statistics


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus and Department

Chair Recommendation

This course provides the student with the necessary skills in

statistics and probability to understand the result of

statistical studies and to perform descriptive and basic

inferential statistical studies within their individual areas of

interest. The AP Statistics course is built around four main

topics: exploring data, planning a study, probability as it

relates to distribution of data and inferential reasoning.

Emphasis will be placed upon the use of the graphing

calculator and computer to perform statistical

computations.

This course is the equivalent of a two-semester college

course in descriptive and inferential statistics. Therefore,

students should be prepared to read the textbook

independently, do outside reading from research studies

and current media and to work independently and with

groups on assigned projects. It is expected that students will

spend five hour per week outside of class working on

assignments..


14

Science: All students must take General Biology and Chemistry to meet graduation

requirements. Four years of a science is strongly encouraged.

General Biology



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

The Introduction to Biology course is an exploration of the

science of living systems. With emphasis on broadening

knowledge in biology and integrative analysis, students

explore phenomena at every level of biological scale, from

the molecular up through the cellular, physiological,

organismal, sociobiological, and ecological. Students learn

to apply growing knowledge of the world around us using

widely varying tools to deepen comprehension. While lots

of new vocabulary gets assimilated, students are challenged

to recall and apply growing knowledge using “the scientific

method” – testing predictions generated by good

hypotheses relating to theory. Laboratory activities relate

to successive units of classroom study, entailing, as useful,

microscopy, dissection, many other lab procedures, and

quantitative work outdoors.

General Chemistry



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Successful completion of

Geometry

General Chemistry is a rigorous traditional chemistry course

in which the students learn how the nature of chemistry

affects their everyday lives. The students explore their

environment through the study of atomic structure and its

effects on the reactivity of the elements of the periodic table

and investigate the dynamic relationships of molecules.

Topics are presented using a combination of lectures, group

discussions, text readings, and published articles. Students

explore chemical principles through laboratory

experimentation and analysis. Topics emphasize connections

and build skills using a thematic approach.

Conceptual Physics


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Successful Completion of Algebra 2

This course is a general introduction to the relationship of

matter and energy, and their interaction in a wide range of

physical phenomena. Physics presents a balance of the two

traditional approaches to a first course in physics: the

purely conceptual and the mathematical. Consequently it is

appropriate for students whose interests focus on science

and mathematics, as well as for students whose academic

directions are toward the humanities.

In order to impress upon students the relevance of the

natural laws of physics to their daily lives, the topics span

the entire range from classical physics to the modern

theories of quantum and relativistic physics. The

significance of topics is put in perspective by studying the

people, historic events, and the consequences surrounding

the discoveries and formulation of the theories.

Laboratory exercises reinforce the theoretical concepts by

utilizing data collection and computation to verify the

validity of important formulas and natural laws.

Human Anatomy


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Biology (Chemistry recommended)

Human Anatomy and Physiology is an in-depth course of

study that allows students to delve deeply into life systems

and processes of the human body. The course covers each

of the 11 systems of the human body and puts them in

context of how they collectively work together to maintain

homeostasis. Topics such as medical terminology, cell and

tissue structure, and diseases and disorders of each system

are also covered in the course. Emphasis is placed on

critical thinking and science processing skills which is

accomplished through extensive laboratory work,

presenting ample opportunities for hands-on learning in

addition to refining important scientific skills and

techniques.

This course may utilize animal dissection techniques as an

instructional strategy. Students who conscientiously object

to these exercises will participate in Department-approved

activities that provide comparable learning experiences.


15

History of Science


Fulfills History Graduation Requirement

Full Year Course

When science is examined through the lens of history, we

can better understand its methodology as well as the social

forces that shape its advancement and impact on society.

By examining not only the contributions but also the lives

of people like Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Faraday,

Darwin and Einstein we discover a human element to

science that is so often ignored. This historical approach

enables us to discover the dynamic interaction between

science and other disciplines such as religion, technology,

art and humanities, war and politics. This course will

involve selected readings from a variety of sources,

reflective writing assignments, preparation for and

participation in class discussions, and theme-based

projects. Students should expect to spend a few hours a

week outside of class preparing for this upper level course.

Conservation Ecology


Elective Course

Full Year Course

This course is not offered 2016-2017

Course Alternates years with Animal Behavior

Prerequisite: Biology

In the 21st Century, every responsible citizen must

understand basically how ecosystems function and must

appreciate how the activities of billions of technological

humans can act multifariously to deteriorate or, instead,

safeguard each continent’s and ocean’s ecosystems into a

future more or less sustainable to human life as currently

experienced on Earth. Throughout the first half of each

year, Conservation Ecology focuses on general issues and

methods in ecology, preparing students for inquiries more

sharply focused on particular issues during late winter and

spring. While a full range of topics in ecology get

introduced in the classroom, methods of investigating

matters are learned via field research outdoors

implementing techniques unfamiliar to most prior to taking

a course like this. Each year, students in Conservation

Ecology have right-of-first-refusal for participation in our

annual visit to the Cheetah Conservation Fund, Waterburg

Plateau, and Etosha National Park in north-central

Namibia. As such, the course helps to provide support for

seniors interested to research cheetahs, or issues in African

conservation, other tropical conservation, or conservation

stateside as thesis topics.

Forensics


Elective Course

Full Year Course

This course is not offered in 2016-2017

Prerequisite: Completion of or enrollment in

Chemistry Forensic Science combines science and service in the

interests of society, justice, and public safety. This

course is designed to demonstrate how the acquisition and

analysis of scientific data can be applied to the

documentation of evidence and to the solution of crimes.

The curriculum will also cover the history of forensic

science, its legalities, and crime scene management.

Through integration of these concepts, and through the

application of investigative and problem solving skills in

the laboratory and in the field, students will cultivate an

appreciation and understanding of the true nature of

forensic science.

Physical Geology


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course Alternates years with Forensics

This elective will use a lab-based, hands-on approach to

cover the basics of an introductory geology course. Topics

covered will include topographic mapping, plate tectonics,

volcanoes and earthquakes, the rock cycle, rock and

mineral identification, the geologic time scale, stream

processes, and basic geomorphology of glaciated and

coastal landscapes. Laboratories will take advantage of

locations of geological interest on or near the Wakefield

campus, and include a trip to the Smithsonian Museum of

Natural History’s extensive rock and mineral collection.

The course will focus on the geology of the state of Virginia and our local landforms.

Animal Behavior


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course Alternates with Conservation Ecology

Prerequisite: Biology

Genes allow cells only to make proteins. So, why do cats

and dogs reliably behave so differently? Who teaches a

blue jay not to behave like a robin, or vice versa? Why are

you so likely to yawn soon after seeing another yawn?

Behavior fascinates everyone; but few know how best to

approach its understanding. Students learn in this course

precisely that.

Our two-pronged focus throughout the year revolves

around proximate causation of behavior – mechanisms,


16

within individuals – as well as ultimate causes, i.e. patterns

of adaptation and evolutionary history.

Roles of theory, hypotheses, and predictions provide

perspective on not only biology but also the nature of

knowledge itself. We explore ecological and evolutionary

issues pertaining to foraging, predation and predator

avoidance, dispersal, seasonality, and other environmental

challenges. We also examine a full range of issues in

reproductive biology, regarding mating, parental

provisioning, and offspring care. Life histories, particularly

species-typical schedules for behavioral development and

sex-typical social roles, are also investigated.

Ultimately, behavior comes to be understood as the single

most important aspect of animal adaptation, as behavior

mediates success or failure in every domain of existence,

ever negotiating between organisms’ insides – genes and

physiology – and outsides, society and the biological

environment.

Each year, students in Animal Behavior have right-of-first-

refusal for participation in our annual visit to the Cheetah

Conservation Fund, Waterburg Plateau, and Etosha

National Park in north-central Namibia. As such, the

course helps to provide support for seniors interested to

research cheetahs or other issues in behavioral ecology or

conservation as thesis topics.

AP Biology


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Completion of Biology and Chemistry

with at least a B average in each class,

and approval of the Department Chair.

The AP Biology course is based upon the course outlines

provided by the College Board. Equivalent to a two

semester college-level Biology course, this is an enhanced

look at all aspects of the living world.

Detailing the phenomena and processes of biology at every

level of scale, we deepen our understanding of biology’s

myriad interconnected complexities. Primary emphases in

AP Biology seek to develop students’ understanding of

biology’s nuanced concepts and complex processes, even

as we also learn most of biology’s basic technical

terminology.

The course covers an immense amount of material, and so

is fast-paced. To do well, students must spend time every

night reviewing and assimilating new information covered

in each reading and class discussion. Students must expect,

on average, four to six hours of homework each week.

Students will periodically be required to work extra time

during tutorial or activity periods to complete research

projects. Summer work is assigned to cover the course’s

first unit, largely reviewing material mastered in earlier

science coursework. Students taking the College Board test

after completing AP Biology may gain college course

credit.

AP Chemistry


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Completion of Biology and Chemistry

with at least a B average. Student must

have approval of the Department Chair.

The AP Chemistry course is designed to be the equivalent

of the general chemistry course usually taken during the

first year of college. Students in such a course should

attain a depth of understanding of fundamentals and a

reasonable competence in dealing with chemical problems.

The course differs qualitatively from the usual high school

course in chemistry with respect to the type of textbook

used, the topics covered, the emphasis on calculations and

the mathematical formulation of principles, and the kind

and amount of laboratory work completed by students.

Quantitative differences appear in the number of topics

treated, the time spent on the course by students, and the

nature and variety of experiments done in the laboratory.

As this is an AP course with the possibility of earning 6-8

hours of college credit, it is assumed that the student will

spend 5-6 hours outside of class in unsupervised individual

study.

Summer homework is assigned. This consists of a review

of the following topics from our first-year chemistry

course: nomenclature, atomic structure, types of reactions,

and stoichiometry. Throughout the year, AP testing

techniques and skills needed for success on the exam are

discussed and examined. Students also review questions

from past AP Exams. The pacing of material and labs is

very critical to student success in this course. The content

must be covered by the middle to the end of April, and in-

class review of all topics and labs covered is necessary for

at least two weeks prior to the exam.

The laboratory program consists of college-level labs with

the possibility of students receiving lab credits as well as

advanced placement after the exam. Students are required

to keep a lab journal which they may choose to submit to

the college of their choice for consideration of possible lab

credit. After the May exam, students continue to perform

labs or projects, such as qualitative and quantitative

analyses of unknown compounds and synthesis and

analysis of simple organic compounds. It is strongly

suggested that any student interested in AP Chemistry consult with the AP teacher for additional information.


17

AP Physics C

Available to Grades 11, 12

Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Completion of AP Calculus AB with at

least a B average.

Student must have approval of the

Department Chair.

AP Physics C consists of two components: Mechanics, and

Electricity and Magnetism.

Each component is the equivalent to a semester of college

work. Mechanics is taught first, expanding upon the topics

covered in AP Physics B. These topics include:

kinematics in 2-D and 3-D; Newton’s Laws of Motion:

work, energy, and power; systems of particles and linear

momentum; circular motion and rotation; and oscillations

and gravitation. Electricity and magnetism is covered

during the second half of the year. The topics covered

include electrostatics; conductors, capacitors, and

dielectrics; electric circuits; magnetic fields, and

electromagnetism.

Both sections utilize guided inquiry and student-centered

learning to foster the development of critical thinking

skills. Similarly, the use of differential and integral

calculus is implemented throughout the course.



validity of important formulas and natural laws. Formal lab

reports and a series of library and Internet research projects

are designed to develop skills in communicating the facts

students learn using a variety of media and techniques.

Laboratory exercises account for 20 percent of class time,

and follow all of the American Physical Society report

structure requirements and citation methods.

AP Physics 1

Available to Grades 10, 11, 12

Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Completion of Algebra 2/Trigonometry

with at least a B average. Student must

have approval of Department Chair.

AP Physics 1 is a full year academic course which is the

equivalent to a single semester course of algebra based

physics. Students will explore principles of Newtonian

mechanics (including rotational motion); work, energy, and

power; mechanical waves and sound; and introductory

simple circuits. The course is based on six Big Ideas,

which encompass core scientific principles, theories, and

processes that cut across traditional boundaries and provide

a broad way of thinking about the physical world:

● Objects and systems have properties such as mass and

charge. Systems may have internal structure.

● Fields existing in space can be used to explain

interactions.

● The interactions of an object with other objects can be

described by forces.

● Interactions between systems can result in changes in

those systems.

● Changes that occur as a result of interactions are

constrained by conservation laws.

● Waves can transfer energy and momentum from one

location to another without the permanent transfer of

mass and serve as a mathematical model for the

description of other phenomena.







Laboratory exercises comprise 25 percent of class time.

AP Physics 2


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Completion of Algebra2/Trigonometry

and AP Physics 1 with at least a B

average. Student must have approval of

Department Chair.

The equivalent of a second semester course of algebra

based physics, students will explore principles of fluids,

thermodynamics, electricity, magnetism, optics, and topics

in modern physics. The explores the seven Big Ideas,

which encompass core scientific principles, theories, and

processes that cut across traditional boundaries and provide

a broad way of thinking about the physical world:

● Objects and systems have properties such as mass and

charge. Systems may have internal structure.

● Fields existing in space can be used to explain

interactions.

● The interactions of an object with other objects can be

described by forces.

● Interactions between systems can result in changes in

those systems.

● Changes that occur as a result of interactions are

constrained by conservation laws.

● Waves can transfer energy and momentum from one

location to another without the permanent transfer of

mass and serve as a mathematical model for the

description of other phenomena.

● The mathematics of probability can be used to describe

the behavior of complex systems and to interpret the

behavior of quantum mechanical systems.


18







Laboratory exercises comprise 25 percent of class time.

Foundations of Engineering


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Completion of Alg 2 and Chemistry

The engineering discipline is incredibly broad and includes

specialty engineering fields, each field focusing on specific

areas of applied science, technology, and types of

application. The "Foundations of Engineering" course

explores the many creatively demanding and rewarding

fields to pursue within the engineering discipline and will

clarify the technical attributes and requirements of each

specialized engineering field. It will focus on

developing problem-solving and communication skills that

are so critical to success both in the classroom and in the

real world of engineering practice. This course will

introduce a design and analysis methodology that can be

immediately put into practice. A very important aspect of

the course will be a review of units and conversions,

mathematics, and an introduction to engineering

fundamentals. It will also highlight the ethical

responsibilities of engineers which, when integrated with a

broad and an in-depth knowledge of and practical skills

in engineering, will guide students to a rewarding career in

an engineering specialty of their choice.


19

History: All students must take three Upper School level history classes for graduation.

World Civilizations II (or its equivalent) and United States History (or AP U.S. History) are

required.

World Civilizations 2



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

This survey course explores the world’s history from the

late Medieval Age and the Renaissance to the present. The

text is used to enhance and supplement classroom

discussion and debates on a variety of historically

significant political, economic, military and social issues.

Our learning focus will include reading original historical

documents, along with literature over the ages, and writing

historically analytical essays.

United States History



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

This course surveys United States history from its

European roots to modern day. Main historical themes,

individuals and events are studied and examined for their

cause and effect on the flow of American history. Students

develop an understanding of the American experience and

many of the significant individuals, movements and trends

that have influenced it.

Highlighted throughout the course are the events and ideas

that have led to change in the American political, social,

economic, intellectual or geographic condition. Lectures,

audio-visuals, class discussions, and projects stimulate

ideas and promote the exchange of information and

viewpoint on our nation’s past.

To study United States history is not only interesting in its

own right, but also it is necessary for an informed citizen.

Through the detailed study of America’ s past, students

understand the strengths and weaknesses of the American

tradition, and, fortified with that information, can become

more effective citizens of the United States.

AP United States History



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Minimum B average in previous

History and English classes, and

Department Chair Approval

The primary purpose of this course is to prepare students

for the AP U.S. History Exam. Students should expect to

spend at least 5 hours outside of class each week on the

average in order to keep up with the reading and writing

components, as well as allowing time to study for tests.

Generally the writing/reading and testing assignments are

staggered. Students also write timed essays in class.

The scope of the course includes the history of the U.S.

from its European roots and Native American encounters to

modern day. In the process the course not only expands

upon the factual knowledge that students already have

acquired, but also develops sophisticated critical thinking

skills through free response essay writing and the DBQ

(document-based-questions), which require students to

interpret and incorporate primary documents into an essay

response. Students also get experience in being tested with

AP level multiple-choice questions, which are a component

of the national AP exam. A separate set of historical essay

readers accompany the main text for enrichment and for

discussion purposes.

AP World History



Full Year Course



Department Chair Approval AP World History is a full year course that explores the

expansive history of the human world. Students will learn

factual information but also the critical thinking and

problem solving skills necessary to analyze historical

evidence. Five themes will be used as a frame of reference

in a chronological study of World History: interaction

between humans and the environment; development and

interaction of cultures; state-building, expansion and

conflict; creation, expansion and Interaction of economic

systems; and development and transformation of Social

Structures.

This course will be both rigorous and rewarding. Emphasis

will be placed on preparing students for the AP World

History Exam, which will be administered in May. An

extensive selection of in-depth readings – including the

textbook – and the writing of different types of essays will

be stressed in this course. The ultimate benefits of this

class will be an informed view of how the world has

developed up to the start of the third millennium CE, the

stimulation of intellectual growth, and the acquisition of


20

important historical critical thinking skills. The AP World

History Test will be taken in May. Our class will, of

course, continue after this test with student projects and

presentations

AP European History



Full Year Course

This course in not offered 2016-2017




In the AP European History class students study European

history from the period of the Renaissance to modern times.

Students should expect to spend at least 5 hours outside of

class each week on the average in order to keep up with the

reading and writing components, as well as studying for

tests. Generally, the writing/reading and testing

assignments are staggered. Students also write timed

essays in class.

The students not only prepare to take the Advanced

Placement European History exam offered each May, but

also extensively develop critical thinking and writing skills.

Free response essay writing and DBQ (document-based-

questions), which require students to interpret and

incorporate primary documents into an essay, are routinely

practiced. Students also get experience in being tested with

AP level multiple-choice questions, which is a significant

component of the national AP exam.

Through various role-playing activities, use of a separate

book of primary documents as well as the main text,

students develop the faculty to analyze patterns of historical

behavior, as well as to recognize the basic terms, names

and dates of significance in European history.

International Relations

NVCC College-Wide course – PLS 241 (6 CR.)

Available to Grades : 11, 12


Full Year Course




This course teaches the geographic, demographic,

economic ideological and other factors conditioning the

policies of countries and discusses conflicts and their

adjustment for the first half of the year. During the second

half of the year, this course teaches foreign policies of

the major powers in the world community with

emphasis on the United States role in contemporary

world affairs. GENERAL COURSE OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this course is to provide an introduction to

the complexities of international policies that has a desire

to be knowledgeable of the world.

ENTRY LEVEL COMPETENCIES Students will need to use the English language correctly

and effectively at the college freshman level.

COURSE OBJECTIVES 1. To understand vocabulary and terms used in an

international political and legal context.

2. To be aware of the importance of international affairs

and their potential effect on daily life.

3. To appreciate the importance of international political

affairs in their implications for a citizen of a democratic

nation.

4. To improve analytic writing, and verbal communication

skills.

5. To understand some of the fundamental difficulties and

global realities that makes the twentieth century such a

dangerous era.

MAJOR TOPICS 1. Population and food

2. Development, resources and environment

3. The state

4. The state and the system

5. The state and foreign policy

6. National interest

7. War

Asian Studies


Fulfills History Elective Graduation Requirement

Full Year Course

This course is not offered 2016 - 2017

Prerequisite: None

Asian Studies is a yearlong class and satisfies the

requirements for the History Department’s elective in

history.

In this class students will explore the mysteries of the Asian

geography, culture, philosophy and religion in order to gain

a greater understanding and appreciation of the history of

Asia and its ever increasing role in today’s world. The

emphases in this class will be on the many ways in which

those factors have impacted on the history of such specific

places as India, China, Japan, Korea and Southeast Asia.

In addition, the interaction of the Western world to Asia

will be highlighted, and will afford students a better

understanding of the dynamics, both positive and negative,

in those relationships. It will be a class in which students

can draw upon the exposure to the vast histories of Asian

cultures and grasp their significance as we continue to

advance into the 21 P

stP century.


21

History of Science



Full Year Course

When science is examined through the lens of history, we

can better understand its methodology as well as the social

forces that shape its advancement and impact on society.

By examining not only the contributions but also the lives

of people like Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Faraday,

Darwin and Einstein we discover a human element to

science that is so often ignored. This historical approach

enables us to discover the dynamic interaction between

science and other disciplines such as religion, technology,

art and humanities, war and politics. This course will

involve selected readings from a variety of sources,

reflective writing assignments, preparation for and history and the intellectual and political legacy of the

classical participation in class discussions, and theme-

based projects. Students should expect to spend a few

hours a week outside of class preparing for this upper level

course.

British History



Full Year Course

This course not offered 2016 - 2017

Prerequisite: None

This elective course is a survey of British history from

Stone-Age Britain to the Modern period of the 20th

century. Major social, economic, and political

developments are emphasized. Periodic use of appropriate

primary or secondary sources will be utilized to enhance

exposure to Britain’s cultural heritage over the centuries.

Survey of Russian History



Full Year Course

This course offered 2016 – 2017

Prerequisite: None

Few nations have as colorful and vivid a history as Russia;

at times torn between the East and the West, sometimes

buffering the two. Russia has always been a pot of

enormous ethnic diversity which refuses to melt. The result

has been a mixture of capitalism, and socialism, of east and

west, Christianity and Islam with a bit of social

experimentation thrown in for good measure. Students will

learn about the evolution of Russia’s social, cultural, and

political heritage and the factors that have affected its often

tumultuous society through a variety of lenses; primary and

secondary sources, art, music, cuisine, film, language, and

literature.

History of the Classical World


Full Year Course

Prerequisite: None

His In this course, we will devote the first half of the year to

ancient Greek history and the second half of the year to

ancient Roman history. In studying ancient Greek history,

we will focus on the development and structure of Athenian

democracy, the Greco-Persian Wars, and the Peloponnesian

War. When we turn our attention to Rome, we will focus

on the changing structure and demise of the Roman

Republic, the establishment of the principate by Augustus,

and the expansion of Roman power. Throughout the year,

we will use a variety of primary sources as we explore the

motives and methods of the writers of ancient history.

Students will also examine the value of studying ancient

history and the intellectual and political legacy of the

classical world.

History Department - Social Science: All students must take either U.S.

Government or AP U.S. Government to fulfill graduation requirements. All other Social

Sciences courses count as an elective.

U.S. Government



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

It is imperative that citizens of a democratic nation

understand the workings of government. Therefore,

American government is designed to foster a sense of

political awareness and to give students a working

knowledge of the American political system in the hope


22

that students will become active participants in the

American democratic political system.

This course examines the American political system

including its philosophical and historical underpinnings, its

formal and informal institutions, and its organization as

established by the constitution. This course also explores

the political process and the role of the American people in

a democracy. Virginia state and local government is also

examined and demonstrates the role of the state in a federal

system of government.

Geopolitics


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course is not offered 2016 - 2017

Course will be scheduled if interest in course meets

minimum enrollment requirements.

Prerequisites: None

Geopolitics is the branch of geography that tries to explain

the relationships between geographical realities and

international affairs. The course begins with the premise

that even the smallest of events that may happen in the

most isolated region of our earth could possibly have

widespread global effects. To truly understand the cause

and effect of the event, knowledge of our world's

geography (both physical and cultural) and its history, is

essential. Thus, Geopolitics deals with all of these factors

while highlighting geographical terms and concepts.

A regional geographic approach is used. Students study

the countries of Western Europe, Central and Eastern

Europe, North America, South and Southeast Asia, the

Middle East, Latin America, the Far East, Africa, and

Australia.

AP U.S. Government and Politics



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: English Teacher Recommendation

of writing ability and work ethic,

at least a B- average in History

courses and History/Social Science


This course is designed to prepare juniors and seniors to

take the AP U.S. Government and Politics exam.

This course requires students to display knowledge of facts,

concepts, and theories pertaining to American government

and politics; analyze and interpret charts and political

cartoons, and understand typical patterns of political

processes and behavior and their consequences. It also

requires familiarity with various institutions, groups,

beliefs, and ideas that make up the American political

reality.

Students are expected to read daily newspapers and current

magazines and write weekly journal entries; and read,

compare and analyze contrasting viewpoints on various

topics. Students are also expected to contribute to class

discussions.

While generally covering the same topics as the American

Government class, this class is designed to be the

equivalent of a college introductory class. Students should

be prepared for outside reading in newspapers and

magazines as well as textbook reading. Students will also

need to be able to synthesize and analyze large amounts of

information. It is expected that students will spend five

hours per week outside of class working on this subject.

Applied Psychology


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course is not offered 2016 - 2017

Prerequisite: None

The Applied Psychology course seeks to combine the

substantial content of a college Introduction to Psychology

course with the awakening and maintaining of the students’

curiosity and interest about a subject that is for most

entirely new. The material covered can be varied to suit the

diversity of interests and abilities of each year’s students.

This course emphasizes the history of psychology as well

as its biological orientation.

Leadership Studies


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: None

This course introduces students to leadership theory with a

focus on leadership traits, cross cultural manifestations of

leadership, and leadership as presented through sacred

texts. This course will have a strong component of applied

leadership, with an intensive service component that will

count significantly towards the final grade.

Topics will include: Learning styles, understanding and

valuing differences, the psychology of leadership, trait

mapping, theories of classical and modern leadership,

historical analysis of leadership failures, analysis of

dictators, warlords and tyrants, and understanding despair.


23

Neuropsychology

Available to Grade: 12

Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course is not offered for 2016 - 2017

Prerequisite: Applied Psychology

This course provides students with a broad introduction to

the field of neuropsychology, with an emphasis on learning

the fundamentals of neural communication and neural

organization. The class focuses on topics related to

neuroplasticity and the new technologies and therapies that

have been developed to support this potential. Beginning

with a historical overview of the field, this course will also

expose students to the journey that this emerging scientific

domain has taken during the past century, from the tragic

days of insulin shock therapy and lobotomy to the wonders

of bioengineering and neuroplasticity. This journey will

serve not only to educate students about the rapidity of the

growth of the field, but will also serve to remind students

that this field must stay grounded within a lived experience

of ethical behavior and commitment to humanity.

As a course dealing almost exclusively with emerging

science and new theory, students will be expected to

become familiar with a broad array of various theoretical

orientations and to develop the ability to apply them to a

wide variety of settings and circumstances. Activities

involving examination of case studies (both historical and

contemporary) will be common. This class is heavily

oriented towards writing and critical thinking, so students

who struggle with these skills may need to spend extra time

crafting their work.

Global Ethics & Local Action


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course is not offered 2016 - 2017 Prerequisite: None

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the

concept of Global Ethics and the practice of Reflective

Leadership while simultaneously exploring the deep

interrelationship between both. Students will explore key

issues of reflective choice for self and community, cross-

cultural ethics and the emergence of global ethics regarding

community building and sustainability. We will also

actively explore the Ethics of Care and how this model

promotes leadership development, especially the

development of women. This course is an advanced social

science class that will require students to participate in a

practicum on a bi-weekly basis during school hours. This

course relies heavily on a student’s ability to engage with

personal reflection, and to work with abstract concepts that

impact real-world community engagement and decision

making.

As a course dealing with both theory and practice, students

will be expected to become familiar with the complexity of

Global Ethics and to engage in practical, hands-on

programming within the community. We will continuously

move between reflection on self, service, local community

and global interdependence. A case study approach will be

utilized to spark deep engagement with critical social issues

that have the potential to impact emerging global

structures.

Full engagement with the practicum is critical for a

student’s success in this class, and the practicum will count

for 25% of the course grade. As an upper level class, a

high degree of personal accountability on the part of the

student is assumed. Excessive absences on practicum days

will need to be made up in some manner in order for the

course to be successfully completed.

Our community partner for the 2015/16 school year is “A

Place to Be,” a private, non-profit in Middleburg that

services and adults and children with a range of disabilities.

The mission of A Place to Be is “Helping people face,

navigate and overcome life’s challenges using the

Therapeutic Arts.” We will spend approximately 2.5 hours

every other week assisting with their programs.

http://www.aplacetobeva.org/

Introduction to Philosophy


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course is not offered 2016 - 2017 Prerequisite: None

We will begin this yearlong course by examining the types

of questions addressed by philosophical enquiry. In the

first trimester, we will focus on the nature of the good and

the good life as we read Plato, Descartes, and Kant. In the

second trimester, we will focus on moral philosophy and its

practical applications, as well as the connections between

moral philosophy and the rest of the Upper School

curriculum. We will devote the final trimester either to the

philosophy of art and literature or to political philosophy,

depending on student interest. Students will be evaluated

primarily on their contributions to our group discussions

and on short papers that will be directed toward specific

topics.

http://www.aplacetobeva.org/


24

World Languages: Two years of a world language is required for graduation.

Spanish 1

Available to Grades: 8, 9, 10, 11


Full Year course


Prerequisite: None

Spanish 1 course introduces the students to the language

and culture of the Hispanic speaking countries. Students

develop the listening, speaking, reading, and writing

language skills through podcasts and videos, interacting

with native and non-native speakers, reading different kinds

of narratives, and writing sentences to short essays.

Pronunciation, grammatical structures, and language

functions will develop the oral and written aspects of the

Spanish language. Vocabulary will be based on daily

student’s life and needs. These topics will also help to

establish similarities and differences between the American

and the Hispanic cultures.

Spanish 2



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Spanish 1

Spanish 2 students build on the foundation of Spanish 1,

studying more vocabulary and produce coherent sentences

by applying proper syntax. The emphasis this year is on

expanding knowledge of more complex grammar and verb

structures. They will learn all the verb conjugations,

including the imperative and subjunctive. Students will

learn how to write letters and informative reports. They will

also be more aware of diversity in the Hispanic cultures,

including history, social and political aspects as well as art,

music, customs and traditions.

Spanish 3


Elective Course

Full Year Course



Students beginning Spanish 3 have learned all the tenses

and have improved sentence structure and general

grammar. This year they will put that knowledge into

practice by using a more advanced Spanish vocabulary to

define, describe and discuss new material. Students are

required to speak, write, read and practice listening

comprehension more frequently. At the end of the course

they will be also more knowledgeable of diversity in the

Hispanic cultures, including literature.

Spanish 4


Elective Course

Full Year Course



Spanish 4 may be viewed as a culmination of the students’

language studies with opportunities to use Spanish to

improve their proficiency, especially in oral

communication and reading. It is also an important

preparatory class for the AP Language or Literature class,

providing practice in reading literature, including poetry,

and enhanced cultural understanding.

Students read a variety of literature from all countries of the

Spanish speaking world. Cultural enrichment includes

history, geography and current events.

Students study grammar, verbs and new vocabulary

throughout the year with particular emphasis on mastering

the subjunctive mood.

Coupled with the textbook is the invaluable on-line

program offering tutorials, practice exercises as well as the

literary selections and articles read by native speakers.

Students will continue to be given multiple ways to achieve

success based on what type of thinkers they are as well as on their readiness, interest and comfort level.

AP Spanish


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Spanish 4 and Teacher

Recommendation

Since the class is taught exclusively in Spanish,

students entering the AP course are assumed to have

successfully completed Spanish IV. The specific goal

of AP Spanish is to have students prepared to do well

on the AP Exam. Therefore, the class will work

toward mastery of all verb forms, while continuing to

enhance their vocabulary and using a variety of

structure in their prose. Students will study

contemporary topics about science, technology,

contemporary life, the environment, beauty and

aesthetics, self-image, personal beliefs, personal and

public identity, family and community.


25

Students will demonstrate proficiency in the spoken

and written skills that are tested on the AP exam.

Students will read, comment on and analyze short

stories and news articles. They will write

extemporaneously 250 word essays. They will be

able to understand, interpret and synthesize written,

spoken and audio-visual information. They will

prepare for the oral component of the AP Exam,

which includes 5-minute spoken narratives on a

variety of topics and for comprehending the language

as it is spoken.

Students can expect an average of 4 hours of

homework every week. They are expected to do

much of the grammar review and reading on their

own. However, there will always be class time set

aside for questions and explanations. Students who

succeed on the AP test are those who expand on the

classroom experience by taking advantage of every

opportunity to read Spanish, watch Spanish movies

or listen to Spanish radio. The students must have a

real desire to communicate in Spanish.

Latin 1



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

This course teaches most of the elementary grammar of the

Latin language and a substantial amount of basic Latin

vocabulary. Students acquire skills in translating and

comprehending simple Latin sentences and passages. Since

the sound of Latin is one of its essential features, students

also practice reading sentences and passages aloud.

Students’ appreciation of English vocabulary is enhanced

by learning the Latin derivation of English words; attention

is also given to Latin abbreviations, phrases, and mottoes

used in English. Students read the Iliad in English for

cultural enrichment. The course also introduces the

following cultural topics: early Roman history, the

geography of the Roman world, mythology, architecture,

meals, entertainment and clothing.

Latin 2



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Latin 1

After a brief review of the elementary grammar studied in

Latin I, this course completes the introduction to Latin

grammar and vocabulary. Students learn to translate and

comprehend Latin sentences and passages that include

more complex grammatical constructions and more

extensive vocabulary. Understanding of English

vocabulary is further enhanced by the continued study of

words derived from Latin. Stories translated deal with the

Hercules and Perseus myths. Students also read Gates of

Fire. Cultural topics include the history of Greece and the

Persian War; mythology; and recreation and entertainment.

Latin 3


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Latin 2

The cultural topic emphasized in this course is the Roman

world.

In this class students apply their knowledge of grammar

and vocabulary to the reading of original prose, such as

Caesar’s De Bello Gallico and Cicero’s In Catilinam. The

course includes a study of the lives, times, and careers of

Julius Caesar and Cicero.

Latin 4


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Latin 3 Latin IV is designed for students who wish to broaden their

reading in Latin literature before (or instead of) proceeding

to the Advanced Placement level. Students continue to

practice and refine the skills that they learned in Latin III

and apply them to the study of Latin poetry as well as

prose.

The introduction to poetry will include such new concepts

as meter. Poetry may be selected from Vergil, Catullus and

Horace, with primary emphasis on Vergil. Readings from

Plutarch and Suetonius in translation will supplement and

enhance the study of the Roman Republic and Empire. All

topics outlined in the National Latin Exam Level IV

syllabus will be reviewed.

AP Latin Vergil


Elective Course

Full Year Course


26



Prerequisite: Latin 4 and Teacher

Recommendation

The AP Latin Literature syllabus permits the teacher to

select one of three combinations of authors for this course:

Catullus and Cicero, Catullus and Horace, or Catullus and

Ovid. The exact works and passages to be read are

prescribed by the AP syllabus. The course emphasizes

comprehension, literal translation, literary interpretation,

stylistic analysis, oral reading, scansion, and criticism of

the prescribed texts.

Attention is paid to the historical, literary, and intellectual

backgrounds of the authors as they relate to the works

being studied. Much of the work of this course consists of

writing essays that reflect careful reading and sensitive

appreciation of these texts. Students will be well prepared

to take the AP Latin Literature examination at the

conclusion of the course.

French 1



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

In French I students will learn the rules of pronunciation,

spelling, sentence structure, conjugations of regular and

irregular verbs primarily in the present tense, agreement of

adjectives and the formation of negative and interrogative

sentences. They will read and write short dialogues and

letters. All aspects of language acquisition will be

emphasized. Vocabulary will be based on daily student life

(town, home, school, animals, nature, clothing, etc.)

The goal in this level is to give the student a strong

foundation for the following years. There will be constant

review to assure correct assimilation of the materials.

Reading and writing short paragraphs as well as oral

comprehension and expression will be stressed.

French 2



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: French 1

The emphasis in this level is on expansion of vocabulary,

and learning regular and irregular verb conjugations in

present, future, imperative and past. Basic sentence

structure, the use of some prepositions, common

expressions, and pronouns, the agreement of the past

participle with subject and direct object, and other aspects

of grammar will be taught. Reviewing the pronunciation

rules will polish pronunciation.

The goal is to immerse students as much as possible in the

language and to encourage their skills in spoken and

written communication. Students will learn about France

and Francophone countries through readings and video

presentations.

French 3


Elective Course

Full Year Course



In French 3 students will develop their written and oral

skills using all tenses and moods. The emphasis on this

level is on the comprehension of materials from original

texts in written or oral forms. Students will continue to

study vocabulary, and review and expand use of irregular

verbs in order to enhance communication. Literary works

as well as traditional stories and current news sources will

be used to develop greater understanding of French culture

and history while improving language skills.

French 4


Elective Course

Full Year Course



Students entering this level have achieved a high level of

comprehension and ability to communicate in French.

They will now focus on analyzing text of literary works and

refining their own style of written and oral communication.

The introduction of advanced grammar will always be

accompanied by review of the essentials of correct syntax

and verb use. Students will be asked either to make an oral

presentation and analysis of a writer’s piece of work, or to

write a composition about it. Vocabulary lists continue to

reinforce and expand the student’s breadth of vocabulary.

Culture and history will be studied in the context of

literature and from current news sources.

AP French Language


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: French 4 and Teacher Approval

Advanced Placement French students learn to use French

with specific testing goals in mind. They continue to review

grammar with attention to nuance and irregular forms, and

to build vocabulary. Written material from a wide variety


27

of sources will be used to improve language skills and

enrich vocabulary.

A student entering the AP program is assumed to have

learned all the conjugations, be able to write a thoughtful

page-long composition, and be able to carry on a spoken

conversation about daily life or school events. The student

must have a real desire to communicate in French.

The objectives of the class are to address the four language

skills as they are presented in the AP Exam. Students will

read, comment on and analyze short stories and news

articles. They will write 250-word essays with no

preparation or reference material. The spoken component

of the AP Exam includes 5-minute spoken narratives for

listening comprehension; and a speaking test which

requires the student to speak without preparation on any

number of daily life topics.

Students can expect at least 3 to 5 hours of homework

every week. While there will always be class time set aside

for questions and explanations, students must maintain a

rigorous homework schedule of grammar review and

reading to keep up with the pace of the class. Students who

succeed in the AP test are those who expand on the

teacher’s assignments by taking advantage of every

opportunity to use the language outside as well as inside the

classroom.


28

Fine Arts: All students must complete one credit of a fine arts class (performing or

visual) to fulfill graduation requirements.

Performing Arts:

Comedy/Improv Workshop



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

This introductory level course presents a systematic

approach to developing skills and confidence in

appearing before an audience, whether on stage or at

the podium. The course explores practical

presentation skills that develop thinking and reacting

with fluidity, concentration, and confidence. In an

accessible enjoyable workshop curriculum, students

are introduced to a variety of techniques including

sketch comedy, improv, and physical theatre skills.

Students will collaboratively analyze comedy scripts,

satire, and other literature from the world of humor,

and using workshop techniques will develop comedy

dialogue. Many of the same techniques used in

hallmark comedy forums will be used to develop

sketch comedy pieces and improv ideas to encourage

confidence on stage or at the podium.

Theatre Production 1


Elective Course

Full Year Course


This course will give students an opportunity to fully

participate in theatre productions as an actor, designer, or in

a technical capacity. This course is also an introduction to

the nature and spirit of collaboration in a theatrical

enterprise.



Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Theatre Production 1

This course will give advanced students greater

opportunities to participate in school or festival

productions. It is designed to intensify the process and

challenges of being involved in theatrical productions as an

actor, a designer, or as a technician.



Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Theatre Production 2

For students on the road to theatre skills mastery this course

is designed to provide greater opportunities for

involvement in stage productions, while providing the

highest level of challenge in the areas of acting, directing,

and design. A hallmark of this course is the opportunity for

seniors to undertake a project of specific individual interest

in one of these three areas. (Senior projects require

approval of the instructor.)

Chorus - Popular Music Vocals



Full Year Course




Note: This class may be taken for credit multiple

times.

This introductory level course is designed for students

interested in studying music drawn from the popular music

traditions. Students will develop vocal skills and learn

techniques to sing various types of popular music. An

eclectic repertoire of pop, a cappella jazz, indie rock and

world music is on the charts for exploration, and students

will be encouraged to participate in a variety of

performance opportunities throughout the year, both on and

off campus.

Music Theory 1



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Music Theory 1 is structured for beginning students to

build a rudimentary understanding of the elements of the

written musical language. The presentation provides a

factual basis with the addition of a variety of aural,

performance, and analytic skills necessary to build the

many facets of musicianship as both a composer and


29

performer. Students who successfully complete this course

will have become fluent in reading, writing, and analyzing

the language of music.

Music Theory 2


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Music Theory 1

Music Theory 2 continues skill building in reading, writing

and analyzing the language of music. Music technology is

introduced to develop performance and aural skills, and

composition techniques.

Introduction to Musical Theatre



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Introduction to Musical Theatre surveys the history of

American Musical Theatre, including minstrel shows and

vaudeville, as well as the body of literature from this

performing arts genre that built the success of Broadway

and Hollywood.

Students explore the fundamental skills of singing, dancing,

and acting, and have the opportunity to gain one-on-one

technical instruction in these areas. Performance skills are

developed to prepare students to participate in musical

theatre productions and cabaret/revue performances.

AP Music Theory


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Music Theory 2 and Department

Chair Approval

The AP Music Theory course, the capstone of the music

program, is intended for students planning to major in

music or fine arts at the college level, or who seek

understanding in depth of the music language. Students are

expected to have some proficiency in vocal, instrumental,

or keyboard performance, as well as an elementary

understanding of the rudiments of music theory in order to

successfully complete this course. The AP Music Theory

curriculum is focused heavily on ear-training, sight-singing,

keyboard harmony, and the layering of information

necessary to develop sound analytic and composition skills.

To successfully complete the AP level course, students are

expected to have mastered understanding of various types

of seventh chords, modulation, and secondary dominants,

as well as binary and ternary forms. In addition students

demonstrate advanced composition techniques by writing

figured bass problems, complex melodic development, and

four-part harmony voice-leading.

Visual Arts:

Introduction to Studio Art



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Note: Students must take this year-long course to be

eligible to take the other studio art classes unless

exempted by the teacher and the division head.

The primary goal of the Introduction to Studio Art course is

to expose first year students to a wide variety of

experiences and to encourage new students to freely

explore many media and styles. Students work in many

different areas with the hope they will move on to work, in-

depth, on specific areas in Studio Art. The class is designed

to allow the students to have free access to all the materials

at all times. This encourages the students to utilize

everything at their disposal to make maximum use of their

artistic desires and allows for greater freedom of ideas and

styles.

The course is open to all levels of abilities. As such, we

assign whole class projects at the beginning of the year

with the knowledge that we will gradually individualize as

the year progresses. This allows us to pinpoint specific

interests and allows the students to work on these projects

in depth.

As the year progresses every student is working

independently on projects. This is one of the key

philosophies of the class: student individuality, which

creates a very high level of interest and excitement. The

students have a high degree of input into what it is they

would like to pursue. New assignments are designed to

meet each student’s individual needs. Individual attention

as well as consistent positive reinforcement is critical to the

success of these students as artists.

The Art room fosters a relaxed atmosphere of individuality,

creativity, and freedom to explore something that is wholly

of the student. Particular attention is paid to materials and

artistic avenues to give the students access to as many areas

as possible. As a result of teacher demonstrations and

instructions, the students have access to almost every major

area of art.


30

Studio Art 1


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Introduction to Studio Art Note: Upper level Studio Art courses offer a different focus

each trimester that further the skills learned in the

Introduction to Studio Art course. Studio Art 1 presents opportunities for students to work

with a wide variety of materials. While the course structure

continues the focus on the five main disciplines of studio

art (Drawing, Painting, Printmaking, Ceramics and

Sculpture/3-D Design), new techniques and skills are

learned through sequential steps in working with an

expanded list of materials. Strong emphasis is placed on

the development of drawing skills. Students explore

observational drawing techniques through the basic

problem of line, composition, and tonal/value relationships.

Students also learn to address issues of personal expression

and aesthetics, while still meeting the challenges of the

activities.

Studio Art 2


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Studio Art 1

Studio Art 2 is a more advanced exploration of concepts,

skills, and techniques in Drawing, Painting, Printmaking,

and Sculpture/3-D Design than in the prerequisite course.

Processes and skills associated with personal and social

expression are also explored, and connections to the works

of Masters are made and analyzed. Students are expected

to demonstrate greater understanding of concepts and

techniques, and are also expected to work at a more

demanding pace than in the prerequisite course. At the end

of the term, students submit proposals to undertake a

special project to allow further exploration of their specific

interests within a selected area of Drawing, Painting,

Printmaking, or Sculpture/3-D Design. The instructor’s

approval is required for these special projects.

Studio Art 3


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Studio Art 2

Studio Art 3 offers the opportunity for further study in

Studio Art to seniors who are not able to enroll in the AP

Studio Art course. This course is intended for seniors who

are seeking to develop a more sophisticated and refined

style for their artwork. Development of individual creative

solutions to problems involving advanced drawing skills,

spatial design, mixed media, painting, sculpture/3-D

design, and artisan crafts is made through the year-long

preparation of a Senior Portfolio. A proposal for study in a

minimum of three studio art disciplines of specific interest

to the student is submitted to the instructor for approval by

the end of the first week of the academic year. A wide

variety of materials are available for in-depth study.

Aesthetics and personal expression are developed to high

levels. Students are expected to work at a more demanding

pace than in the prerequisite course, and will produce

approximately six projects per trimester.

AP Studio Art


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisites: Introduction to Studio Art, Studio Art

1 and 2, and Department Chair Approval

The advanced studio art portfolio course addresses three

major concerns that are constants in the teaching of art:

(1) a sense of quality in a student’s work;

(2) the student’s concentration on a particular visual

interest or problem; and

(3) the student’s need for breadth of experience in the

formal, technical, and expressive means of the artist. The

AP work should reflect these three areas of concern:

quality, concentration, and breadth.

This course asks the student to demonstrate a depth of

investigation and process of discovery through the

concentration section. In the breath section, the student is

asked to demonstrate a serious grounding in visual

principles and material techniques. The quality section

permits the student to select works that best exhibit grasp of

form, technique, and content.

Students of AP Studio Art are required to work more

independently than students in the prerequisite level art

classes. Throughout the course students develop three

portfolios in specific areas and additionally select one area

of concentration. Since the work must be completed by the

end of April, significant portions of the assignments must

be completed at home. The scope of the course covers a

minimum of 29 completed projects in addition to

preliminary exploratory pieces and also rejected work.


31

Art History



Full Year Course



Prerequisite: None

The history of the visual arts is presented as a chronological

survey of selected art and architecture of primarily the

western world from the Paleolithic times to the present.

Painting, sculpture and architecture of the various cultures

throughout history are considered. Emphasis is placed

upon understanding the role of the visual arts within the

various ages more than the memorization of large numbers

of specific works. Art History is an interdisciplinary class;

this course brings together the political, religious,

economic, geographic, scientific, historical, and

sociological elements that have molded the arts throughout

the ages. Extensive use is made of slides to present visual

images of a variety of works within the historic periods and

cultures studied.

Black and White Photography


Elective

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Introduction to Studio Art

The fundamental goals of Black and White Photography

include introduction to the principles and techniques of the

black and white process, and the effective manipulation of

all the equipment and materials. Proper camera techniques

are emphasized though the various projects assigned.

Proper darkroom techniques and safety are constantly

emphasized and monitored.

Within each of the projects students are given a great deal

of latitude, encouraging individualism in interpreting and

solving the problem assigned. Their creativity, technique,

and composition are directly related to the quality of their

photographs. Continuous personal progression in

technique and style is stressed to help the students develop

a sense of pride in their creations.

Students explore black and white photography from not

only the artistic viewpoint, but also from the

communications and advertising aspects. Initially, class

demonstrations are used to introduce concepts to the

students. There is a high level of individual attention

thereafter. Students are highly encouraged to experiment.

The students have free access to the darkroom and all of the

equipment. Projects are geared to instill personal

responsibility in the students.

Once students acquire the basic foundations of

photography, the emphasis of the course turns to

personalized image control. Special printing techniques as

well as variations in films, developers, printing papers,

lenses, and larger camera formats will be explored.

Digital Imaging Applications and Film Analysis


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Introduction to Studio Art, and Black and

White Photography (preferred). Enrollment requires

Teacher approval.

Note: Enrollment limited to 10 students per class.

All students are required to own a digital

camera and 2+ gig flash drives. This course introduces photographic image modification

through the use of computer technology. Students are

introduced to digital image creation and selection and learn

how to compose and create images through various software

applications, such as Photoshop, Lightbox, and Aperture.

Methods for archiving and filing of images are also taught.

Students are introduced to the film-making and editing

processes through several software programs such as iMovie

and Final Cut. Desktop publishing is introduced through the

use of InDesign.

Students will view, discuss, and critique important films and

film clips selected primarily from the past 60 years. Class

discussion and student presentations are an important

component to this portion of the class. Varying topics, styles,

and genre of films will be discussed.

Technical Drawing 1


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Course Offered Every year

Prerequisite: Introduction to Studio Art Technical drawing, also known as drafting, is the academic

discipline used by architects, interior designers, drafters,

design engineers, and related professionals to create

standardized technical documents. Standards and

conventions for layout, line thickness, text size, symbols,

view projections, descriptive geometry, dimensioning, and

notation are used to create drawings that are ideally

interpreted in only one way.

A person who does drafting is known as a drafter. In some

areas this person may be referred to as a drafting

technician, draftsperson, or draughts person. This person

creates technical drawings, which are a form of specialized

graphic communication.


32

A technical drawing differs from a common drawing by

how it is interpreted. A common drawing can hold many purposes and meanings, while a technical drawing is

intended to concisely and clearly communicate all needed

specifications to transform an idea.

This course introduces the student to the fundamentals of

technical drawing with an emphasis on basic geometrical

drawing and construction applications and hones the

student’s technical drawing skills.

This course touches on the basic drafting principles/skills,

machine drawings, pictorial drawings, detail drawings, and

architectural drawings. Emphasis is given to drafting

equipment, materials, instruments, lettering, orthographic

drawing, pictorial drawing, auxiliary drawing, sections and

conventions, and dimensioning. Drafting instruments are

used in solving problems relating to detail and assembly

drawing, and geometric construction. Specialization in

architectural drafting, landscape architecture, piping

schematics, machine design and other disciplines are

explored. Introduction and exploration of CAD systems as

well as 3-D Diorama and 3-D printing will be included as

applicable.

Technical Drawing provides an excellent foundation for

those students interested in engineering, architecture,

interior design, drafting technology, and all other phases of

the technical world relating to and communicating through

descriptive drawings.

Technical Drawing 2


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Technical Drawing 1

Technical Drawing 2 is a continuation of the Technical

Drawing 1 course. Students take the fundamentals learned

in the previous course and focus on a particular discipline.

Students may concentrate on one of the following

disciplines: Architectural Drawing, Mechanical Drawing,

Landscape, Civil, or Electrical Drawing.

Curriculum will be designed on an individual basis given

the student’s area of interest. .

Journalism 1 & 2 listed on pages 9 – 10.


33

Tech Ed

Graphic Communications

Available to grades 10, 11, 12

Full Year Course

Course offered every year

Prerequisite: None

Note: Enrollment limited to 16 students

Graphic Communications will provide students the tools

and knowledge to create digital art and content using the

programs that make up the Adobe Creative Suite. Students

will learn how to create and manipulate images while

learning the basic and midrange tools that are available in

Illustrator, Photoshop, and InDesign. They will also be

introduced to the tools and skills needed for basic video

creation.

The course will focus on introducing the tools of each

program as well as creating content that can be used in

presentations, advertisements, website design, online

posting, and videos. Students will learn the specific needs

of real world applications of these programs along with the

specifics of vector and raster images creating professional

looking content.

Students will also learn the different applications of content

and an understanding of the various requirements in print

media, digital content, and basic video editing and

production. Coursework will be project-based and taught as

if the students were working in a real-world advertising

agency environment.

Advanced Placement Computer Science A


Elective Course

Full Year Course


Prerequisite: None

Note: Enrollment limited to 10 students

The focus of this course is to provide students with a

conceptual background in computer science. The major

emphasis is on programming methodology, algorithms, and

non-dynamic data structure in the JAVA language. This

course prepares a student for advanced placement in

computer science by means of the Advanced Placement

Examination Level A in Computer Science of the College

Entrance Board. Students are required to take the AP

Computer Science A examination which is administered in

May.

From the syllabus the description is as follows.

A college level course for students seeking to further their

programming skills with an advanced Object-Oriented

programming language. This course presents an overview

of computing operational principles, terminology,

components, hardware and software trends, typical

software applications, junior level programming, and use of

case studies. Hands-on laboratory component introduces

Java. This course is designed to lead into college level

programming courses. The students will take the AP

Computer Science A exam, which can be applied for

college


34

Physical Education: Two PE credits are required for graduation. Physical

Education 9P

thP Grade comprises 1 of the 2 credits. The second credit is obtained by

completing a higher level Physical Education course or by completing 3 seasons of any

extra-curricular sports during the student’s Upper School tenure.

Physical Education 9 P

thP Grade



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Completed Sports/PE Physical

The class includes a fitness component with weight training

and a cardiovascular emphasis. Seasonal sports are played

including soccer, volleyball, lacrosse, basketball, tennis,

team handball, softball, flag football, and Ultimate Frisbee.

The grade for physical education will be based on

participation, dressing in the proper uniform, tests, proper

charting and use of weights, sportsmanship, and basic

knowledge of the skills of the sports listed above.

Health Topics: The Health Topics course is an exploration

of subject matters, which relate directly to the health and

welfare of the Human Being. The students gain an

awareness of the importance of healthy personal habits and

actions as they relate to preservation of a healthful lifestyle

and prevention of disease and disability.

The students attend health class one or two days per week

as an adjunct to their Physical Education course.

Fitness for Life



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Physical Education 9 and

Completed Sports/PE Physical

Fitness for life is designed to encourage personal fitness as

a way of life. Lifetime sport activities will be emphasized

with team sports included. Cardiovascular fitness, muscle

strength, endurance, flexibility and positive mental health

will be targeted during each class. Current health issues

will be discussed and projects assigned.

Advanced Physical Education



Full Year Course


Prerequisite: Physical Education 9 and

Completed Sports/PE Physical

Advanced Physical Education provides the student a

physical education outlet designed with more emphasis

placed on tournament style play of sports.

Students will be involved in weight and aerobic training

while engaging in team sports such as handball, touchkball,

basketball, volleyball, soccer, ultimate Frisbee and flag

football.

The class must enroll no fewer than 8 participants.

Athletic Department Internship


Elective Course

Full Year Course

The Athletic Department Internship is offered to students

who are highly invested in Wakefield's Athletics program

and wish to earn credit by helping with its execution.

Students will be exposed to scheduling software and

websites, game day preparation and techniques, turf

management practices, and inventory management. The

class is a regular class. Often at the end of the day, students

are required to sometimes lift relatively heavy objects and

must be able to attend on a regular basis

35

Independent Studies

Independent Studies are available to Juniors and Seniors who are seeking to take a course that is

not available at Wakefield School. To be eligible a student must:

1. have exhausted the school’s offerings in a specific discipline.

2. have an approved independent study advisor (someone who works in the department).

3. submit a proposal to and obtain approval from the Curriculum Committee.

4. have proven academic strength with a solid work ethic.

The application for an independent study must include the following information:

1. Your name and your independent study advisor’s name

2. The title of the course

3. An outline or detailed description of what topics you will be studying each trimester

4. The title of the book(s) you will be using for the class

5. Methods of evaluation and assessment – what work will you be producing to show to

your independent study advisor for a trimester grade

You should work with your independent study advisor and Department Chair on this proposal

and submit it to the Curriculum Committee at the May meeting. The more detailed your

proposal, the more likely the Curriculum Committee will approve it. The Curriculum Committee

seeks applicants who have demonstrated thought and effort on their proposal and who have

worked closely with their independent study advisor to develop and document rigorous

curriculum-structured evaluation checkpoints and assessment rubrics. A proposal that is not

acceptable to the Curriculum Committee or has not been fully developed will most likely not be

approved or will be given back to the student for further work.

Please be aware that as an independent study, there is no guarantee that you and your

independent study advisor will have a common free period to work on your course of study. As

you should be meeting with your independent study advisor three or four times during the

grading period, you may need to arrange activity periods or after school time to meet.

Independent study advisors will submit interims, trimester grades, and trimester exam

grades (or their equivalent) for each student.

If you have any further questions about the Independent Study, please contact the Curriculum

Committee chairperson or the Registrar.

36

Math Independent Study:

Math Department Independent Study


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Completion of AP Calculus AB or AP

Statistics

The mathematics department at Wakefield School endorses

the opportunity for independent study under the following

criteria:

1. The content, assessment, procedures, and process

of independent study must be coordinated by a

Wakefield School faculty member

knowledgeable in the subject matter chosen for

the independent study. This coordinator will

oversee the student's work, establish deadlines

and objectives, set time tables and evaluation

criterion, and supply a syllabus.

2. All independent study must be approved by the

department chairperson and the Wakefield

School Curriculum Committee.

3. The content of an independent study shall not be

a replica of a course currently being offered at

Wakefield School.

Off Campus Independent Study Available to Grades: 11, 12

Elective Course

No Wakefield School Credit Given

FALL and/or SPRING

This type of independent study is made available for

students who have exhausted Wakefield School's course

offerings and who are seeking opportunities in advanced

mathematics through an off campus program at a local

college. Students choosing this option will require a study

hall in their daily class schedule at Wakefield School.

Science Department Independent Study:


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisite: Completed Science Graduation

Requirements

Students pursue Independent Study under the guidance of a

Science Department faculty member, and the Department

Chair must approve this Independent Study before the

student begins. Topics of study will be Science curriculum

that is not offered by the school. These topics will be on a

college level and will require active involvement of the

student. The student and the faculty member will prepare a

course outline that shows adequate investigation and

evaluation opportunities. A completed portfolio of the

subject must be submitted for evaluation each trimester,

and trimester exams or equivalent will be designed to

enhance the completion of this Independent Study.

Students wishing to complete an Independent Study should

be strongly self-motivated and time oriented to meet the

trimester deadlines.

History Department Independent Study:


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisites: Completed History Graduation

Requirements

Under the guidance of a History Department faculty

member this independent study will allow students to select

a meaningful topic(s) and engage in original historical

research. If possible, this work will be done in conjunction

with a local professional historical association in which the

student will be able to have additional hands-on

opportunities to develop their historical research skills. In

effect you will be doing the work of real historians.

World Languages Department

Independent Study:

French Language Independent Study


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisites: Completed AP French and


This is a language class, so the student must include a

speaking component in the proposal. Here are some

possibilities for meeting that requirement:

· A schedule that allows for some participation in

either the regularly scheduled AP or French 4

class so that the student can participate in oral

activities.

· A project in conjunction with other Wakefield

teachers to work with Lower or Middle School

students in French.

· An outside job (paid or volunteer) that includes 30

hours/year of working in French.

Meanwhile the student would continue to study the

language by selecting either a Current Events Track with

37

regular assignments based on periodicals, a Literary Track,

following the AP literature reading list, or a Film Track

which would require in-depth study of French-language

cinema. A student could propose a combination of these

aspects.

Spanish Independent Study


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisites: Completed AP Spanish and


This is a language class, so the student must include a

speaking component in the proposal. Here are some

possibilities for meeting that requirement:

· A schedule that allows for some participation in

either the regularly scheduled AP or Spanish 4

class so that the student can participate in oral

activities.

· A project in conjunction with other Wakefield

teachers to work with Lower or Middle School

students in Spanish.

· An outside job (paid or volunteer) that includes

30 hours/year of working in Spanish.

Meanwhile the student would continue to study the

language by selecting either a Current Events Track with

regular assignments based on periodicals, a Literary Track,

following the AP literature reading list, or a Film Track

which would require in-depth study of Spanish-language

cinema. A student could propose a combination of these

aspects.

Latin Independent Study


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisites: AP Latin and Department Chair

Approval

The Latin Independent Study requires extensive

readings in higher level Latin prose and poetry as

well as Latin composition. The curriculum will

include Cicero, Tacitus, Ovid and Horace. The third

trimester will focus on Latin texts from the Middle

Ages.

Fine Arts Department Independent

Study:


Elective Course

Full Year Course

Prerequisites: Department Chair Approval

The Fine Arts Department at Wakefield School endorses

the opportunity for independent study under the following

criteria:

1. Submittal of a portfolio, projects,

presentation, etc. as appropriate, prepared

and submitted within an approved timeline

for Independent Study consideration.

2. Detailed assessment documented in the

proposal to ensure the academic integrity of

the Independent Study.

Given the expansive nature of the four disciplines (Art,

Music, Theatre, Publications) in the Fine Arts department,

each Independent Study request will be reviewed

independently on its own merit.

Wakefield School Course Catalog (20160314)€¦ · Each student should also review the Graduation...

Documents

Transcript of Wakefield School Course Catalog (20160314)€¦ · Each student should also review the Graduation...