Wacker Silicone

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK

Wacker-Chemie GmbH

Silicones Division

Hanns-Seidel-Platz 4

D-81737 München

Germany

Tel. +49-89-62 79-01

Fax +49-89-62 79-28 88

http://www.wacker.com

Silicone-Info Service

Tel. +8 00-62 79-80 00

E-mail: silicones@wacker.com

n

CH 3

CH 3

SiO

CH 3

CH 3

Si

CH 3

O

CH 3

CH 3

SiCH 3

AK 10

AK 20

AK 0,65

AK 5

AK 35

AK 50

AK 100

AK 150

AK 200

AK 250

AK 350

AK 500

AK 1 000

AK 2 000

AK 5 000

AK 10 000

AK 12 500

AK 20 000

AK 30 000

AK 60 000

AK 80 000

AK 100 000

AK 300 000

AK 200 000

AK 500 000

AK 1 000 000

AK 600 000

Chemical Structure

2

Our Product Range

3

Silicone Fluids AK are clear liquidssupplied in viscosities ranging from0.65 to 1 000 000 mm2 s-1. Theirunique properties are due to theirmolecular structure.

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are dimethylpolysiloxanes whose unbranched chainsare made up of alternate silicon andoxygen atoms, the free valencies of thesilicon being saturated by methyl groups.While the carbon chains of organiccompounds show little resistance to

certain external influences, the stabili-ty of inorganic Si-O linkages is, in manyways, like the chemical inertness of sili-cate minerals. The structure of SiliconeFluids AK can be represented by the fol-lowing general formula:

The molecular weight, which deter-mines the viscosity of Silicone Fluids AK,is governed by the number "n" ofdimethylsiloxane units in the molecule.Even if Silicone Fluids AK contain morethan 2 000 such groups, they are stillliquid at room temperature. As the mo-lecular weight increases, soft, slightlysticky substances are formed which,however, are still capable of flowing.The adjacent table shows the relation-ship between the viscosity and the mo-lecular size of dimethyl silicone fluidsof the chemical structure shown above.

The figures given for molecular weightand "n" are calculated mean values.

162

3 000

5 000

15 000

37 000

74 000

Molecularweight

Viscosity[mm2 s-1] n

0

40

70

200

500

1 000

50

100

1 000

10 000

100 000

0.65

We produce Wacker Silicone Fluids AKin a range of viscosities. The followingproduct codes indicate the viscosity ofthe silicone fluid in mm2 s-1 at 25 °C.

Storage stability

Silicone Fluids AK have a shelf life of atleast 12 months if stored in originallysealed containers between 5 °C and30 °C.The “Best use before end” - dateof each batch is shown on the productlabel.If the material is kept beyond the shelflife recommended on the product label,it is not necessarily unusable, but a qua-lity control should be performed on theproperties relevant to the application.

100 000

60 000

30 000

12 500

5 000

2 000

1 000

350

100

50

35

20

10

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %0102030405060708090100 0 %

60 000

30 000

12 500

5 000

2 000

1 000

350

100

50

35

20

10

Vis

cosi

ty [m

m2 s

-1]

Low viscosityHigh viscosity

Description of Wacker Silicone Fluids AK

54

200200

Blending of Wacker Silicone Fluids AK

In addition to the listed grades of WackerSilicone Fluids AK we can supply specialviscosities on request. If silicone fluidswith viscosities other than those indica-ted are required, the desired viscositiescan be achieved by blending. All WackerSilicone Fluids AK have the same chem-ical structure and are therefore misciblein any proportion. The mixing ratios ofthe individual components can be ob-tained from the diagram opposite.

To achieve the required viscosity, it isbest to blend standard viscosity siliconefluids. To obtain a silicone fluid with a vis-cosity of 1 500 mm2 s-1 at 25 °C, prod-ucts with viscosities closest to this figureshould be used, ie, AK 1 000 andAK 2 000.

In the adjoining diagram a horizontaldashed line is first drawn from thepoint equivalent to 1 500 mm2 s-1 (ie,the required viscosity). From the pointat which the dashed line intersects theconnecting line between the two stand-ard viscosities, a vertical dashed lineis drawn to meet the percentage scalewhich indicates the amounts of highand low viscosity silicone fluids thathave to be mixed to obtain the desiredviscosity.

In the example given, 40 wt % of thelow viscosity silicone fluid (ie, AK 1 000)and 60 wt % of the high viscosity one(ie, AK 2 000) are needed.

Properties

The most important characteristics ofWacker Silicone Fluids AK are describedin the following pages. A summary of themost important physical properties isgiven on pages 6 and 7. The propertiesof the higher viscosity grades – fromabout AK 100 – show only minor differ-ences.

Viscosityat 25 °C1)

Densityat 25 °C

Pour pointDIN 51794

Brechungs-indexbei 25 °C

Refractiveindexat 25 °Cand 102 Hz

Surfacetensionat 25 °CDIN 53 914

[mm2 s-1] [mPa · s] [g/cm3] [W · K-1 · m-1] [°C] [°C] [%] [mN/m]

Physical Properties of Wacker Silicone Fluids AK

The tolerance for up to 50 mm2 s-1 is ± 10 %, for higher viscosity fluids ± 5 %

Viscosity-temperature coefficient: 1 –

Flash point determination in accordance with DIN 51 755

Percentage weight loss of a 5-g sample weighed into a 10-cm3 metal capsule and heated at 230 °C for two hours

6

1)

2)

3)

4)

kinematic viscosity at 99 °C

kinematic viscosity at 38 °C

> 130

> 165

> 200

> 235

> 250

> 275

> 300

> 300

> 300

> 300

> 300

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

> 320

15,9

19,2

20,2

20,6

20,7

20,8

20,9

21,0

21,0

21,0

21,1

21,1

21,2

21,3

21,4

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

21,5

2,18

2,49

2,61

2,68

2,69

2,71

2,73

2,73

2,73

2,73

2,73

2,74

2,74

2,74

2,74

2,75

2,75

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

2,76

1,375

1,396

1,399

1,401

1,402

1,402

1,403

1,403

1,403

1,403

1,4035

1,4035

1,4035

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

1,4037

Kp100 °C/1 bar

< 4 (1h/150 °C)

< 1 (1h/150 °C)

< 1 (1h/150 °C)

< 6

< 2

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,5

< 1,0

< 1,0

< 0,75

< 0,75

< 0,75

< 0,75

< 0,75

< 0,75

< 0,75

< 1,0

–68

< –80

< –80

< –70

< –60

–55

–55

–50

–50

–50

–50

–50

–50

–50

–50

–45

–45

–45

–45

–45

–45

–40

–40

–40

–40

–40

–40

–13)

0,56

0,575

0,585

0,59

0,59

0,595

0,595

0,595

0,595

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

0,60

10

20

35

50

100

150

200

250

350

500

1 000

2 000

5 000

10 000

12 500

20 000

30 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

200 000

300 000

500 000

600 000

1 000 000

0,65 0,76

0,92

0,93

0,945

0,955

0,96

0,963

0,965

0,966

0,967

0,968

0,969

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

0,97

10,0

9,7

9,5

9,5

9,4

9,3

9,3

9,3

9,25

9,25

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

9,2

0,10

0,12

0,13

0,14

0,14

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

0,15

–

–

–

–5

0,6

4,6

9,3

19

33

48

96

145

193

240

340

485

970

1 940

4 850

9 700

12 100

19 400

29 100

58 200

77 600

97 000

194 000

290 000

485 000

582 000

970 000

All figures are intended as a guide and should not beused in preparing specifications.

Kinematic Dynamic

Viscosity-temperaturecoefficient2)

Coefficientof thermalexpansionat 0 – 150 °C

Thermalconductivityat 50 °C

Volatility4)

cm3

cm3 · °C· 10-4

Flash pointISO 2592acc. toCleveland

The VTC increases with increasing vis-cosity and reaches a maximum value of0.60 at 100 mm2 s-1. In other words, forWacker Silicone Fluids with viscosities> 100 mm2 s-1, the temperature depend-ence of the viscosity is the same. Forsilicone fluids with viscosities below100 mm2 s-1, the VTC can be taken fromthe table on p. 6.The diagram belowshows the kinematic viscosity of WackerSilicone Fluids AK ≥ 100 mm2 s-1, dividedby the kinematic viscosity at 25 °C, as afunction of temperature.

8 9

Viscosity

0.2

0.3

0.40.5

0.1

Vis

cosi

ty /

visc

osity

at 2

5 °C

Temperature [°C]

0–25 25 50 100 150 250

1

2

4

VTC = 1–Viscosity [mm2 s-1] at 99 °C

Viscosity [mm2 s-1] at 38 °C

Wacker Silicone Fluid AK 100

Engine oil SAE 10

Viscosity in mm2 s-1 at –25 °C

350

5 000

100

100

25

5

25 °C 120 °C

200

0.06

3

Vis

cosi

ty [m

Pa

s]

10 000

1 000

100

0 400 800 1 200 1 600 2 000Pressure [bar]

b

a

Vis

cosi

ty [P

a s

]

Shear rate [s-1]

100 1 000 10 000 100 000

100

10

1

AK 60 000

AK 30 000

AK 12 500

75 125 175 225

Dependence on temperature

As with all liquids, the viscosity of WackerSilicone Fluids AK varies with tempera-ture, but not nearly as much as that ofmineral oils, for example, as is shown bythe following comparative figures:

At room temperature, both fluids havethe same viscosity, but between –25and 120 ° C, the viscosity of the mineraloil changes much more than that of thesilicone fluid. The viscosity-temperaturecoefficient (VTC) is a measure of therelationship between viscosity and tem-perature. This is

Example:A Wacker Silicone Fluid AK has a kinematic viscosity of 500 mm2 s-1 at 25 °C.At 100 °C, visc. (100 °C)/visc. (25 °C) = 0.31.The viscosity at 100 °C is visc. (100 °C) = 0.31 x visc. (25 °C) = 155 mm2 s-1.

Effect of shear

All Wacker Silicone Fluids AK up toAK 1 000 behave almost like Newtonianliquids, ie, their viscosity is unaffectedby shear. High-viscosity silicone fluidsshow non-Newtonian, or pseudoplasticbehaviour, ie, their viscosity decreaseswith increasing shear.

Example:Effect of pressure on the viscosity of two silicone fluids at 25 °C, according to KUSSa) 130 mPa s, b) 1 400 mPa s

Effect of pressure

The viscosity of Wacker Silicone FluidsAK increases with increasing pressure– but less so than in the case of mineraloils. When oils with viscosities ≥ 1 Pa sare subjected to a pressure of 450 bar,their viscosity will increase by a factorof 2.

creases. The temperature gradient is– 0.00038/°C and is unaffected by vis-cosity.All Wacker Silicone Fluids AK have muchthe same light absorption. In the visiblerange (400 – 760 nm) thin layers have

Thermal conductivity

The thermal conductivity of WackerSilicone Fluids AK is only slightly affect-ed by temperature. From grades AK 350upward it is practically constant, beingapproximately 0.15 W K-1 m-1 at 50 °C.The lower viscosity fluids have lowervalues. Wacker Silicone Fluid AK 0.65 forexample, has a thermal conductivity ofaround 0.10 W K-1 m-1 (see p. 6).

Dependence on viscosity

The density of Wacker Silicone Fluids AKincreases with increasing viscosity, attain-ing a maximum value of 0.97 g cm-3 at25 °C at a viscosity of about 500 mm2 s-1

(see p. 6).

Dependence on temperature

Temperature has a greater effect on thedensity of Wacker Silicone Fluids AK thanon that of mineral oils. Temperature de-pendence decreases with increasing den-sity – and with increasing viscosity. At adensity of 0.97 g cm-3 and a viscosity of≥ 500 mm2 s-1 the coefficient of thermalexpansion attains the minimum value of0.00092/°C (see p. 6). The temperature-density relationship is almost linear.

The density r [g cm-3] of a Wacker SiliconeFluid AK with viscosity ≥ 500 mm2 s-1 attemperature T [°C] (–20 °C to 200 °C) canbe calculated from the following formula:

This function is plotted in the adjacentdiagram.

Dependence on pressure

The density of Wacker Silicone Fluids AKis strongly dependent on pressure. Thisdependence decreases with increase inviscosity. The adiabatic compressibilityof oils with viscosity ≥ 100 mm2 s-1 is100 x 10-11 m2 N-1at 25 °C. It rises in linewith the temperature. Since Wacker Sili-cone Fluids AK have much higher com-pressibility than mineral oils, they are usedas damping media, eg, in shock absorbers.

Density

10 11

r (25 °C) = 0.97 g/cm3;a = 9.2 x 10-4/°C; b = 4.5 x 10-7/°C2

r (T) = r (25 °C) / [1 + a (T–25) + b (T–25)2]

Wacker Silicone Fluid AK

Pour point [°C]

Melting point [°C]

< –60

–44

–55

–40

–55

–38

–50

–38

35 50 100 1 000

Pre

ssur

e [b

ar]

Compressibility [%]2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

1 000

2 000

4 000

3 000

Mineral o

il

Wacker Silicone Fluid

AK abov

e 100m

m2 s

-1

Wacker Silicone Fluid

AK 0.65

mm

2 s-1

Temperature [°C]

0 20 50 100 150 200

Den

sity

[g/c

m3 ] 1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

Mineral oil Silicone fluid

200 400 900 1 400 1 900 2 400 2 800Wavelength [nm]

Tran

smis

sion

[%] 100

75

25

0

50

almost 100 % transmission. In the UVrange below 200 nm, the fluids do nottransmit light. The UV-vis-NIR trans-mission spectrum for AK 100 over apath length of 2 mm is shown below.

Specific heat capacity

The specific heat capacity of WackerSilicone Fluids AK shows a slight de-pendence on viscosity in the low vis-cosity range. Wacker Silicone Fluids AK ≥ 50 mm2 s-1 have a specific heatcapacity of about 1.55 J g-1 K-1. Thisvalue increases slightly with risingtemperature.

Pour points

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are noted fortheir exceptionally low pour points. Theseincrease to –40 °C with increasing viscos-ity of the silicone fluid (see p. 7).Their tendency to supercool should beborne in mind during low-temperatureuse. Slow cooling, eg, ≤ 0.2 °C min-1,induces crystallization. The meltingpoints of the fluids are higher than thepour points (see adjacent table).If the fluids are kept for a long time ata temperature between the pour pointand the melting point, spontaneouscrystallization may occur.Fluids with a viscosity of ≥ 100 mm2 s-1,when cooled rapidly, solidify in anamorphous state at a temperature of–122 °C (the glass transition temperature).

Refractive index and light absorption

The refractive index of Wacker SiliconeFluids AK increases with increasing vis-cosity, attaining a maximum value of1.404 at 25 °C at a viscosity of around1 000 mm2 s-1 (see p. 7). As the tem-perature rises, the refractive index de-

12 13

53

351

1 000

54

398

1 525

59

627

5 973

69

gels

gels

98 230

Initial viscosity [mm2 s-1]Radiation dose [Mrad]

5 10 20 40 60

Sur

face

tens

ion

[mN

m-1

]

Viscosity [mm2 s-1] at 25 °C

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

15

0,6 1 00050010050105

AK 50

AK 350

AK 1 000

Wacker Silicone Fluid

Heat resistance

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are more heatresistant than mineral oils. The gradesfrom 35 mm2 s-1 upwards show excellentlong-term resistance to temperatures upto 150 °C in the presence of air. At tem-peratures above 150 °C, their viscositychanges due to oxidation. In closed sys-tems, where the silicone fluids are not incontact with the atmosphere, or in aninert atmosphere (eg, nitrogen, carbondioxide and rare gases) they will with-stand longer exposure up to 200 °C.Within these permissible temperaturesthe properties of silicone fluids are large-ly maintained and there is neither de-composition nor discolouration.

Volatility

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are practicallynon-volatile at room temperature, exceptAK 0.65, and their volatility is very loweven at high temperatures. Volatilitydecreases further with increasing vis-cosity of the silicone fluid (see p. 7).

Flash points

The flash points of Wacker Silicone FluidAK grades above 100 mm2 s-1 lie above300 °C. As their viscosities decrease, sodo their flash points. For Wacker SiliconeFluid AK 0.65 it is –1 °C (see p. 7).

Self-ignition temperature

The self-ignition temperature increaseswith rising viscosity. For silicone fluidsfrom 100 mm2 s-1 upwards it remainsalmost constant at around 500 °C.

Calorific value

The calorific value of Wacker SiliconeFluid AK 350 is 23.24 kJ g-1 according toDIN 51 900. This figure can be regardedas applicable to all the silicone fluids inthe AK range.

Radiation resistance

The radiation resistance of Wacker Sili-cone Fluids AK depends on their viscos-ity and the radiation dose. The change in

the initial viscosity resulting from variousradiation doses is shown below, using60 Co g - radiation as an example.

Surface tension

One of the characteristics of WackerSilicone Fluids AK is low surface tension.For the higher viscosity grades it is around

21 mN m-1 and it is usually lower than thatof organic solvents. A low surface tensionis equivalent to high surface activity.

14 15

Contact angle [°C]

Untreated surface

Paraffin coated surface

AK 500 coated surface

Copper Brass Steel

78 °

103 °

104 °

82 °

107 °

100 °

50 °

105 °

108 °

Electrical properties

All Wacker Silicone Fluids have remark-ably good electrical insulating propertiesthat remain practically unchanged over awide range of frequencies. These proper-ties, combined with good temperature/viscosity characteristics, heat resistanceand water repellency, make these siliconefluids particularly useful as liquid dielec-trics.

Their dielectric strength, determined inaccordance with VDE 0370, is> 30 kV/2.5 mm at 23 °C. It decreaseswith rising temperature.

Their volume resistivity, determinedin accordance with VDE 0303, is> 1014 Ω cm at 25 °C. It decreases withrising temperature.

The dielectric number, determined inaccordance with VDE 0303, increaseswith increasing silicone fluid viscosity,reaching a maximum value of 2.75 at25 °C at a viscosity of around 300 mm2 s-1.The dielectric number decreases withrising temperature (see adjacent dia-grams).

The dissipation factor, tan d, determinedin accordance with VDE 0303, is < 10 x 10-4

and remains constant over a wide rangeof temperatures and frequencies.

The electrical properties are influenced bythe moisture content of the silicone fluids(< 200 ppm). Dielectric strength and vol-ume resistivity decrease with increasingmoisture content, whereas the dielectricnumber and dissipation factor increase.

Solubility

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are non-polarin character and show the typical solubil-ity characteristics of non-polar substan-ces. Solubility changes slightly with vis-cosity. The low viscosity silicone fluids,up to 20 mm2 s-1 for example, will dissolvein any proportion in dioxane, butanol andisopropyl alcohol, whereas the higher vis-cosity grades are only partially soluble inthese solvents. The presence of water inthe solvents markedly reduces the solu-bility of silicone fluids. Wacker SiliconeFluids AK are largely miscible with WackerSilicone Fluids AS, but not with WackerSilicone Fluids AR, AP and CR.

Gases are highly soluble in Wacker Sili-cone Fluids AK. For fluids ≥ 100 mm2 s-1,gas solubility is independent of the vis-cosity. The adjacent diagram shows theslight temperature dependence of thesolubility of oxygen and nitrogen and theextremely high and pronounced tempera-ture-dependent solubility of carbon diox-ide in Wacker Silicone Fluid AK 100.

Water-repellent properties

All Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are insolu-ble in and unaffected by water. A measureof their water-repellent properties is whatis known as the contact angle, which isdetermined on a droplet of water restingon a pre-treated glass plate. It has beenfound that treating the glass with WackerSilicone Fluid AK 500 results in about thesame contact angle as treating it withparaffin, generally regarded as the mostwater-repellent of all liquids. Paraffinproduces a contact angle of about 105°,silicone fluids between 90° and 110°.Droplets of water placed on a clean metalsurface have a relatively small contactangle, which can be greatly increased bytreating the surface with, for example,silicone fluid. The following table showsthat treatment with Wacker Silicone FluidAK 500 achieves the same improvement

as treating the surface with paraffin.Pure silicone fluids are normally usedto achieve water repellency only wherehigh curing temperatures are possible,eg, in the treatment of glass ampoules.Wacker has developed a wide range of

silicone impregnating agents to meet therequirements of many different indus-tries. These are described in separatebrochures.

Solvents in which Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are soluble in all proportions:

Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons

Chlorohydrocarbons

Higher alcohols from C5 on

Ethers

Esters

Ketones

Gas

sol

ubili

ty [c

m3 /

g]

0Temperature [°C]

50 100 200

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0150

1

23

1: Carbon dioxide2: Oxygen3: Nitrogen

Gas solubility of Wacker Silicone Fluid AK 100

2.8

Die

lect

ric n

umb

er e

r at 1

000

Hz/

25 °C

1Viscosity [mm2 s-1]

10 100 1 000

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.8

Die

lect

ric n

umb

er e

r at 1

02 – 1

05 Hz

Temperature [°C]

2.7

2.6

2.3

150

2.5

2.4

10080604020

16 17

All figures are intended as a guide and should not beused in preparing specifications.

Applications of Wacker Silicone Fluids AK

Surface slip

Certain properties of Wacker SiliconeFluids AK make them ideal for use aslubricants. These include low pour points,high flash points, excellent heat resis-tance and compressive strength, as wellas relatively constant viscosities underconditions of fluctuating temperatures.

Despite these considerable advantagesover organic substances, Wacker Sili-cone Fluids AK cannot be regarded asgeneral-purpose lubricants. They can berecommended only in certain cases, eg,when they are used as hydraulic fluidsor heat transfer media, where lubrica-ting properties are of secondary impor-tance.

In sliding friction between ferrous metalsurfaces, they have only very limitedload-bearing capacity. In sliding and,especially, rolling friction between fer-rous and other metals, the load-bearingcapacity and lubricating properties aresomewhat better.

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are especiallyuseful for bearings and gears made of re-inforced and unreinforced plastics. Theyhave also proved satisfactory as lubri-cants for natural and synthetic rubber,PVC, polystyrene as well as for sewingthread. AK 10 to AK 35 are used for verylow bearing temperatures, AK 100 toAK 500 being used for temperatures upto 180 °C. In most cases, however, it ispreferable to use silicone fluids and sili-cone greases which have been speciallydeveloped as lubricants, in preference toWacker Silicone Fluids AK, since theirproperties make them more suitable forthis purpose. They are described in ourbrochure "Wacker Silicone Lubricants".

Dyestuffs

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK may be col-oured with fat-soluble dyes such as

Spritblau (blue), made by Hoechst AGSudanblau II (blue), made by BASFSudanviolett BRN (violet), made by BASFFettrot B (red), made by Hoechst AGCiba-Rot (red), made by Ciba.

Physiological properties

Wacker Silicone Fluids AK are purepolydimethylsiloxanes. In animal testsinvolving dermal, inhalational or oralexposure, these products did not exhibitacute toxic effects, nor were harmful effectsobserved in studies on subchronic oraltoxicity (90 days) conducted in cooperationwith other silicone manufacturers.Numerous genotoxicity studies, which arealso described in the literature, make noreference to any mutagenic potential. Skinirritation and sensitization trials showedgood skin compatibility in tests on bothanimals and humans (human insult repeatpatch test). In animal tests, only upondirect contact with the eye of a rabbit wasa slight, temporary irritation of theconjunctiva observed. Specialclassification, as defined by the EUdirective, is not, however, mandatory.

According to the German Food Regula-tions there is no objection to the use ofWacker Silicone Fluids AK with viscos-ities of ≥ 100 mm2 s-1 for the productionof consumer goods for food contactapplications. Appropriate viscosities arealso allowed under certain FDAregulations.

Please contact Wacker-Chemie fordetailed information.

For external cosmetic applications thereis no restriction with regard to the viscosityof the Wacker Silicone Fluid AK.

Release agents

Lubricants

Damping media

Hydraulic fluids

Liquid dielectrics

Water repellents

Antifoam agents

Cosmetic anddermatologicalpreparations

Creams andpolishes

Demoulding of rubber and plasticsparts, eg, in tyre manufacture andin the moulding of polyamide,cellulose acetate, polystyrene andPVC; packaging industry

Plastics bearings, films, cuttingtools, mouldings and extrusions,sewing threads

Speed regulators, fluid clutches(eg, for fans), nautical and aero-nautical instruments, gyro-compasses, shock-absorbingstruts, recording instruments,time regulators, pneumaticvalves, overload relays, soundpickups

Shock absorbers, pumps, brakecylinders

Coolants (eg, for magnetrons andother heat-emitting units), trans-formers, capacitors, high-voltagetubes, aerospace applications(air is no longer effective as coolantat high altitudes)

Glass, ceramics, laminates;switches, insulators; textiles

Preventing foaming in non-aqueoussystems such as mineral andvegetable oils

Skin-care creams, sun creams,hair-care preparations, insectrepellents

Car and furniture polishes, shoecreams and floor polishes

Resistant to high and low temperatures,do not form residues on mould surfaces,one application sufficient for manymoulding operations;prevent thermoplastic materials fromsticking to mould surfaces

Impart excellent slip to plastics andrubber as well as water repellency;reduce surface friction

Physical properties are practicallyunchanged at temperatures above200 °C

Excellent viscosity/temperaturecharacteristics, high compressibilityand stability under shear

Electrical properties remain practi-cally unchanged at high and lowtemperatures and over a wide rangeof frequencies;radiation-resistant

Low surface tension, strongly waterrepellent, no nutrient for bacteriaand fungi

Effective even in very small amounts,odourless and tasteless

Non-irritating, non-sensitizing;they form a water repellent protectivefilm which allows the skin to breatheand does not irritate it.

Gloss-retaining, water-repellent,impart a silky feel

Used as ApplicationsProperties

Release agent for, eg, photocopiers,laser printers

Transformer fluids

Pharmaceutical applications

Cosmetic applications

Fan clutches, heat transfer

Fluid clutches, damping media

Application areas

Silicone Fluids AKF

Silicone Fluid TR 50

SILFAR®

Wacker-Belsil®DM

Silicone Fluids AKC

Silicone Fluids AK...stab

Wacker productname

kinematic viscosity[mm2 s-1], 75°C

100/300/1000/10000

50

350/500/1000

0,65/5/10/20/50/100/350/500/1000/12500/60000/300000/500000/1000000

2000/4000/5000/6000/125000/30000/50000

60000/100000/150000/200000/300000/500000/600000

Products for Special Applications

For special applications, we refer you tothe following Wacker Fluid AK-relatedproducts, which have special propertyprofiles. Please request the data sheetsyou require.

18

Application area personal care:Wacker-Belsil® DM fluids

Dimethicons are widely utilized in allaspects of personal-care product formu-lation. They are recognized as skin pro-tectant drugs providing a highly gas-permeable barrier on the skin, allowing itto “breath”. Dimethicones are utilized inskin-care formulations to improve sprea-

ding, reduce whitening or soaping duringrubbing in, impart softness and provide abreathable, protective barrier on the skin.In hair-care products, dimethiconesreduce combing forces. They also im-prove the feel of dry hair and reduce “fly-away” as well as imparting humidity

resistance and apparent lustre. In suncare and colour cosmetic formulations,dimethicone fluids with low molecularweight improve speadability and skin feel,while high molecular weight fluids andgums impart a water-resistant barrier.

SILFAR® and Wacker-Belsil® are registered trademarks of Wacker-Chemie GmbH.

Extremely low volatility

Low volatility, very goodelectrical properties

Low volatility, high purity

geringe Flüchtigkeiten,hohe Reinheit

Particularly heat stable

Increased fatigue resistancein contact with metals

Special properties

Wacker-Chemie

For us, quality starts with pains-

taking research at the highest

level, continues into perfecting pro-

duction processes, products and

test procedures and culminates in

our commitment to environmental

protection and to ISO 14001.

With production facilities in

Germany, USA, Brazil, Japan,

Singapore, India, France, Italy,

Spain and the Netherlands, and

through subsidiaries in almost

one hundred countries on all

continents, we have established

a global network that allows us

to respond swiftly and flexibly to

the demands of the market and

thus to the specific needs of our

customers. As a result, our pro-

ducts and customized technical

services are in great demand.

Customer proximity is ex-

tremely important to us. But even

more crucial are long-term partner-

ships based on mutual trust and

respect – a strong tradition at

Wacker-Chemie.

Wacker-Chemie is a globally active

company with headquarters in

Munich.

Our four divisions – Semicon-

ductors, Polymers, Silicones and

Materials – produce and sell the

following products around the world:

hyperpure silicon for semiconductor

devices, vinyl acetate polymers, base

materials, catalysts and specialty

chemicals, silicones, silanes and

fumed silicas, silicon carbide, ad-

vanced ceramics, boron compounds,

surface treatments and microporous

insulation material. 17,600 employ-

ees generate annual sales of over

3 billion euros. Roughly one third of

this is accounted for by silicones:

materials so versatile that they

have an extremely wide range of

applications and have secured

Wacker-Chemie a leading position in

the market for more than 50 years.

Our success is founded on

our ongoing commitment to high

quality, which pervades all aspects

of our business thinking and

practices.

The data presented in this brochure are in accordance with the present state of our knowledge, but do not absolve the user from carefully checking all supplies immedi-ately on receipt. We reserve the right to alter product constants within the scope of technical progress or new develop-ments. The recommendations made in this brochure should be checked by pre-liminary trials because of conditions dur-ing processing over which we have no control, especially where other compa-nies’ raw materials are also being used. The recommendations do not absolve the user from the obligation of investigating the possibility of infringement of third par-ties’ rights and, if necessary, clarifying the position. Recommendations for use do not constitute a warranty, either express or implied, of the fitness or suitability of the product for a particular purpose.

Sales offices and subsidiaries

Australia/VictoriaWacker Chemicals Australia Pty. Ltd.Tel. +61-3-98 02 61 00Fax +61-3-98 02 63 11

Austria/ViennaWacker-Chemie Ges.m.b.H.Tel. +43-1-5 36 52-0Fax +43-1-5 36 52-33

Brazil/JandiraWacker Química do Brasil Ltda.Tel. +55-11-47 89 83 00Fax +55-11-47 89 83 56

China/BeijingWacker Chemicals China Ltd.Tel. +86-10-65 66 83 61Fax +86-10-65 66 83 63

China/GuangzhouWacker Chemicals China Ltd.Tel. +86-20-83 86 47 19Fax +86-20-83 87 15 84

China/Hong KongWacker Chemicals Hong Kong Ltd.Tel. +852-25 06 32 28Fax +852-25 06 32 80

China/ShanghaiWacker Chemicals China Ltd.Tel. +86-21-50 80 11 22Fax +86-21-50 80 17 18

Czech Republic/Slovakia/PragueWacker-Chemie S.r.o.Tel. +420-2-67 29 85 01Fax +420-2-67 29 85 10

France/LyonWacker-Chimie S.A.Tel. +33-4-72 61 03 00Fax +33-4-78 95 27 45

Germany/DüsseldorfWacker-Chemie GmbHTel. +49-2 11-1 69 93-0Fax +49-2 11-36 40 41

Germany/StuttgartWacker-Chemie GmbHTel. +49-7 11-6 19 42-0Fax +49-7 11-6 19 42-61

Hungary/BudapestWacker-Chemie Hungária Kft.Tel. +36-1-4 64 73 30Fax +36-1-4 64 73 60

India/CalcuttaWacker Metroark Chemicals Ltd.Tel. +91-33-4 70 83 90Fax +91-33-4 70 99 43

India/MumbaiWacker Metroark Chemicals Ltd.Tel. +91-22-6 93 89 01Fax +91-22-6 93 89 03

Indonesia/JakartaWacker Chemicals (South Asia) Pte. Ltd.Tel. +62-21-5 26 33 24Fax +62-21-5 26 33 23

Ireland/DublinWacker Chemicals Ltd.Tel. +353-1-6 37 50 40Fax +353-1-6 37 50 50

Italy/Peschiera BorromeoWacker-Chemie Italia SpATel. +39-02-5 16 91-1Fax +39-02-5 16 91-4 99

Japan/TokyoWacker Asahikasei Silicone Co., Ltd.Tel. +81-3-52 72-31 33Fax +81-3-52 72-31 30

Korea/SeoulWacker Chemicals Korea Ltd.Tel. +82-2-5 62 68 77Fax +82-2-5 62 67 71

Mexico/Mexico D.F.Wacker Mexicana, S.A. de C.V.Tel. +52-55-55 95 75 99Fax +52-55-56 83 84 34

Netherlands/KrommenieWacker-Chemie Benelux B.V.Tel. +31-75-6 47 60 00Fax +31-75-6 21 50 61

Norway/StabekkWilh. Willumsen ASTel. +47-67 10 21 20Fax +47-67 10 21 30

Poland/WarsawWacker-Chemia Polska Sp.z o.oTel. +48-22-6 35 33 31Fax +48-22-6 35 65 17

Russia/MoscowWacker-Chemie GmbHTel. +7-0 95-2 39 10 39Fax +7-0 95-2 30 68 47

SingaporeWacker Chemicals(South Asia) Pte. Ltd.Tel. +65-5 42 66 38Fax +65-5 42 66 32

Spain/BarcelonaWacker Química Ibérica, S.A.Tel. +34-93-2 92 07 00Fax +34-93-2 17 57 66

DRAWIN Química, S.A.Tel. +34-93-2 70 27 17Fax +34-93-3 01 75 27

Sweden/SolnaWacker-Kemi ABTel. +46-8-52 20 52 20Fax +46-8-52 20 52 21

Switzerland/BaselWacker-Chemie (Schweiz) AGTel. +41-61-2 06 85 85Fax +41-61-2 06 85 75

Taiwan/TaipeiWacker Chemicals Hong Kong Ltd.Tel. +886-2-27 92 98 58Fax +886-2-27 92 82 18

Thailand/BangkokWacker Chemicals (South Asia) Pte Ltd.Tel. +662-66 18 44-1Fax +662-66 18 44-3

Turkey/Istanbul-MaslakWacker-Chemie GmbHTel. +90-2 12-3 35 64 00Fax +90-2 12-3 35 64 10

United Kingdom/Egham, SurreyWacker Chemicals Ltd.Tel. +44-17 84-48 78 00Fax +44-17 84-48 78 70

USA/Adrian, MIWacker Silicones CorporationTel. +1-5 17-2 64-85 00Fax +1-5 17-2 64-82 46

USA/Duncan, SCKelmar IndustriesTel. +1-8 64-4 33-07 77Fax +1-8 64-4 33-07 78

Munich, January 2002

Wacker-Chemie GmbHSilicones DivisionHanns-Seidel-Platz 4D-81737 MünchenGermanyTel. +49-89-62 79-01Fax +49-89-62 79-28 88http://www.wacker.com

Silicone-Info Service Tel. +8 00-62 79-80 00E-mail: silicones@wacker.com

IntegratedManagement Systemcertified to ISO 9001and ISO 14001

No. 4405e 1.02 supersedes no 4405e 5.00

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