W2 Lect 2 Exploration of Genres
Transcript of W2 Lect 2 Exploration of Genres
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Exploration of types of stories- Modern fantasy
- Realistic Fiction
- Non Fiction- Biography/ Auto-
biography
- Folktales(fables/legends/Mythology/tall tales
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Fantasy
Stories with elements that violate
the natural, physical laws of our
known world.
Traditional fantasy Oral tradition (myths, legends, folk
stories, tall tales, etc.)
Modern fantasy
Written. Stories where we know the
author (literary fairy tales, fantasy
novels, fantasy picture books, etc.)
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Fantasy isnt nonsense
Nonsense Unconventional Fantasy
It contradicts rules of
logic. It doesnt make
logical sense.
It can make fun ofconventional
behavior.
It can help readers
understand the
difference betweenwhat is sensible and
not sensible in the
real world.
It is unusual. Not
normal. This may be
odd or strange, but it
may still bereasonable.
When literature
breaks conventions,
it helps us to rethink
what we thought wasnormal.
Not possible in the
world as we know it.
But it follows rules
within the limits ofthe fantasy world the
author has created.
Fantasies provide
metaphors through
which we canexamine aspects of
life from a different
perspective.
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TRADITIONAL
FANTASY
They from the
oral traditionof collected
stories.
The setting is
often vague
and magical.
Characters are
symbolic and
do not grow
and change.
MODERN
FANTASY
Stories are
associated
with an author.Setting is
detailed and
key and
should be
credible.
Characters
grow and
change.
BOTHgenres are fantasies
and portray other worlds,
with elements of magic,
talking animals, strange
characters, and objects,
can include s/heroe'sjourney, supernatural,
universal themes of good
versus evil, right versus
wrong etc.
Both can be allegorical,
spiritual, satirical, and
political.
Figure 2: Traditional Fantasy vs.
Modern Fantasy
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TYPES OF MODERN FANTASYModern Folktales or Literary Folktales: very little character description/strong conflict/fast-moving plot/sudden resolution/vague setting -- known author. The Ugly Duckling, Peter Rabbit
Animal Fantasy: animals behave as human beings/personified yet retaining many of theiranimal characteristics. Catwings Charlottes Web, Poppy books (Avi)
Personified Charactersand Objects: toys brought to life and believed in/often responsibilityof parenthood assumed by the child protagonist Winnie the Pooh, Pinocchio
Unusual Characters and Strange Situations: strange or ridiculous Alices Adventures inWonderland, Pipi Longstocking
Worlds of Little People:miniature people with a culture or world of their own. Children
identify with indignities foisted upon little & powerless people/big people usually outdone byclever little people. Gulliver in Lilliput, The Borrowers
Supernatural Events and Mystery Fantasy: ghost stories. Ghosts can be fearful threats orhelpful protectors. The Boggart
Historical Fantasy: timewarp fantasy. Time period must be fully & accurately developed.Stone Words, The Root Cellar, The Devils Arithmetic
Quest Stories: adventure stories with a search motif. High fantasy/often set in medieval
times/imaginary worlds/conflict between good and evil/characters drawn from myth and legend.Quest usually represents a journey of self-discovery and personal growth for protagonist.
The Hobbit (Tolkien) The Wizard of Oz
Science Fiction(imaginative lit about something that could happen based on real scientificfacts and principles/ Must have appearance of scientific or technical plausibility About future
worlds. Called futuristic fiction) (a scientific explanation/not necessarily plausible/offered for
imaginative leaps into the unknown. Presents a world that is a mix of mythology and traditional
fantasy with scientific or technological concepts. A Wrinkle in Time, The Giver, Feed
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Autobiography
An autobiography is a story
about a persons life and is
written by the person who
lived it. An autobiographycan be about the personswhole life, part of that
persons life, or a single
event.
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Biography
A biography is a selection
about a real person's life
that is written by another
person.
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Nonfiction
nonfiction provides informationabout real-life persons, objects,or ideas.
Expository nonfiction mayinclude graphic sources, suchas charts and photos, that showinformation.
A chart is a sheet of
information.
Facts are arranged in an easy-to-read form.
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Fantasy
A fantasy is a make-believe storythat could never happen in therealworld.
Some characters and plotsituations may be realistic, whileothers are exaggerated andeven silly.
The author uses a realistic
classroom setting but thenintroduces fantasticcharacters who do impossiblethings.
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Realistic Fiction
Fiction tells stories of
imaginary people and
events, realistic fiction tells
a story that is possible.Plausible characters
engage in actions that
seem truthful and the story
has a reasonableoutcome. Eg Bridge to
Terabithia, Because of
Winn Dixie
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Realistic fiction
can be based on a real story
characters act like real people
character tries to solve a
problem
story could happen in real life
some events are historically
accurate characters feelings and
behaviors are like real life
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Families - relationship
Peers - friendship Mental, Physical and Behavioral Challenges- disabilities Cultural Diversity racial, religious, ethnic minority Animals horse, dog Sports a member of a team Mysteries element of suspense Moral Choices crisis, a decision that may change ones life Romance and Sexuality friendship, physical attraction Rites of Passage growth in physical, emotional, moral,
intellectual domains of life Adventure and Survival physical danger, external force.
Subject matter in realistic fiction
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Examples of realistic fiction
Robinson Crusoe
(1812) by Johann Wyss
The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn(1884)by Mark Twain
Little Women(1868) by Louisa May Alcott
Anne of Green Gables(1908) by LucyMaud Montgomery
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Folk Tale
The original author is
unknown and that folk
tales often have different
versions. These stories arepassed down through
generations over many
centuries.
Eg: Ali Baba, Sinbad theSailor, Dick Whitthington
and his cat.
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Myth
A myth is a tale
that has been passed
down through generations
and tells about natureand human behavior. Eg:
Persephone, King Midas,
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Narrative Nonfiction
A narrative is writing that
tells about events.
Narrative nonfiction tells
about events that reallyhappened.
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Tall Tales
Tall tales are amusing
stories told with great
exaggeration and bigger-
than-life characters. Eg:Paul Bunyan, Badang etc
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Tall tales
Tall tales highly exaggerated accounts
of exploits of persons, both real andimagined.
heros abilities were valued more for
their humor than for their factualcontent.
suitable for aged 7 and up.
Eg:
- Paul Bunyan.,The Merry Adventures of
Robin Hood Ages 9-12.
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Epics
-long stories of human adventure and
heroism recounted in many episodes.
-characters can be human and divine. Hero-
always human or superhuman, eg. Ulysses
inOdyssey
- setting- earthly, not always realistic.
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Myths
- explain the origin of the world and thephenomena of nature (creation stories).
- originated in ancient religious rituals
- characters gods, goddesses
- Examples:
- Persephone
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Fables
- Simple story that
incorporates characters
typically animals whose
actions teach a moral lessonor universal truth.
- Moral is stated at the end of
the story.
- eg:
The Hare and the Tortoise:
A Fable from Aesop
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Tutorial Tasks
Group task: Choose stories from any 3 genres of children stories to
be taught for a designated level, Justify your choices.
- Many traditional tales have different versions, eg. LittleRed Riding Hood, The Little Mermaid, Cinderella, etc.
- Collect samples of these different versions and decide
which version would you use with your students. Why?