4472

0100

01

ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

In addition to this paper you will needa calculator and a ruler.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Use black ink or black ball-point pen.Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.Answer all questions.Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question.You are reminded of the necessity for good English and orderly presentation in your answers.Assessment will take into account the quality of written communication (QWC) in your answer to question 10.The Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of the examination paper and the formulae for some common ions on the inside of the back cover.

SM*(W14-4472-01)

Surname

Other Names

CandidateNumber

0

CentreNumber

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

GCSE

4472/01

ADDITIONAL SCIENCE/CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY 2FOUNDATION TIER

A.M. TUESDAY, 14 January 2014

1 hour

For Examiner’s use only

Question MaximumMark

MarkAwarded

1. 6

2. 6

3. 4

4. 6

5. 7

6. 7

7. 8

8. 4

9. 6

10. 6

Total 60

2

(4472-01)

Examineronly

Answer all questions.

1. (a) The following diagrams represent five different atoms, A–E.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

BA C

D E

Use the diagrams to answer the following questions.

(i) Give the electronic structure of element D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]

(ii) Give the letters, A–E, of the elements that are found in Period 3. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Give the letters, A–E, of the elements that are found in Group 7. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) Give the atomic number of element C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]

(b) Complete the following table to show the relative masses and charges of the particles found in an atom. [2]

Particle Relative mass Relative charge

proton 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .

neutron. . . . . . . . . . . .

0

electron 0 −1

6

(4472-01) Turn over.

4472

0100

03

3Examiner

only2. A Group 1 metal is burned in a gas jar containing oxygen.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

oxygen

metal burning with a lilac flame

(a) Use the information in the diagram above to name the Group 1 metal. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Write a word equation for the reaction taking place. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) Give the name of a Group 1 metal that would react less vigorously than the metal named in (a) above. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(d) A similar reaction can be carried out using chlorine instead of oxygen. The product obtained is a white solid.

(i) Choose from the box below a solution that could be used to show that the white solid contains chloride ions. [1]

limewater silver nitrate sodium hydroxide sulfuric acid

(ii) State what must be done to the white solid in order to carry out the test. [1]

(iii) Give the colour of the precipitate formed. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

4

(4472-01)

Examineronly

3. Chromatography can be used to test if racehorses have been given illegal drugs. Urine samples from four horses, A–D, were tested to find out whether they contained caffeine or paracetamol. The following diagram shows the results obtained.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

0

2

4

6

8

10

1

3

5

7

9

(a) Give the letter of the horse, A–D, that had been given paracetamol. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) State, giving a reason, if any of the four horses had been given caffeine. [1]

(c) The Rf value can be used to identify a substance. Use the following equation to calculate the Rf value of paracetamol. [2]

Rf value = distance moved by solvent

Rf value = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

Dis

tanc

e m

oved

(cm

)

start line

solvent front

para

ceta

mol

caffe

ine

hors

e A

hors

e B

hors

e C

hors

e D

distance moved by paracetamol

(4472-01) Turn over.

4472

0100

05

5Examiner

only4. The following graph shows how the solubility of four different substances varies with temperature.

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40

20

80

120

180

60

100

140

160

200 40 60 80

Sol

ubilit

y (g

per

100

g of

wat

er)

sodium sulfate

sodium chloride

sodium nitratepotassiu

m nitrate

Temperature (°C)

(a) Name the substance that shows the smallest change in solubility. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Give the temperature at which the solubility of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate is the same.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . °C [1]

(c) If a saturated solution of sodium nitrate in 100 g of water is cooled from 80 °C to 10 °C, calculate the mass of crystals that will be formed. [2]

Mass of crystals formed = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g

(d) Describe, using data from the graph, how the solubility of sodium sulfate changes with temperature. [2]

6

Name Molecular formula Structural formula Family of hydrocarbons

methane

butane C4H10 alkane

ethene C2H4

C3H6 alkene

6

(4472-01)

Examineronly

5. The following table shows some information about four organic compounds.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

C HH

H

H

C C

H

H

H

H

C CH C

HH H

H H

(a) Complete the table. [4]

(b) Ethene undergoes polymerisation to form polythene. The following equation shows the reaction taking place.

C C

H

H

H

H

C C

n

n

H

H

H

H

Describe what happens during this process. [2]

(4472-01) Turn over.

4472

0100

07

7Examiner

only (c) Another polymer is PTFE. Its repeating unit is shown below.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

C C

F F

F F n

Draw the structure of the monomer used to produce PTFE. [1]

7

8

(4472-01)

6. When sodium thiosulfate solution reacts with dilute acid, sulfur forms as a precipitate. The precipitate causes the solution to go cloudy. The rate of reaction can be measured by placing a cross beneath the flask and measuring the time taken for the cross to disappear.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

A pupil studied the effect of temperature on the reaction and obtained the following results.

Temperature (°C) 20 30 40 50 60

Time taken for cross to disappear (s) 50 32 25 20 17

add dilute acid and start timing

sodium thiosulfate solution

cross drawn on paper

(4472-01) Turn over.

9Examiner

only (a) (i) Plot the results on the grid below and draw a suitable line. [3]

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

100

10

20

30

40

50

60

20 30 40 50 60 70

Tim

e ta

ken

for c

ross

to d

isap

pear

(s)

Temperature (°C)

(ii) Describe the trend in the results. [1]

(iii) A second student carried out the same experiment using a higher concentration of acid. Draw the line you would expect him to obtain on the same grid. [1]

10

(4472-01)

Examineronly

(b) Another student suggested using a light sensor and data logger to study the reaction rate.

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

lightsource

light sensor

to data logger

reaction mixture

Describe how the light intensity detected by the sensor would change during the reaction and give one advantage of using a light sensor. [2]

7

(4472-01) Turn over.

11Examiner

only

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

7. The following table shows information about some atoms, A–E.

A–E are not the chemical symbols for the elements.

Atom A B C D E

atomicnumber 3 6 10 11

massnumber 12 14 20 23

number of protons 3 6 6 10 11

number of neutrons 4 6 8 10

number of electrons 3 6 6 10 11

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) (i) Give the electronic structure of element D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [1]

(ii) Use this information to explain why this element is found in Period 2 and Group 0. [2]

(c) Choose the letters, A–E, of the atoms that represent isotopes and give a reason for your choice. [2]

Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reason . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

12

(4472-01)

Examineronly

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

8. The following diagrams show the structures of diamond, graphite and carbon nanotubes.

diamond graphite carbon nanotube

(a) Two of the structures shown above conduct electricity. Name both and give the reason why they are able to conduct electricity. [2]

Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reason . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Name the structure above that is used as a lubricant and give a reason why it is suitable for this use. [2]

4

(4472-01) Turn over.

13Examiner

only

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

6

9. The reaction of chlorine with iron can be demonstrated using the following apparatus.

(a) State why the reaction should be carried out in a fume cupboard. [1]

(b) The product of the reaction above is iron(III) chloride, FeCl3. Complete and balance the following symbol equation for the reaction. [2]

(c) Calculate the percentage by mass of chlorine in iron(III) chloride, FeCl3. [3]

Ar (Fe) = 56 Ar (Cl) = 35.5

Percentage by mass of chlorine = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %

excess chlorine gaschlorine gas

iron wool

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FeCl3

14

(4472-01)

Examineronly

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

10. Thermochromic pigments, photochromic pigments and shape memory alloys are types of smart material.

Describe your understanding of smart materials. [6 QWC]

Your answer should include:

• what is meant by a smart material; • someexamplesofsmartmaterials,theirspecialpropertiesanduses.

END OF PAPER 6

Turn over.(4472-01)

15

FORMULAE FOR SOME COMMON IONS

POSITIVE IONS NEGATIVE IONSName Formula Name Formula

AluminiumAmmoniumBariumCalciumCopper(II)HydrogenIron(II)Iron(III)LithiumMagnesiumNickelPotassiumSilverSodiumZinc

Al3+

NH4+

Ba2+

Ca2+

Cu2+

H+

Fe2+

Fe3+

Li+

Mg2+

Ni2+

K+

Ag+

Na+

Zn2+

BromideCarbonateChlorideFluorideHydroxideIodideNitrateOxideSulfate

Br–

CO32–

Cl–

F–

OH–

I–

NO3–

O2–

SO42–

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(4472-01)

16

1 H

Hydr

ogen

4 H

e

Hel

ium

7 Li

Lith

ium

9 B

e

Bery

llium

11 B

Bor

on

12 C

Car

bon

14 N

Nitro

gen

16 O

Oxy

gen

19 F

Fluo

rine

20 N

e

Neo

n

23 N

a

Sod

ium

24 M

g

Magn

esium

27 A

l

Alumi

nium

28 S

i

Sili

con

31 P

Phos

phoru

s

32 S

Sulfu

r

35 C

l

Chlo

rine

40 A

r

Arg

on

39 K

Potas

sium

40 C

a

Cal

cium

45 S

c

Scan

dium

48 T

i

Tita

nium

51 V

Vana

dium

52 C

r

Chrom

ium

55 M

n

Mang

anes

e

56 F

e

Iron

59 C

o

Cob

alt

59 N

i

Nic

kel

64 C

u

Cop

per

65 Z

n

Zinc

70 G

a

Gal

lium

73 G

e

Germ

anium

75 A

s

Ars

enic

79 S

e

Selen

ium

80 B

r

Brom

ine

84 K

r

Kryp

ton

86 R

b

Rubid

ium

88 S

r

Stro

ntium

89 Y

Yttri

um

91 Z

r

Zirco

nium

93 N

b

Niob

ium

96 M

o

Molyb

denum

99 T

c

Tech

netiu

m

101 R

u

Ruthe

nium

103 R

h

Rhod

ium

106 Pd

Palla

dium

108 Ag

Silv

er

112 C

d

Cadm

ium

115 In

Indi

um

119 Sn Tin

122 Sb

Antim

ony

128 Te

Tellu

rium

127 I

Iodi

ne

131 Xe

Xeno

n

133 C

s

Caes

ium

137 Ba

Bar

ium

139 La

Lanth

anum

179 H

f

Hafn

ium

181 Ta

Tant

alum

184 W

Tung

sten

186 R

e

Rhen

ium

190 O

s

Osm

ium

192 Ir

Iridi

um

195 P

t

Plat

inum

197 Au

Gol

d

201 H

g

Mer

cury

204 Tl

Thall

ium

207 Pb

Lead

209 B

i

Bism

uth

210 Po

Polon

ium

210 At

Asta

tine

222 R

n

Rad

on

223 Fr

Fran

cium

226 R

a

Rad

ium

227 Ac

Actin

ium

3 11 19 37 55 87

2 86543618109

17 35

53 85

8 16 34 52 848315 33

7 51

6 14 32 50 82

5

13 31 49 81

30 48 80

29 47 79

28 46 78

27 45 77

26 44 76

1

25 43 75

24 42

74

23 41 73

22 40 72

21 39 57 89

4 12 20 38 56 88

PER

IOD

IC T

AB

LE O

F EL

EMEN

TS

12

Gro

up3

45

67

0

AX

Z Nam

e

Key:

Mas

s nu

mbe

r

Atom

ic n

umbe

rEl

emen

t Sym

bol

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.